本文選題：數(shù)字散斑相關(guān) + 十字搜索法　； 參考：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：數(shù)字散斑相關(guān)測量技術(shù)(Digital Speckle Correlation Method,DSCM)是上世紀(jì)八十年代發(fā)展起來的一種新型光測技術(shù),它的基本原理是通過比較試件變形前后表面散斑圖像的變化,獲得物體表面的位移和應(yīng)變場。經(jīng)過三十多年的發(fā)展,該方法以其全場、非接觸性、高精度、測量敏感、范圍大等優(yōu)點(diǎn)已受到廣泛重視,并已應(yīng)用在航空航天、無損檢測、微尺度變形測量、高溫環(huán)境下的變形測量、電子封裝等眾多領(lǐng)域。數(shù)字散斑相關(guān)方法的首要問題是進(jìn)行整像素搜索,本文首先利用十字搜索法對整像素位移進(jìn)行搜索,由于十字搜索法確定主峰區(qū)的過程比較復(fù)雜,計算量較大,根據(jù)位移的連續(xù)性,本文對主峰區(qū)的選取方式做了改進(jìn),將主峰區(qū)的初值賦值為相鄰點(diǎn)的相關(guān)計算結(jié)果,這樣大大減少了計算量,提高了計算效率。亞像素搜索是數(shù)字散斑相關(guān)技術(shù)中的關(guān)鍵問題,在進(jìn)行亞像素相關(guān)搜索時,本文將基于灰度變化函數(shù)的改進(jìn)的梯度法與曲面擬合法相結(jié)合,灰度變化函數(shù)的引入減弱了光強(qiáng)變化對測量精度的影響,該方法提高了亞像素位移的測量精度,算法的穩(wěn)定性也有所提高。在應(yīng)變求解中,本文選取了計算精度較高、計算量小的最小二乘擬合法來根據(jù)位移計算物體的應(yīng)變量。另外,本文分析了計算子區(qū)大小、插值放大倍數(shù)、噪聲三個因素對數(shù)字散斑相關(guān)方法求解精度的影響。為了驗(yàn)證本文方法的性能,設(shè)計了剛體位移實(shí)驗(yàn)、鋁片拉伸實(shí)驗(yàn)、單孔試件拉伸實(shí)驗(yàn)三個力學(xué)應(yīng)用實(shí)驗(yàn),通過對比理論值和實(shí)驗(yàn)值進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了本文數(shù)字散斑相關(guān)測量方法的有效性和實(shí)用性。
[Abstract]:Digital Speckle Correlation method (DSCM) is a new type of optical measurement technique developed in 1980s. Its basic principle is to obtain the displacement and strain field of object surface by comparing the changes of speckle images before and after deformation. After more than 30 years' development, the method has been widely used in aerospace, non-destructive testing, micro-scale deformation measurement because of its advantages of full field, non-contact, high precision, sensitive measurement and wide range. Deformation measurement in high temperature environment, electronic packaging and many other fields. The primary problem of the digital speckle correlation method is to search the whole pixel. In this paper, the cross search method is used to search the displacement of the whole pixel. Because of the complexity of the process of determining the main peak area by the cross search method, the calculation amount is large. According to the continuity of displacement, this paper improves the selection method of the main peak region, assigns the initial value of the main peak region to the related calculation result of adjacent points, which greatly reduces the calculation amount and improves the calculation efficiency. Subpixel search is a key problem in digital speckle correlation technology. In this paper, the improved gradient method based on gray level change function is combined with the surface fitting method in sub-pixel correlation search. The introduction of gray change function weakens the influence of light intensity change on the measurement accuracy. The method improves the accuracy of subpixel displacement measurement and the stability of the algorithm is also improved. In this paper, the least square fitting method, which has high precision and little calculation, is chosen to calculate the strain of the object according to the displacement. In addition, the effects of three factors, such as the size of the subregion, the interpolation magnification and the noise, on the accuracy of the digital speckle correlation method are analyzed. In order to verify the performance of this method, three mechanical application experiments were designed, including rigid body displacement test, aluminum sheet tensile test and single hole tensile test. The validity and practicability of the digital speckle correlation measurement method are further verified by comparing the theoretical and experimental values.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP391.41

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