發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-08 07:39

  本文選題：閉式葉輪內(nèi)表面缺陷 + 熒光滲透檢測(cè)�。� 參考：《南昌航空大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：某型號(hào)航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)閉式葉輪,采用精密鑄造成型,由于葉輪是高溫轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)部件,因此其內(nèi)部缺陷控制和表面缺陷控制關(guān)系到航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的可靠性和使用壽命。葉輪由高溫合金材料鑄造而成,表面缺陷檢測(cè)最佳方式為高靈敏度熒光滲透后乳化檢測(cè),由于葉輪結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,存在許多接近完全閉合的空間,閉合空間表面的熒光滲透檢測(cè)存在缺陷難以觀察、缺陷尺寸測(cè)量不易的難題。本文嘗試采用雙目測(cè)量方法對(duì)葉輪內(nèi)表面熒光滲透缺陷進(jìn)行測(cè)量。本文針對(duì)葉輪封閉空間的內(nèi)表面缺陷熒光滲透檢測(cè),搭建以紫外光發(fā)光二極管、H5內(nèi)窺鏡鏡頭(直徑為5.5mm,鏡頭長(zhǎng)度為31mm,圖像分辨率為640*480)為基礎(chǔ)的檢測(cè)環(huán)境,自編圖像采集軟件,可以獲得單幀和連續(xù)圖像,利用該環(huán)境采集熒光滲透檢測(cè)靈敏度測(cè)試片圖像,該圖像在紫外光下顯示,光強(qiáng)度分布不均勻且對(duì)比度低,在圖像光場(chǎng)均勻化、圖像降噪、圖像分割、邊緣提取后,獲得靈敏度試片上缺陷的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖像,并對(duì)缺陷尺寸進(jìn)行測(cè)量;搭建了雙目測(cè)量平臺(tái),將滲透的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試片置于密閉空間中,模擬葉輪閉合環(huán)境。對(duì)雙目測(cè)量平臺(tái)進(jìn)行張正友標(biāo)定,在比較歸一化互相關(guān)算法(NCC算法)與SIFT算法的基礎(chǔ)上,采用NCC算法,引入圖像匹配的約束條件,提高了匹配效率與匹配精度。實(shí)現(xiàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試片上的缺陷尺寸精確測(cè)量,隨后利用該平臺(tái)對(duì)葉輪內(nèi)表面實(shí)際缺陷進(jìn)行測(cè)量,缺陷尺寸測(cè)量相對(duì)誤差小于5.5%。本文搭建的內(nèi)窺鏡雙目測(cè)量平臺(tái),有效解決葉輪內(nèi)表面缺陷熒光滲透圖像獲取難題,所用的光場(chǎng)均勻化、圖像降噪、圖像分割、邊緣提取方法有效、研究獲得的標(biāo)定算法方法簡(jiǎn)單、精度高,能夠很好應(yīng)用于航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)閉式葉輪內(nèi)表面缺陷檢測(cè)中。
[Abstract]:The closed impeller of a certain type of aero-engine is formed by precision casting. Because the impeller is a rotating component at high temperature, its internal defect control and surface defect control are related to the reliability and service life of the aero-engine. The impeller is cast from superalloy material. The best way to detect the surface defect is high sensitivity fluorescence permeation emulsification detection. Because of the complex structure of impeller, there are many spaces close to complete closure. It is difficult to observe the defect and measure the size of the defect in the fluorescence permeation detection of closed space surface. In this paper, a binocular method is used to measure the defect of the inner surface of impeller. In this paper, an image acquisition software based on UV light-emitting diode H5 endoscope lens (diameter 5.5mm, lens length 31mm, image resolution 640480) is set up to detect the inner surface defect of impeller. A single frame and a continuous image can be obtained, and the fluorescence osmosis detection sensitivity test image can be collected in this environment. The image is displayed under ultraviolet light, the intensity distribution is uneven and the contrast is low, the image is uniformly distributed in the image light field, and the image is de-noised. After image segmentation and edge extraction, the standard image of the defect on the sensitivity test piece is obtained, and the defect size is measured. A binocular measuring platform is set up to simulate the impeller closure environment by placing the permeable standard test piece in a closed space. The binocular measurement platform was calibrated by Zhang Zhengyou. On the basis of comparing the normalized cross-correlation algorithm (NCC) and sift algorithm, the NCC algorithm was used to introduce the constraint condition of image matching, and the matching efficiency and accuracy were improved. The accurate measurement of the defect size on the standard test sheet is realized, and then the actual defects on the impeller inner surface are measured by the platform, and the relative error of the defect size measurement is less than 5.5. The binocular measurement platform built in this paper can effectively solve the problem of obtaining fluorescence permeable image of impeller inner surface defects. The light field homogenization, image noise reduction, image segmentation and edge extraction are effective. The proposed calibration algorithm is simple and accurate, and can be applied to the detection of inner surface defects of closed impeller of aero-engine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：V263.6;TP391.41

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本文編號(hào)：1995149