本文選題：競(jìng)賽成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定 + 社會(huì)選擇理論��； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,競(jìng)技比賽越來(lái)越多地出現(xiàn)在我們生活的各個(gè)方面。競(jìng)技比賽一方面可以提高選手的身體素質(zhì),另一面可以展現(xiàn)國(guó)家的綜合實(shí)力,因此具有重要的作用。當(dāng)前主觀性競(jìng)技比賽的結(jié)果主要通過(guò)裁判員對(duì)選手的評(píng)分來(lái)進(jìn)行評(píng)定,由于裁判員的不同評(píng)價(jià)準(zhǔn)則和主觀意愿會(huì)一定程度左右比賽的結(jié)果,從而降低了競(jìng)賽成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定的客觀性。很多學(xué)者為了確保競(jìng)賽的成績(jī)具有客觀性,都是從評(píng)分制度上進(jìn)行改革,而沒有考慮到裁判評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一致性問(wèn)題。然而,對(duì)每一位裁判員評(píng)分的合理性做出客觀公正的評(píng)價(jià),并采取一些有效的管理辦法實(shí)施監(jiān)控以保證評(píng)分的公正、準(zhǔn)確,也是值得研究的課題。因此,本文研究在主觀性競(jìng)賽中,如何在裁判評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不一致時(shí)提高競(jìng)賽結(jié)果的公平性。為解決裁判評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不一致而導(dǎo)致不同裁判對(duì)同一個(gè)選手的評(píng)分不具備可比較性的問(wèn)題,本文基于社會(huì)選擇理論,根據(jù)裁判員對(duì)選手的偏好排序而不是傳統(tǒng)評(píng)分來(lái)計(jì)算競(jìng)賽結(jié)果。通過(guò)群體決策和社會(huì)選擇理論來(lái)構(gòu)建裁判員對(duì)選手的不同偏好關(guān)系并計(jì)算選手的整體排序。目前已有的成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定方法幾乎沒有根據(jù)偏好對(duì)競(jìng)賽結(jié)果進(jìn)行排序的,因此,首先需要獲取每個(gè)裁判對(duì)選手的競(jìng)賽評(píng)分;其次,將選手的分?jǐn)?shù)轉(zhuǎn)換成裁判對(duì)選手的偏好排序,并建立選手成對(duì)偏好矩陣;然后根據(jù)成對(duì)偏好矩陣,構(gòu)建一個(gè)有向圖,并計(jì)算最強(qiáng)路徑;最后生成最強(qiáng)路徑矩陣,通過(guò)比較選手之間的最強(qiáng)路徑,得出選手最終排序。與傳統(tǒng)評(píng)分方法相比,Schulze函數(shù)通過(guò)考慮裁判員對(duì)不同選手之間的偏好關(guān)系,構(gòu)建有向圖并計(jì)算最強(qiáng)路徑,從本質(zhì)上講弱化了排名過(guò)程中的操縱性。本文對(duì)Schulze函數(shù)用于競(jìng)賽成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定的適用性和有效性進(jìn)行了理論分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。理論分析對(duì)本文提出的Schulze社會(huì)選擇函數(shù)是否具備公平性、一致性、單調(diào)性和抗操作性進(jìn)行了證明。結(jié)果表明群決策理論中的Schulze函數(shù)體現(xiàn)了多數(shù)準(zhǔn)則,不會(huì)因個(gè)人獨(dú)有的偏好改變最終評(píng)定結(jié)果,可以得到合理的成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定結(jié)果,從而適用于競(jìng)賽成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定。實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了基于Schulze社會(huì)選擇函數(shù)的競(jìng)賽成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定方法的有效性。最后,根據(jù)本文提出的方法,設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了競(jìng)賽成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)競(jìng)賽選手的成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定和綜合排序功能,并能對(duì)所得的競(jìng)賽評(píng)定數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。驗(yàn)證模塊包括了成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定的一致性、單調(diào)性等性質(zhì)和系統(tǒng)性能測(cè)試,表明了社會(huì)選擇函數(shù)評(píng)定方法的有效性和系統(tǒng)的高效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of our social economy, more and more competitive competitions appear in all aspects of our life.On the one hand, competitive competition can improve the players' physical quality, on the other hand, it can show the comprehensive strength of the country, so it plays an important role.At present, the result of subjective competitive competition is mainly evaluated by the referee's score. Because the referee's different evaluation criteria and subjective will will influence the result of the competition to some extent, it reduces the objectivity of the evaluation of the competition result.In order to ensure the objectivity of the results of the competition, many scholars have reformed the scoring system without considering the consistency of the judges' scoring standards.However, making an objective and fair evaluation of the rationality of each referee's score and adopting some effective management methods to ensure the fairness and accuracy of the scoring are also worthy of study.Therefore, this paper studies how to improve the fairness of competition results in subjective competitions.In order to solve the problem that different referees do not have comparable scores on the same player due to inconsistent standards, this paper based on the theory of social choice.The results of the competition are calculated according to the referee's preference for the player rather than the traditional score.Through the theory of group decision and social choice, the referees' different preferences to the players are constructed and the overall ranking of the players is calculated.At present, there is almost no ranking of the result of the competition according to the preference, so, first of all, it is necessary to obtain the competition score of each referee on the contestant; secondly, to convert the score of the player into the preference ranking of the referee to the player.Then a digraph is constructed according to the pair preference matrix and the strongest path is calculated. Finally the strongest path matrix is generated and the final ranking is obtained by comparing the strongest paths between players.Compared with the traditional scoring method, Schulze function constructs digraph and calculates the strongest path by considering the referees' preference to different players, which essentially weakens the maneuverability in the ranking process.In this paper, the applicability and validity of the Schulze function in the evaluation of competition results are analyzed theoretically and experimentally.The theoretical analysis proves whether the Schulze social selection function has fairness, consistency, monotonicity and anti-maneuverability.The results show that the Schulze function in the group decision theory embodies the majority criterion and can not change the final evaluation result because of the individual's unique preference, and can get a reasonable result, which can be applied to the evaluation of competition results.The effectiveness of the evaluation method based on Schulze social selection function is verified by experiments.Finally, according to the method proposed in this paper, a competition score evaluation system is designed and implemented. The system realizes the performance evaluation and comprehensive sorting function of the contestants, and can verify the competition evaluation data.The verification module includes the consistency of performance evaluation, monotonicity and system performance testing, which shows the effectiveness of the social selection function evaluation method and the high efficiency of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP311.52

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