本文關(guān)鍵詞： 個(gè)性化練習(xí) 自適應(yīng)測試 應(yīng)用研究 反饋　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：《國家中長期教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要(2010-2020)》中指出"要減輕中小學(xué)生課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān),過重的課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)嚴(yán)重?fù)p害青少年身心健康",但為了追求成績與升學(xué)率,"題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)"在教學(xué)過程中仍然比較常見,中小學(xué)的作業(yè)情況存在量大、重復(fù)做和"一刀切"等實(shí)際問題,根據(jù)學(xué)生個(gè)體的水平做針對(duì)性的練習(xí)是解決以上問題的有效策略�？梢哉f,為滿足減輕學(xué)生負(fù)擔(dān)的需求,在個(gè)性化學(xué)習(xí)的指導(dǎo)思想下,在教育信息化的發(fā)展浪潮下,個(gè)性化練習(xí)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。讓學(xué)生做最少的題,最有效地幫助學(xué)生提高,這是個(gè)性化練習(xí)追求的目標(biāo)。如何向?qū)W生推薦練習(xí)題才能達(dá)到這樣的目標(biāo),是個(gè)性化練習(xí)的核心所在,也是個(gè)性化練習(xí)需要解決的關(guān)鍵問題。Lord在1970年提出,當(dāng)某道題對(duì)學(xué)生來說既不是太難又不是太容易時(shí),這道題對(duì)于該生來說就是好題,這就是自適應(yīng)測試的核心思想,筆者認(rèn)為這一思想在個(gè)性化練習(xí)中同樣適用。本文在分析自適應(yīng)測試思想應(yīng)用于個(gè)性化練習(xí)的可行性的基礎(chǔ)上,從個(gè)性化練習(xí)的需求出發(fā),對(duì)CAT和MST進(jìn)行比較并確定將CAT的選題策略和MST的題組形式相結(jié)合作為個(gè)性化練習(xí)的選題機(jī)制,并增加對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)效果有強(qiáng)大影響力的反饋因素,以期幫助學(xué)生更好地消化個(gè)性化練習(xí)選擇的題目。于是,形成了本文提出的應(yīng)用自適應(yīng)測試思想的個(gè)性化練習(xí)。闡述應(yīng)用自適應(yīng)測試思想的個(gè)性化練習(xí)的組成要素、操作步驟及特點(diǎn)后,投入準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,采用不相等實(shí)驗(yàn)組對(duì)照組前測后測設(shè)計(jì),選取上海市某中學(xué)同一教師教的兩個(gè)原始班級(jí)開展實(shí)驗(yàn),以某中學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科初二年級(jí)"二次根式"章節(jié)為例進(jìn)行效果檢驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明,應(yīng)用自適應(yīng)測試思想的個(gè)性化練習(xí)可以有效提高學(xué)生的能力水平和成績。
[Abstract]:The outline of the National medium- and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Program 2010-2020 points out that "it is necessary to lighten the burden of schoolwork for primary and secondary school students." The heavy burden of school work seriously harms the physical and mental health of young people. "but in order to pursue the achievement and promotion rate, the" inscription strategy "is still quite common in the teaching process. There are many practical problems in the homework situation in primary and secondary schools, such as large quantities of homework, repeated work and" one-size-fits-all ", etc. It can be said that in order to meet the needs of lightening the burden of students, under the guiding ideology of individualized learning, under the tide of the development of educational information, it is an effective strategy to solve the above problems according to the students' individual level. Individuation exercises emerge as the times require. Let students do the least number of questions, most effectively help students improve, this is the goal pursued by individualized exercises. How to recommend exercises to students to achieve such goals is the core of individualized exercises. In 1970, Lord suggested that when a problem is neither too difficult nor too easy for a student, it is a good one for the student, and this is the core idea of adaptive testing. The author thinks that this idea is also applicable in the individuation exercise. Based on the analysis of the feasibility of applying the adaptive test thought to the individualized exercise, this paper starts from the demand of the individualized exercise. This paper compares CAT with MST and determines the combination of CAT's topic selection strategy and MST's question group form as the topic selection mechanism of individualized exercises, and increases the feedback factors which have a strong influence on the learning effect. In order to help students digest the topic of individualized exercise selection better, the individualized exercise of applying adaptive test thought proposed in this paper is formed, and the constituent elements of individualized exercise of applying adaptive test thought are expounded. After the operation step and characteristic, put into the quasi experiment research, adopt the pre-test and post-test design of the unequal experimental group control group, select two original classes taught by the same teacher in a middle school in Shanghai to carry out the experiment. Taking the "second root" chapter of a middle school mathematics subject as an example, the result shows that the individualized exercise with adaptive test idea can effectively improve the students' ability and achievement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G434;G633.6

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