本文選題：野生動(dòng)物監(jiān)控 + 紅外相機(jī)　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),野生動(dòng)物調(diào)查面臨著許多現(xiàn)實(shí)困難,隨著很多野生動(dòng)物種群數(shù)量的逐漸減少,甚至于瀕臨滅絕,已經(jīng)很難在野外見到活動(dòng)的野生動(dòng)物。同時(shí)其中有許多動(dòng)物屬于晝伏夜出的,具備較高的隱蔽性,還有一些僅僅生存在少有人出沒的森林和其他生態(tài)環(huán)境中�，F(xiàn)存野生動(dòng)物偵測(cè)設(shè)備很多存在處理速度慢、實(shí)時(shí)性差,可持續(xù)工作時(shí)間短等弊病。隨著電子技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,紅外相機(jī)技術(shù)與數(shù)碼相機(jī)技術(shù)相結(jié)合,生成出新一代數(shù)碼紅外相機(jī)裝置,廣泛應(yīng)用在野生動(dòng)物的種群監(jiān)測(cè)、多樣性調(diào)查和種群密度評(píng)估等科研和保護(hù)工作中。本文針對(duì)目前自然保護(hù)區(qū)監(jiān)測(cè)野生動(dòng)物的困難,設(shè)計(jì)了一種能在惡劣環(huán)境中長(zhǎng)期工作的嵌入式無(wú)線監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)。研究?jī)?nèi)容主要包括:第一,本系統(tǒng)采用圖像處理能力強(qiáng)的雙核微處理器芯片NT96450和無(wú)線通信模塊H330,搭載響應(yīng)速度快的u ITRON實(shí)時(shí)操作系統(tǒng),并選用了帶有超聲電機(jī)自動(dòng)控制焦距的CMOS圖像傳感器。當(dāng)熱釋電紅外傳感器探測(cè)到野生動(dòng)物后觸發(fā)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行圖像和視頻數(shù)據(jù)采集,通過對(duì)采集和處理時(shí)間的優(yōu)化,使系統(tǒng)從上電到采集完圖片所需的時(shí)間保持在1.5s以內(nèi)。第二,在圖像和視頻數(shù)據(jù)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸過程中利用TCP協(xié)議棧來(lái)保證網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)目煽啃�。紅外監(jiān)控相機(jī)將處理后的圖像和視頻,以彩信和郵件的方式即時(shí)上傳給用戶,信號(hào)強(qiáng)度不夠的情況下啟用重發(fā)機(jī)制保證了數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送的成功率。第三,設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)了四大模塊功能,分別是數(shù)據(jù)采集與存儲(chǔ)、參數(shù)設(shè)置、遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控和遠(yuǎn)程報(bào)警等模塊。軟件系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的穩(wěn)定性也較大程度保證了可持續(xù)工作的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度。本文在完成整個(gè)紅外相機(jī)軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)后,還對(duì)系統(tǒng)的主要功能模塊進(jìn)行了功能性測(cè)試和性能測(cè)試。由測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的各個(gè)功能模塊都能正常實(shí)現(xiàn),滿足了嵌入式系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的可靠性、穩(wěn)定性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性。
[Abstract]:For a long time, wildlife investigation has been faced with many practical difficulties. With the decline of the population of many wild animals and even the imminent extinction, it is difficult to see wild animals in the wild. At the same time, many of the animals are nocturnal, with high concealment, and some only exist in the few inhabited forests and other ecological environments. Many of the existing wildlife detection equipment have disadvantages such as slow processing speed, poor real-time, short sustainable working time and so on. With the rapid development of electronic technology, the combination of infrared camera technology and digital camera technology has produced a new generation of digital infrared camera devices, which are widely used in wildlife population monitoring. Diversity survey and population density assessment and other scientific research and conservation work. In view of the difficulties of wildlife monitoring in nature reserves at present, an embedded wireless monitoring system which can work in harsh environment for a long time is designed in this paper. The main research contents are as follows: first, the system uses a dual-core microprocessor chip NT96450 and a wireless communication module H330, which has strong image processing ability, to carry the u ITRON real-time operating system with high response speed. CMOS image sensor with ultrasonic motor automatic control focal length is selected. When the pyroelectric infrared sensor detects wild animals, the system triggers the image and video data acquisition. By optimizing the acquisition and processing time, the time required for the system from power on to finish collecting pictures is kept within 1.5 seconds. Secondly, TCP protocol stack is used to ensure the reliability of network data transmission. Infrared surveillance camera can upload the processed image and video to the user by MMS and email. When the signal intensity is not enough, the retransmission mechanism can ensure the success rate of data transmission. Thirdly, four modules are designed and implemented, which are data acquisition and storage, parameter setting, remote monitoring and remote alarm. The stability of software system also ensures the duration of sustainable work. After completing the design of the whole infrared camera software system, the main function modules of the system are also tested in function and performance. The test results show that each functional module of the system design can be realized normally, which satisfies the reliability, stability and economy of the embedded system design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP317.4

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