本文選題：量子隱形傳態(tài) + 免疫噪聲模型��； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：信息安全是推動信息化發(fā)展的前提條件,密碼系統(tǒng)是信息安全的基礎(chǔ)。傳統(tǒng)基于復(fù)雜計算的經(jīng)典密碼算法在后摩爾時代的量子計算等超強(qiáng)新技術(shù)下破解變得更加容易,甚至“不堪一擊”。而量子隱形傳態(tài)利用量子不可分割、狀態(tài)不可克隆、探測瞬間坍塌的特性,依據(jù)量子相干疊加和量子糾纏等理論,對量子態(tài)測量及粒子坍塌態(tài)計算,并通過幺正變換等操作來重建未知量子態(tài)信息,保證了信息傳輸?shù)慕^對安全,在大尺度量子計算、遠(yuǎn)距離量子通信和量子計算網(wǎng)絡(luò)中發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用,已成為世界各國學(xué)術(shù)、軍事和信息技術(shù)行業(yè)都研究的熱點(diǎn)。本文針對噪聲下量子退相干的不斷增長,光子的多自由度特性在量子物理體系中呈現(xiàn)出的非定域、非經(jīng)典的強(qiáng)關(guān)聯(lián)性,動搖了量子隱形傳態(tài)協(xié)議中的單一自由度獨(dú)立性假設(shè),導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)有量子隱形傳態(tài)信道難以在有限資源與糾纏死亡的矛盾下提供令系統(tǒng)滿意服務(wù)的痛點(diǎn)問題,提出更加接近實(shí)際環(huán)境的魯棒量子隱形傳態(tài)協(xié)議。所取得的主要研究成果如下:1.高保真糾纏量子隱形傳態(tài)信道框架構(gòu)建首先針對在量子隱形傳態(tài)過程中出現(xiàn)“糾纏死亡”問題和量子退相干現(xiàn)象,通過分析空間上相互獨(dú)立的兩個原子系統(tǒng)糾纏隨時間演化過程,研究原子和腔場初始糾纏度與腔場的初始糾纏度的關(guān)系,刻畫了“糾纏死亡”免疫模型。并通過分析T-C模型和J-C模型中退相干因子出現(xiàn)的振幅震蕩現(xiàn)象,刻畫了量子退相干糾纏演化模型。其次針對不同噪聲特性,設(shè)計了基于密度矩陣的免疫噪聲模型和基于DFS的聯(lián)合噪聲免疫模型,且分析了不同角色下的最佳量子比特效率。最后針對信道容量因糾纏死亡導(dǎo)致低下的問題,設(shè)計了基于圖態(tài)基樹圖和森林圖的信道容量編碼,分析了相干性信息和信道容量,有效計算了噪聲信量容量的逼近值和噪聲容限,從而得到了不同噪聲信道和共同局域噪聲下可傳輸量子信息的區(qū)域。2.不同信道中Bell態(tài)和任意態(tài)的量子信息分離針對在不同信道或者同一信道中傳輸粒子少且計算復(fù)雜等問題,創(chuàng)新性的提出了利用不同的量子信道來進(jìn)行Bell態(tài)和任意態(tài)的量子信息分離方案。首先利用四粒子糾纏態(tài)作為量子信道進(jìn)行兩粒子Bell態(tài)的量子信息分離,實(shí)現(xiàn)了傳遞Bell態(tài)信息的量子分離過程;其次利用五粒子糾纏態(tài)分離任意單粒子和兩粒子態(tài)的量子信息分離;最后利用不同的量子信道即利用四粒子團(tuán)簇態(tài)和兩粒子Bell態(tài)、四粒子團(tuán)簇態(tài)和GHZ態(tài)分離任意三粒子態(tài)的量子信息分離過程。通過利用不同的量子信道分離任意的三粒子態(tài),執(zhí)行不同的測量操作來實(shí)現(xiàn)高效率的量子信息分離過程,并且對于量子信息分離的過程在腔量子電動力學(xué)中進(jìn)行了物理實(shí)現(xiàn)。3.免疫噪聲的多自由度量子隱形傳態(tài)協(xié)議針對單自由度下的量子隱形傳態(tài)成本高、效率低等問題,創(chuàng)新性的提出了一種新的免疫噪聲的可控多自由度量子隱形傳態(tài)協(xié)議。首先通過分析引導(dǎo)自旋—軌道角動量來調(diào)整多自由度需求強(qiáng)度在時間、空間、頻率上的分布特征,實(shí)現(xiàn)了量子在多自由度下高亮度糾纏源的制備。其次刻畫了自旋—軌道角動量和超Bell態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系,進(jìn)行了超Bell態(tài)的測量和超密編碼,達(dá)到了在各自角動量的約束下滿足超Bell態(tài)測量的多重需求目標(biāo)。最后設(shè)計了可控的量子隱形傳態(tài)身份認(rèn)證模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)了在獨(dú)立不同噪聲中和局域共同噪聲下的魯棒量子隱形傳態(tài),并對協(xié)議的保真度和平均保真度效率進(jìn)行分析,提高了測量效率和安全性。4.噪聲信道下容錯的量子隱形傳態(tài)協(xié)議應(yīng)用針對量子隱形傳態(tài)在實(shí)用化方面的瓶頸問題,設(shè)計了免疫噪聲的量子對話和連續(xù)變量的量子密鑰分發(fā)兩種典型應(yīng)用。首先提出了基于誘騙態(tài)和隱寫來檢測對話雙方身份是否有誤和對話信道是否安全的對話機(jī)制,構(gòu)造了單光子、廣義糾纏態(tài),將對話雙方事先共享的身份識別碼轉(zhuǎn)換為對聯(lián)合噪聲免疫的邏輯量子態(tài),隨機(jī)地混雜隱寫在信息序列中傳送,既進(jìn)行身份認(rèn)證又進(jìn)行竊聽檢測。其次提出了連續(xù)變量的確定性量子密鑰分發(fā)協(xié)議,主要是發(fā)送者通過公共信道傳遞預(yù)先確定的密鑰給信息接收者。最后經(jīng)過安全性和性能驗(yàn)證,提出的兩種量子隱形傳態(tài)應(yīng)用都具有高的魯棒性和效率,在噪聲下更具潛力和容錯性。綜上,本文圍繞噪聲下的量子隱形傳態(tài)關(guān)鍵問題及其應(yīng)用展開了研究,研究成果為該領(lǐng)域提供了新的解決思路,豐富了量子通信理論,為進(jìn)一步推動實(shí)用化量子隱形傳態(tài)技術(shù)開辟了新的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。
[Abstract]:Information security is the precondition for promoting the development of information. Cryptographic systems are the basis of information security. Classical cryptographic algorithms based on complex computing have become easier and even "vulnerable" under the superstrong new technologies of quantum computing in the post Moorish era. Quantum implicit transmission is inseparable from the state, and the state is inseparable. On the basis of quantum coherent superposition and quantum entanglement, quantum state measurement and particle collapse state are calculated by quantum coherent superposition and quantum entanglement. The information of unknown quantum state is reconstructed by unitary transformation and so on. The absolute security of information transmission is guaranteed, and the quantum computation, long distance quantum communication and quantum computing network play a role. The important role has become a hot spot in the academic, military and information technology industries all over the world. In this paper, the quantum decoherence of quantum decoherence under noise is increasing. The non locality and non classical strong correlation of the multi degree of freedom of photon in the quantum physical system have shaken the single self in the quantum teleportation protocol. Due to the degree independence hypothesis, the existing quantum teleportation channel is difficult to provide the pain point problem of the system satisfying service under the contradiction of the limited resources and entanglement death, and proposes a robust quantum teleportation protocol which is closer to the actual environment. The main achievements are as follows: 1. high fidelity entangled quantum teleportation channel framework First, the problem of entanglement death and quantum decoherence occur in the process of quantum teleportation, and the relationship between the initial entanglement degree of the atom and the cavity field and the initial entanglement of the cavity field is studied by analyzing the time evolution process of the entanglement of two independent atomic systems in space, and the "entangled death" immune model is depicted. By analyzing the amplitude oscillations of the decoherence factor in the T-C model and the J-C model, the quantum decoherence entanglement evolution model is depicted. Secondly, the immune noise model based on the density matrix and the joint noise immunity model based on the DFS are designed for different noise characteristics, and the best qubit efficiency under different roles is analyzed. In the end, the channel capacity coding based on the graph base tree and the forest map is designed to solve the problem that the channel capacity is caused by the entanglement death. The coherence information and the channel capacity are analyzed. The approximate value and the noise tolerance of the noise capacity are calculated effectively, and the transmission quantum of the different noise channels and common local noise is obtained. The separation of quantum information from Bell States and arbitrary states in different channels of information in.2. channels is an innovative solution to the quantum information separation scheme for Bell States and arbitrary states by using different quantum channels. First, the four particle entanglement state is used as the amount of quantum information. The subchannel separates the quantum information of the two particle Bell state, realizes the quantum separation process of transmitting the Bell state information, and then separates the quantum information from the arbitrary single particle and the two particle state by the five particle entangled state; finally, using the different quantum channels, the four particle cluster state and the two particle Bell state, the four particle cluster state and the GHZ state are used. The separation process of quantum information is separated from any three particle state. By separating arbitrary three particle states by using different quantum channels, different measurement operations are performed to realize the efficient quantum information separation process. And the process of quantum information separation is carried out in the cavity quantum electrodynamics (qqd) for the physical realization of the.3. immune noise. According to the high cost and low efficiency of quantum teleportation under single degree of freedom, the quantum stealth protocol proposed a new controllable multi degree of freedom quantum teleportation protocol. First, the demand intensity of multi degree of freedom is adjusted by analyzing the spin orbit angular momentum to adjust the demand intensity in time, space and frequency. It realizes the preparation of quantum entanglement source with high brightness under multi degree of freedom. Secondly, the transformation relation between spin orbit angular momentum and super Bell state is depicted. The measurement and super dense encoding of super Bell state are carried out, and the multiple demand targets are satisfied under the constraints of their respective angular momentum. Finally, the controllability is designed. The quantum teleportation identity authentication model realizes robust quantum teleportation in independent noise and local common noise, and analyzes the fidelity of the protocol and the average fidelity efficiency. The measurement efficiency and security of the.4. noise channel are improved by the quantum stealth transmission protocol for quantum teleportation. Two typical applications of the quantum dialogue of immune noise and the quantum key distribution of continuous variables are designed. First, a dialogue mechanism is proposed to detect whether the identity of the two sides is mistaken and whether the dialogue channel is safe, based on the decoy state and the implicit writing, and constructs the single photon, the generalized entanglement state, and the two sides of the dialogue. The prior shared identity code is converted into a logical quantum state of the combined noise immunity, which is randomly mixed and hidden in the information sequence, both authentication and eavesdropping detection. Secondly, a deterministic quantum key distribution protocol for continuous variables is proposed, which is mainly the transmitter to pass the predetermined key through the public channel. In the end, two kinds of quantum teleportation applications, which have high robustness and efficiency, are more potential and fault-tolerant in noise. In this paper, the key problems and applications of quantum stealth transmission under noise are studied in this paper. The research results provide a new solution to this field. The idea enriches quantum communication theory and opens up a new application field for further promoting practical quantum teleportation technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP309

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4 張s，

本文編號：1972843