本文關鍵詞： 輪廓線 三維重建 組件化 控制點網(wǎng) 視覺感知　出處：《青島科技大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：基于單幅圖像的三維重建是虛擬現(xiàn)實、計算機圖形學等領域的重要研究內(nèi)容,從單幅二維圖像恢復出三維信息本身屬于逆向工程,存在多義性的病態(tài)問題,可以用輪廓、亮度、紋理、明暗、交互、運動、變焦等方法進行三維重建。但是,重建效率低和精度不高仍然是研究中存在的核心問題。本文對單幅圖像中正側(cè)視圖的物體進行建模,提出了基于輪廓線的自動三維重建方法。首先對輸入圖像進行預處理,然后根據(jù)物體的不同形態(tài)特征,選擇使用對應的組件化建模算法,完成三維重建。主要工作包括:(1)詳細闡述了基于輪廓線三維重建的預處理操作。通過比較Graph Cut算法和GrabCut算法的優(yōu)劣,選擇更優(yōu)秀的GrabCut算法進行圖像分割;提出了基于道格拉斯普克(Douglas Peucker)算法的距離插值方式的輪廓點重采樣方法;采用快速細化算法提取目標輪廓的骨架,為三維建模提供有效的輪廓和骨架信息。(2)根據(jù)人類視覺感知原理,提出了基于控制點網(wǎng)的組件化建模算法,通過觀察主體組件的形態(tài)特點,結合人體視覺感知,提出了控制點網(wǎng)建模的思路。首先綜合考慮輪廓曲率,最近點、交點分別與輪廓點連線的長度和角度關系,選擇構建最優(yōu)點對,并在最優(yōu)點對連線上設置控制點,經(jīng)過連線構成二維控制點網(wǎng);然后,以人類視覺感知為基礎構建三維提升曲線,對二維控制點進行空間提升,進而對其進行優(yōu)化和空間三角剖分,構建三角網(wǎng)格模型;側(cè)肢組件由于結構和形態(tài)存在較大差異,又細分為對稱流線型和一般結構兩種類型分別建模。最后對主體和側(cè)肢組件模型進行合并和紋理映射等操作來完成建模。實驗表明,基于輪廓線的分組件建模方法效率高、建模效果好。(3)搭建3DCreator系統(tǒng)平臺驗證上述算法和技術。給出了多種物體的建模結果,并進行了功能和性能測試。系統(tǒng)集成了CGAL平臺,可對重建后的三維模型進行細節(jié)優(yōu)化、編輯等后處理。本文提出的基于輪廓線的自動三維重建方法,可為用戶提供方便、快速、所見即所得的建模體驗,支持三維打印、虛實交互、計算機動畫等具體應用。
[Abstract]:3D reconstruction based on single image is an important research content in virtual reality, computer graphics and other fields. It is reverse engineering to recover 3D information from single two-dimensional image, and there is a morbid problem of ambiguity, which can be used for contour, brightness, etc. Texture, shading, interaction, motion, zoom and so on. However, the low efficiency and low precision of reconstruction are still the core problems in the research. In this paper, the object of the orthotropic image in a single image is modeled. In this paper, an automatic 3D reconstruction method based on contour is proposed. Firstly, the input image is preprocessed, and then according to the different morphological features of the object, the corresponding component-based modeling algorithm is selected. The main work includes: 1) the preprocessing operation based on contour 3D reconstruction is described in detail. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of Graph Cut algorithm and GrabCut algorithm, the better GrabCut algorithm is selected for image segmentation. Based on Douglas Peucker (Douglas Peucker) algorithm, a method of resampling contour points based on distance interpolation is proposed, and a fast thinning algorithm is used to extract the skeleton of target contour. According to the principle of human visual perception, a component-based modeling algorithm based on control point network is proposed. The idea of modeling control point network is put forward. Firstly, considering the relationship between contour curvature, nearest point, intersection point and the length and angle of contour point line, the optimal pair is selected and the control point is set on the optimal pair line. Then, the three-dimensional lifting curve is constructed based on human visual perception, and then the two-dimensional control points are optimized and triangulated to construct a triangular mesh model. Because of the great differences in structure and shape, the lateral limb assembly is subdivided into two types: symmetric streamline and general structure. Finally, the main body and side limb component models are modeled by merging and texture mapping. The experimental results show that, The component modeling method based on contour line is efficient and the modeling effect is good. The 3D reator system platform is built to verify the above algorithms and techniques. The modeling results of various objects are given, and the function and performance are tested. The system integrates the CGAL platform. The automatic 3D reconstruction method based on contour can provide users with convenient, fast and WYSIWYG modeling experience, and can support 3D printing. Virtual real interaction, computer animation and other specific applications.
【學位授予單位】：青島科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP391.41

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