本文選題：數(shù)字圖像相關 + 面內(nèi)位移測量　； 參考：《鄭州大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：數(shù)字圖像相關方法(DICM)是傳統(tǒng)光學測量技術與現(xiàn)代數(shù)字圖像處理技術相結合的產(chǎn)物。與其他測量方法相比,數(shù)字圖像相關法具有突出的優(yōu)越性,以其光路簡單、非接觸、精度高等優(yōu)點,已在材料測試、土木工程、機械制造等傳統(tǒng)領域,甚至是航空航天、納米科學、生物力學等高精尖領域都得到了廣泛的應用,是現(xiàn)代實驗力學中最活躍、最重要、應用最廣泛的光測方法之一。數(shù)字圖像相關方法是通過對物體表面變形前后的散斑圖像進行搜索匹配來計算物體表面的位移場或應變場。數(shù)字圖像相關方法中八個關鍵問題即:1、相關系數(shù)函數(shù);2、整像素搜索方法;3、亞像素搜索算法;4、散斑圖;5、減噪;6、補償技術;7、位移場到應變場間的轉換;8、三維應變場。目前,國內(nèi)外對數(shù)字圖像相關方法的研究主要集中在兩個方面:1、計算效率;2、測量精度。而本文正是基于對這兩方面問題的探討和改進,深入的研究了數(shù)字圖像相關方法在面內(nèi)位移測量上的基本原理、相關系數(shù)、整像素搜索方法及亞像素搜索算法。在完成整個搜索匹配工作的基礎上,還對相關系數(shù)以及亞像素搜索的計算過程進行了改進,并編寫了相關運算程序對其進行驗證。在計算效率方面,本文首先分析了匹配搜索過程中常見的六種相關系數(shù)函數(shù),對其各方面的運算性能進行了對比并提出了幾點可以提高計算速度的辦法,行之有效的縮短了匹配時間。然后介紹了幾種常見的整像素搜索算法,通過理論分析以及仿真模擬驗證得出,三步搜索法的匹配效果較好、計算速度較快且易于編程。在測量精度方面,結合灰度插值法和曲面擬合法這兩種算法的性能及優(yōu)點,本文提出了一種新的改進的亞像素搜索算法—擬合插值結合算法,并對其在亞像素位移搜索上的測量精度和抗噪能力做了驗證。最后,基于MATLAB軟件編寫了二維數(shù)字圖像相關計算程序,并通過懸臂梁彎曲實驗和剛體平移實驗驗證了本文提出的擬合插值結合算法以及DICM計算程序在實際應用中的可行性及準確性,實驗結果精確度比較高。
[Abstract]:Digital image correlation method (DICM) is the product of traditional optical measuring technology and modern digital image processing technology combined. Compared with other measurement methods, the digital image correlation method has prominent advantages, with its simple optical path, non-contact, high precision, has material testing, material in civil engineering, the traditional field of machinery even manufacturing. Is the aerospace, nano science, biomechanics and other high-tech fields have been widely used, is the most active, the most important in modern experimental mechanics, one of the most widely used optical method. Digital image correlation method is used to calculate the displacement field matching surface or by speckle image on the surface before and after deformation is made Strain field. Eight key problems in digital image correlation method is: 1, the correlation coefficient function; 2, integer pixel search method; 3, sub-pixel search algorithm; 4, speckle pattern; noise reduction; 5, 6, 7, compensation technology; displacement field to the strain field between 8 and three; strain field. At present, domestic and foreign research on digital image correlation method mainly focus on two aspects: 1 And the computational efficiency; 2, the accuracy of measurement. And this paper is on the two issues of discussion and improvement based on the basic principle, the study of digital image correlation method in plane displacement measurement on the correlation coefficient, the integer pixel search method and sub-pixel search algorithm. Based on complete search work also, the correlation coefficient at The calculation process and the sub-pixel search is improved, and the preparation of the relevant operational procedures to verify the results. The efficiency of calculation, this paper first analyzes the matching six correlation coefficients of common function in the search process, the operation of the performance was compared and proposed several points can improve the calculation speed for the way, Shorten the matching time. And then introduces several common integer pixel search algorithm, through theoretical analysis and simulation verify that the better matching effect of three step search method, fast calculation speed and easy programming. In terms of measurement accuracy, combined with gray interpolation method and fitting the legal properties and advantages of these two algorithms, This paper presents a new improved Sub-pixel Search algorithm combined with interpolation algorithm, and its accuracy in the sub-pixel displacement measurement and search on the anti noise ability is verified. Finally, the MATLAB software is written based on two-dimensional digital image correlation calculation program, and through the cantilever beam bending experiment and translational experiment to verify the This paper combined the proposed interpolation algorithm and the feasibility and accuracy of DICM in the practical application of the calculation procedure, the experimental results with high accuracy.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP391.41

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