本文選題：延遲著色 + 反走樣　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：圖形是連續(xù)的。圖形的光柵化過程,即用離散采樣的像素表示連續(xù)的圖形,必然會引起走樣,具體表現(xiàn)為鋸齒形邊緣、動畫中的閃爍、狹小物體的消失等現(xiàn)象。這些走樣現(xiàn)象與圖形真實感的要求產(chǎn)生了矛盾,因此圖形反走樣一直是實時繪制中的一個研究熱點。本文首先概述了實時繪制中走樣的理論基礎(chǔ),并介紹了基于硬件的各種反走樣算法以及各種后處理反走樣算法。后處理反走樣算法主要包括基于圖像分析的后處理反走樣算法以及基于幾何輔助的后處理反走樣算法。基于圖像分析的反走樣算法的思想是通過圖像處理方法,如啟發(fā)式的形態(tài)學(xué)分析等方法,確定圖像邊界的長度和形狀,然后進(jìn)行圖像濾波。該類方法簡單高效,但是由于濾波方向受邊界方向模板的約束,導(dǎo)致邊界估計并不平滑�；趲缀屋o助分析的反走樣算法的思想是通過存儲場景的高分辨幾何信息,準(zhǔn)確地對場景的幾何邊界進(jìn)行重建,但是這樣會在G-buffer的存儲和訪問上增加開銷,并且忽略了顏色紋理的走樣�；趦深愃惴ǖ幕パa性,本文提出了面向延遲著色的后處理統(tǒng)一反走樣算法。我們繪制兩次屏幕分辨率的場景幾何信息,采用線性重構(gòu)的采樣生成G-buffer。通過判斷深度法向差異將像素分為幾何邊界像素和非幾何邊界像素。對于幾何邊界像素,采用子像素重建反走樣進(jìn)行高質(zhì)量的反走樣濾波。對于非幾何邊界像素,提出了虛擬三角形的思想,利用虛擬三角形來為非幾何邊界像素的反走樣處理提供幾何信息,然后,使用改進(jìn)的子像素級別的形態(tài)學(xué)反走樣算法進(jìn)行濾波。這樣統(tǒng)一了尺度,避免因結(jié)合兩類尺度不一致的算法而導(dǎo)致的交界處過渡不平滑。實驗結(jié)果表明,本文算法有效地結(jié)合了基于幾何輔助反走樣處理的優(yōu)勢與基于圖像分析反走樣處理的優(yōu)勢,在基本保持反走樣質(zhì)量的基礎(chǔ)上,降低了 G-buffer的存儲開銷,提高了反走樣的效率。
[Abstract]:The graphics are continuous. The rasterization process of graphics, in which the discrete sampling pixels are used to represent the continuous graphics, will inevitably lead to the appearance of aliasing, such as sawtooth edges, flickering in animation, disappearance of narrow objects and so on. These aliasing phenomena are contradictory to the requirements of realistic graphics, so the anti-aliasing of graphics is always a hot topic in real time rendering. This paper first summarizes the theoretical basis of aliasing in real-time rendering, and introduces various anti-aliasing algorithms based on hardware and various post-processing anti-aliasing algorithms. Post-processing anti-aliasing algorithm mainly includes post-processing anti-aliasing algorithm based on image analysis and post-processing anti-aliasing algorithm based on geometric assistance. The idea of anti-aliasing algorithm based on image analysis is to determine the length and shape of image boundary by image processing methods such as heuristic morphological analysis and then filter the image. This method is simple and efficient, but the filtering direction is constrained by the boundary direction template, so the boundary estimation is not smooth. The idea of anti-aliasing algorithm based on geometric aided analysis is to reconstruct the geometric boundary of scene accurately by storing the high-resolution geometric information of the scene, but this will increase the cost of storage and access to G-buffer. And ignore the color texture aliasing. Based on the complementarity of the two algorithms, a post-processing unified anti-aliasing algorithm for delayed coloring is proposed. We draw the geometric information of the scene with twice screen resolution and generate G-buffer by linear reconstruction sampling. The pixels are divided into geometric boundary pixels and non-geometric boundary pixels by judging the depth normal difference. For geometric boundary pixels, high quality anti-aliasing filtering is performed by subpixel reconstruction. For non-geometric boundary pixels, the idea of virtual triangles is proposed. Virtual triangles are used to provide geometric information for anti-aliasing processing of non-geometric boundary pixels. The improved subpixel level morphological anti-aliasing algorithm is used to filter. In this way, the scale is unified and the boundary transition is not smooth due to the combination of the two kinds of scale inconsistent algorithms. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm effectively combines the advantages of geometric aided anti-aliasing processing and image analysis-based anti-aliasing processing, and reduces the storage overhead of G-buffer on the basis of maintaining the anti-aliasing quality. The efficiency of anti-aliasing is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP391.41

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本文編號：1815393