本文選題：野生動物監(jiān)控 + 紅外相機��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：長期以來,野生動物調(diào)查面臨著許多現(xiàn)實困難,隨著很多野生動物種群數(shù)量的逐漸減少,甚至于瀕臨滅絕,已經(jīng)很難在野外見到活動的野生動物。同時其中有許多動物屬于晝伏夜出的,具備較高的隱蔽性,還有一些僅僅生存在少有人出沒的森林和其他生態(tài)環(huán)境中�，F(xiàn)存野生動物偵測設(shè)備很多存在處理速度慢、實時性差,可持續(xù)工作時間短等弊病。隨著電子技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,紅外相機技術(shù)與數(shù)碼相機技術(shù)相結(jié)合,生成出新一代數(shù)碼紅外相機裝置,廣泛應(yīng)用在野生動物的種群監(jiān)測、多樣性調(diào)查和種群密度評估等科研和保護工作中。本文針對目前自然保護區(qū)監(jiān)測野生動物的困難,設(shè)計了一種能在惡劣環(huán)境中長期工作的嵌入式無線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)。研究內(nèi)容主要包括:第一,本系統(tǒng)采用圖像處理能力強的雙核微處理器芯片NT96450和無線通信模塊H330,搭載響應(yīng)速度快的u ITRON實時操作系統(tǒng),并選用了帶有超聲電機自動控制焦距的CMOS圖像傳感器。當熱釋電紅外傳感器探測到野生動物后觸發(fā)系統(tǒng)進行圖像和視頻數(shù)據(jù)采集,通過對采集和處理時間的優(yōu)化,使系統(tǒng)從上電到采集完圖片所需的時間保持在1.5s以內(nèi)。第二,在圖像和視頻數(shù)據(jù)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸過程中利用TCP協(xié)議棧來保證網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)目煽啃�。紅外監(jiān)控相機將處理后的圖像和視頻,以彩信和郵件的方式即時上傳給用戶,信號強度不夠的情況下啟用重發(fā)機制保證了數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送的成功率。第三,設(shè)計和實現(xiàn)了四大模塊功能,分別是數(shù)據(jù)采集與存儲、參數(shù)設(shè)置、遠程監(jiān)控和遠程報警等模塊。軟件系統(tǒng)運行的穩(wěn)定性也較大程度保證了可持續(xù)工作的時間長度。本文在完成整個紅外相機軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計后,還對系統(tǒng)的主要功能模塊進行了功能性測試和性能測試。由測試結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)設(shè)計的各個功能模塊都能正常實現(xiàn),滿足了嵌入式系統(tǒng)設(shè)計的可靠性、穩(wěn)定性和經(jīng)濟性。
[Abstract]:For a long time, wildlife investigation has been faced with many practical difficulties. With the decline of the population of many wild animals and even the imminent extinction, it is difficult to see wild animals in the wild. At the same time, many of the animals are nocturnal, with high concealment, and some only exist in the few inhabited forests and other ecological environments. Many of the existing wildlife detection equipment have disadvantages such as slow processing speed, poor real-time, short sustainable working time and so on. With the rapid development of electronic technology, the combination of infrared camera technology and digital camera technology has produced a new generation of digital infrared camera devices, which are widely used in wildlife population monitoring. Diversity survey and population density assessment and other scientific research and conservation work. In view of the difficulties of wildlife monitoring in nature reserves at present, an embedded wireless monitoring system which can work in harsh environment for a long time is designed in this paper. The main research contents are as follows: first, the system uses a dual-core microprocessor chip NT96450 and a wireless communication module H330, which has strong image processing ability, to carry the u ITRON real-time operating system with high response speed. CMOS image sensor with ultrasonic motor automatic control focal length is selected. When the pyroelectric infrared sensor detects wild animals, the system triggers the image and video data acquisition. By optimizing the acquisition and processing time, the time required for the system from power on to finish collecting pictures is kept within 1.5 seconds. Secondly, TCP protocol stack is used to ensure the reliability of network data transmission. Infrared surveillance camera can upload the processed image and video to the user by MMS and email. When the signal intensity is not enough, the retransmission mechanism can ensure the success rate of data transmission. Thirdly, four modules are designed and implemented, which are data acquisition and storage, parameter setting, remote monitoring and remote alarm. The stability of software system also ensures the duration of sustainable work. After completing the design of the whole infrared camera software system, the main function modules of the system are also tested in function and performance. The test results show that each functional module of the system design can be realized normally, which satisfies the reliability, stability and economy of the embedded system design.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP317.4

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