本文關(guān)鍵詞： 混沌激光 物理隨機數(shù) 延時比較 脈沖調(diào)制　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨機數(shù)被普遍應(yīng)用于科學(xué)研究和日常生活中,例如模擬仿真、雷達測距、通信系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量檢測和博彩樂透等。特別在信息安全領(lǐng)域中,隨機數(shù)常被用作密鑰對明文信息進行加密。根據(jù)香農(nóng)(Shannon)的“一次一密”理論,為實現(xiàn)絕對安全的保密通信就需要大量的、碼率不低于通信速率的隨機數(shù),且需要保證隨機數(shù)的不可預(yù)測性。利用一定的算法可以產(chǎn)生高速的“偽”隨機數(shù),但它的長度有限、可以被預(yù)測,無法保證所加密信息的絕對安全性。采用自然界隨機現(xiàn)象作為物理熵源,可產(chǎn)生無限長度、不可預(yù)測的物理隨機數(shù)(又稱真隨機數(shù)),但受限于傳統(tǒng)物理熵源的帶寬,碼率為Mbit/s量級,距離現(xiàn)代通信速率有很大差距。近年來,采用寬帶光子熵源——混沌激光產(chǎn)生高速物理隨機數(shù)取得了突破性的進展,將隨機數(shù)產(chǎn)生速率提升至幾百Gbit/s、甚至Tbit/s的量級。然而,現(xiàn)有技術(shù)均使用電ADC對混沌信號進行采樣和量化,繼而進行后續(xù)處理。但是,電時鐘的電子抖動限制了ADC的處理速度,并對ADC及后續(xù)處理器件(如異或門)之間的同步提出了嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。在國家自然科學(xué)基金科學(xué)儀器基礎(chǔ)研究�？铐椖俊案咚偃庹骐S機數(shù)發(fā)生器研制(項目編號:61227016)”資助下,本文主要研究利用混沌激光的在線實時產(chǎn)生高速物理隨機數(shù)的方法。整個信號處理過程中不需要使用電時鐘以及后續(xù)處理器件,解決了現(xiàn)有實時物理隨機數(shù)提取技術(shù)中受限于電子時鐘的電子抖動的問題,同時避免了需要精確調(diào)節(jié)量化閾值的技術(shù)局限。本文完成了以下的工作:1.通過介紹隨機數(shù)在日常生活與科學(xué)研究中的應(yīng)用,說明了研究隨機數(shù)的重要意義;介紹目前物理隨機數(shù)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,總結(jié)了常見的物理隨機數(shù)產(chǎn)生方法,并且著重對利用混沌激光產(chǎn)生物理隨機數(shù)的方法進行了對比分析。2.提出了一種基于混沌激光的在線實時產(chǎn)生高速物理隨機數(shù)的方法。并以光反饋半導(dǎo)體激光器作為物理熵源,對所提方法進行了原理性的實驗證明,在線實時產(chǎn)生了速率為7 Gbit/s的物理隨機數(shù),并且通過了隨機數(shù)行業(yè)測試標準(NIST SP 800-22)。3.在本文所提的基于混沌激光的一位隨機數(shù)提取方案基礎(chǔ)上,制作了全光量化器樣機。采用了延遲比較和脈沖調(diào)制的方法,將輸入的幅度隨機變化的光脈沖信號量化為光隨機碼信號,在輸出端呈現(xiàn)為光脈沖信號的隨機有無變化。其技術(shù)指標有:輸出信號類型為光信號,工作波段為1550 nm,輸出碼型為歸零碼,碼率為10 Gbit/s,消光比大于10 dB。4.對本文的工作內(nèi)容進行了總結(jié),并展望了未來可能的發(fā)展方向。
[Abstract]:Random numbers are widely used in scientific research and daily life, such as simulation, radar ranging, communication system quality detection, lottery, etc., especially in the field of information security, Random numbers are often used as keys to encrypt plaintext information. According to Shannon's "once at a time" theory, a large number of random numbers with a bit rate of no less than the rate of communication is required to achieve an absolute secure secure communication. And we need to ensure the unpredictability of random number. Using certain algorithm, we can produce high speed "pseudo" random number, but its length is limited, and it can be predicted. It is impossible to guarantee the absolute security of the encrypted information. The use of random phenomena in nature as physical entropy source can produce infinite length and unpredictable physical random numbers (also called true random numbers), but limited by the bandwidth of traditional physical entropy sources. The bit rate is of the order of Mbit/s, which is far from the modern communication rate. In recent years, the use of broadband photon entropy source-chaotic laser to generate high-speed physical random numbers has made a breakthrough. The random number generation rate is raised to the order of several hundred Gbit / s, or even Tbit/s. However, existing techniques enable electric ADC to sample and quantify chaotic signals and then process them later. However, the electronic jitter of electric clocks limits the processing speed of ADC. The synchronization between ADC and subsequent processing devices (such as XOR gate) is also challenged. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Science instrument Foundation project "High Speed All-optical True Random number Generator (Project No.: 61227016)", In this paper, the method of generating high speed physical random numbers in real time by using chaotic laser is studied. There is no need for electric clock and subsequent processing devices in the whole signal processing process. The problem of electronic jitter limited by electronic clock in existing physical random number extraction technology is solved. At the same time, it avoids the technical limitation that needs to adjust the quantization threshold accurately. This paper completes the following work: 1. By introducing the application of random numbers in daily life and scientific research, the importance of studying random numbers is explained. This paper introduces the development of physical random numbers and summarizes the common methods of generating physical random numbers. The method of generating physical random number by chaotic laser is compared and analyzed. 2. A method of real-time generation of high speed physical random number based on chaotic laser is proposed. The optical feedback semiconductor laser is used as the physical entropy source. The experimental results show that the physical random numbers with a rate of 7 Gbit/s are generated in real time. And the NIST SP 800-2200-220.3.Based on the scheme of extracting random number based on chaotic laser, a prototype of all-optical quantizer is made. The methods of delay comparison and pulse modulation are adopted. The input optical pulse signal with randomly varying amplitude is transformed into a light random code signal, and the output signal is presented as a random change of the optical pulse signal at the output end. The technical specifications are as follows: the output signal type is an optical signal, The working band is 1550 nm, the output code type is return-to-zero code, the code rate is 10 Gbit / s, the extinction ratio is more than 10 dB.4.The work content of this paper is summarized, and the possible future development is prospected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP309

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