本文選題：攝像機(jī)標(biāo)定　切入點(diǎn)：立體視覺距　出處：《長(zhǎng)春工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：人機(jī)交互技術(shù),主要含有所視部分的跟蹤,聲音的識(shí)別,手勢(shì)的識(shí)別等等的各種技術(shù)融合在一起的一種技術(shù)。其中,所視部分的跟蹤是這個(gè)領(lǐng)域中最新出現(xiàn)的技術(shù)引起了國內(nèi)外研究者的濃厚興趣,這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)的出現(xiàn),吸引了人們的目光,也是此領(lǐng)域向前發(fā)展的項(xiàng)目之一。當(dāng)前,所視部分的追蹤設(shè)備多是基于紅外光源來定位視線位置或者讓被觀察者戴著特別的頭盔來檢測(cè)眼部運(yùn)動(dòng),對(duì)被觀察者都有干擾。本文圍繞著視線跟蹤這個(gè)主題,提出了基于非紅外光學(xué)攝像機(jī)的視線追蹤技術(shù)。主要探討了立體視覺標(biāo)定、測(cè)距和人臉檢測(cè)、特征點(diǎn)檢測(cè)、視線方向的計(jì)算等等與此有關(guān)的話題。第一,簡(jiǎn)單的概括了一下人機(jī)交互技術(shù)的發(fā)展歷程,和計(jì)算機(jī)視覺的相關(guān)理論形成的過程。其次,還簡(jiǎn)單的概括了一下所視部分的追蹤技術(shù)的概念,和怎樣運(yùn)用這項(xiàng)技術(shù),分析他的研究的成果,和未來的發(fā)展走向。與此同時(shí),告訴大家本文為何研究此內(nèi)容和怎樣研究此內(nèi)容。第二,探索了雙目CCD立體視覺測(cè)標(biāo)定及測(cè)距理論和攝像機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,總結(jié)了常用的攝像機(jī)標(biāo)定方法,并對(duì)雙目CCD系統(tǒng)測(cè)距建立數(shù)學(xué)模型,分析其系統(tǒng)誤差。在此基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用基于BP的雙目CCD標(biāo)定算法,作為測(cè)距系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。再次,研究了人臉及人臉特征檢測(cè)技術(shù)。首先利用人臉膚色模型,把人臉與背景區(qū)分開來,利用人臉的幾何特征,排除與膚色相近的非人臉區(qū)域,得到人臉區(qū)域,在人臉區(qū)域內(nèi)進(jìn)行眼睛的粗定位。然后將圖像灰度化,用Sobel算子求出灰度圖像的梯度信息,再利用基于圓檢測(cè)的梯度Hough變換快速定位出人眼,內(nèi)眼角和嘴角的提取則采用SUSAN算子。最后,提出了視線方向計(jì)算方法。借助眼球的數(shù)學(xué)模型以及雙目CCD測(cè)距技術(shù),根據(jù)兩內(nèi)眼角和兩嘴角建立人臉平面,并根據(jù)歷史實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算出眼球中心在人臉平面坐標(biāo)系中的坐標(biāo),再計(jì)算出被觀察著照片中人眼中心的坐標(biāo),那么眼球中心與人眼中心連線的方向就是所要求的視線方向。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,平均的視線偏差角度為7.65°。
[Abstract]:Human-Computer interaction (HCI) is a kind of technology which includes tracking of the viewing part, recognition of sound, recognition of gesture and so on.Among them, the tracking of the viewing part is the new technology in this field, which has attracted the attention of people, and is also one of the forward development projects in this field.At present, most of the tracking devices are based on infrared light source to locate the position of the line of sight or to allow the observer to wear a special helmet to detect eye movement, which interferes with the observed.Focusing on the subject of line of sight tracking, this paper proposes a line of sight tracking technique based on non-infrared optical camera.This paper mainly discusses stereo vision calibration, ranging and face detection, feature point detection, line of sight calculation and so on.First, briefly summarizes the development of human-computer interaction technology, and the formation of computer vision theory.Secondly, it briefly summarizes the concept of tracking technology in the visual part, and how to use this technology to analyze the results of his research and the development trend in the future.At the same time, tell you why this article and how to study this content.Secondly, the theory of binocular CCD stereo vision calibration and ranging and the mathematical model of camera are explored, and the commonly used camera calibration methods are summarized. The mathematical model of binocular CCD system is established and its system error is analyzed.On this basis, the binocular CCD calibration algorithm based on BP is used as the mathematical model of the ranging system.Thirdly, face and face feature detection techniques are studied.Firstly, the facial color model is used to distinguish the face from the background, and the geometric features of the face are used to eliminate the non-face region similar to the skin color, and then the face region is obtained, and the coarse eye location is carried out in the face region.Then the grayscale image is grayscale and the gradient information of grayscale image is obtained by Sobel operator, then the human eye is located quickly by gradient Hough transform based on circle detection, and the SUSAN operator is used to extract the angle of inner eye and mouth.Finally, the calculation method of line of sight direction is put forward.With the help of the mathematical model of eyeball and binocular CCD ranging technology, the face plane is established according to the angle of two inner eyes and two corners of mouth, and the coordinates of eye center in face plane coordinate system are calculated according to the historical experimental data.Then calculate the coordinates of the center of the eye and the center of the eye, and the direction of the eye center is the direction of the line of sight.The experimental results show that the average angle of line of sight deviation is 7.65 擄.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)春工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.41

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