本文關(guān)鍵詞： 復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò) 軟件網(wǎng)絡(luò)復(fù)雜性 拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu) 度量體系　出處：《沈陽(yáng)師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：軟件系統(tǒng)本身內(nèi)部構(gòu)造復(fù)雜,同時(shí)由于人們對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)需求量的不斷加大,使軟件內(nèi)部系統(tǒng)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)不易控制、多變、無(wú)規(guī)則等現(xiàn)象,如何認(rèn)識(shí)、開(kāi)發(fā)、設(shè)計(jì)、控制、降低軟件系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的復(fù)雜性就成為了大型軟件工程系統(tǒng)所要面臨的問(wèn)題與挑戰(zhàn)。研究者通過(guò)分析、量化、度量等方法將軟件系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜性等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行處理,發(fā)現(xiàn)軟件系統(tǒng)一系列的設(shè)計(jì)與復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論有緊密的聯(lián)系,從具體和抽象的角度與方法上來(lái)深入研究和證明軟件系統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)特征以及演變規(guī)律。將大型軟件系統(tǒng)看作為復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò),利用復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論能夠找到一些潛藏在軟件系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)中的一些不變的規(guī)律和普遍的模式,在一定程度上促進(jìn)了對(duì)軟件系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜性等多方面的了解以及控制,對(duì)軟件系統(tǒng)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)分析、網(wǎng)絡(luò)建模分析以及優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)等方面都有了重要的研究意義。軟件系統(tǒng)可以應(yīng)用網(wǎng)絡(luò)化構(gòu)建模型進(jìn)行本質(zhì)特征表達(dá)的方法。構(gòu)造建模成源代碼解析以及可視化工具實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)映射,將復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論引入軟件系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)分析中,選取了度量樣本軟件的度分布、聚集系數(shù)、平均最短路徑、介數(shù)等多個(gè)不同規(guī)模的軟件參數(shù)進(jìn)行數(shù)值分析,對(duì)所測(cè)量的大量的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算與分析,從不同的方面以及不同的測(cè)試中得出聚集系數(shù)較大以及最短路徑較小的顯示結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)軟件系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)具有“無(wú)尺度”和“小世界”特征,拓?fù)涮卣鹘沂玖藵摬卦谲浖䞍?nèi)部的設(shè)計(jì)思想。并舉例一個(gè)大型軟件系統(tǒng)加以測(cè)量分析驗(yàn)證。軟件系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性與軟件質(zhì)量有著密切的關(guān)系,軟件系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性也體現(xiàn)在部件與部件間的復(fù)雜關(guān)系,為了更好的研究和度量這種復(fù)雜關(guān)系,將軟件系統(tǒng)通過(guò)用復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)的形式抽象進(jìn)行研究,提出耦合和內(nèi)聚是反映軟件穩(wěn)定性的基本指標(biāo)。通過(guò)描述CK度量、MOOD度量等幾個(gè)傳統(tǒng)測(cè)度手段特性,提出了基于復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)大型軟件系統(tǒng)的二維測(cè)度體系,重新定義了度量方法,分別為類節(jié)點(diǎn)度量以及系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)度量,并利用幾個(gè)典型的開(kāi)源軟件來(lái)驗(yàn)證度量體系的合理性,更加量化了軟件質(zhì)量的評(píng)價(jià),有效的控制大型軟件系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜性,使軟件系統(tǒng)能夠被更好的應(yīng)用在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。
[Abstract]:The internal structure of the software system itself is complex, at the same time, because of the increasing demand for the network, the software internal system often appears difficult to control, changeable, no rules and other phenomena, how to understand, develop, design. Controlling and reducing the complexity of software system has become the problem and challenge of large-scale software engineering system. Researchers deal with the complexity of software system by means of analysis, quantification, measurement and so on. It is found that the design of a series of software systems is closely related to the theory of complex networks. From the concrete and abstract point of view and method to deeply study and prove the static characteristics and evolution law of software system. The large-scale software system is regarded as a complex network. Using the complex network theory, we can find some invariant laws and general patterns hidden in the internal structure of software system. To some extent, it promotes the understanding and control of software system internal structure complexity, and analyzes the software system topology structure. The analysis of network modeling and optimization of system structure are of great significance. Software system can use the method of network modeling to express essential features. The software system can be constructed into source code analysis and visualization. Tool to implement structural mapping. The complex network theory is introduced into the software system structure analysis, and several software parameters, such as degree distribution, aggregation coefficient, average shortest path, medium and so on, are selected for numerical analysis. A large number of measured data are calculated and analyzed, from different aspects and different tests, the large aggregation coefficient and the shortest path of the display results are obtained. It is found that the internal structure of the software system has the characteristics of "no scale" and "small world". The topological features reveal the design idea hidden in the software, and give an example of a large-scale software system to be measured and verified. The complexity of the software system is closely related to the software quality. The complexity of software system is also reflected in the complex relationship between components and components. In order to better study and measure the complex relationship, the software system is studied by abstracting the form of complex network. It is proposed that coupling and cohesion are the basic indexes to reflect the stability of software, and several traditional measurement methods such as CK metric and mod metric are described. This paper presents a two-dimensional measurement system based on complex network large-scale software system, and redefines the measurement methods, which are class node metrics and system structure metrics. And using several typical open source software to verify the rationality of the measurement system, more quantitative evaluation of software quality, effectively control the complexity of the internal structure of large-scale software systems. So that the software system can be better applied in various fields.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP311.5;O157.5

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本文編號(hào)：1493261