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  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 殘損航空器搬移拖車 協(xié)同仿真 拓撲優(yōu)化 導(dǎo)重準則 動態(tài)特性　出處：《中國民航大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：殘損航空器搬移拖車是大型機場必備的特種車輛,主要用途為飛機發(fā)生重大事故后,迅速將飛機搬離事故現(xiàn)場,為恢復(fù)機場正常運行提供保障。懸掛系統(tǒng)作為拖車的核心組成部分,它的機液協(xié)同性能對整車的承載性能和行駛安全性有至關(guān)重要的作用。因此,對拖車的機械系統(tǒng)、液壓系統(tǒng)的協(xié)同仿真具有十分重要的研究意義。本文以殘損航空器搬移拖車的懸掛系統(tǒng)為研究對象,以虛擬樣機軟件ADAMS為應(yīng)用平臺,結(jié)合對懸掛系統(tǒng)的機液協(xié)同仿真分析,從提高懸架大臂結(jié)構(gòu)強度和輕量化的角度,對懸臂進行拓撲優(yōu)化的研究,并對優(yōu)化后的結(jié)構(gòu)進行整車協(xié)同仿真,分析懸臂優(yōu)化前后拖車動態(tài)特性的變化。主要研究工作如下:首先將搬移拖車懸掛系統(tǒng)的三維模型導(dǎo)進ADAMS軟件中,然后在液壓仿真軟件AMESim中建立了懸掛系統(tǒng)的液壓原理圖,通過創(chuàng)建軟件間的接口模塊,將模型的機械系統(tǒng)和液壓系統(tǒng)聯(lián)合起來,最終建立懸掛系統(tǒng)機液協(xié)同仿真模型,獲得了懸臂的動力學(xué)參數(shù),為接下來結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化做準備。然后提出一種新的分式冪函數(shù)插值模型,結(jié)合導(dǎo)重準則法進行拓撲優(yōu)化的研究,其優(yōu)化結(jié)果要優(yōu)于工程中常用的SIMP和RAMP兩種插值模型,后者的優(yōu)化結(jié)果都過度依賴于懲罰因子而致使結(jié)果不清晰。在研究密度插值理論的基礎(chǔ)上,推導(dǎo)了位移約束下,以結(jié)構(gòu)質(zhì)量最小為優(yōu)化目標的準則公式,并將該方法運用到懸臂的拓撲優(yōu)化中,同時對比優(yōu)化軟件Optistruct獲得的懸臂拓撲形貌,得知本文采用的算法優(yōu)化效果更好。最后通過模態(tài)分析對比懸臂優(yōu)化前后的固有頻率,結(jié)果顯示其抗振性能有較大提升。將優(yōu)化后的懸臂進行機液協(xié)同仿真,最終獲得了搬移拖車的振動曲線,對比懸臂優(yōu)化前拖車振動特性的變化,表明拖車優(yōu)化后的振動平穩(wěn)性有所提高。
[Abstract]:The damaged aircraft moving trailer is the necessary special vehicle in large airport. The main purpose is to remove the aircraft from the scene of the accident quickly after the serious accident of the aircraft. In order to restore the normal operation of the airport to provide protection. Suspension system as the core part of the trailer, its mechanical and hydraulic coordination performance is very important to the load bearing performance and driving safety of the whole vehicle. It is very important to study the mechanical system of trailer and the collaborative simulation of hydraulic system. In this paper, the suspension system of damaged aircraft moving trailer is taken as the research object. Taking the virtual prototype software ADAMS as the application platform, combined with the simulation analysis of the suspension system, the topology optimization of the cantilever is studied from the angle of improving the structure strength and lightening of the suspension arm. And the optimized structure of the vehicle collaborative simulation. The main research work is as follows: firstly, the three-dimensional model of trailer suspension system is introduced into ADAMS software. Then the hydraulic principle diagram of the suspension system is established in the hydraulic simulation software AMESim. By creating the interface module between the software, the mechanical system of the model and the hydraulic system are combined. Finally, the simulation model of the suspension system was established, and the dynamic parameters of the cantilever were obtained. Then a new fractional power function interpolation model was proposed. The optimization results are better than that of SIMP and RAMP interpolation models, which are commonly used in engineering. The optimization results of the latter are too dependent on the penalty factor, which results in unclear results. Based on the density interpolation theory, the criterion formula of the minimum structure mass is derived under displacement constraints. The method is applied to the topology optimization of the cantilever, and the topology of the cantilever obtained by the optimization software Optistruct is compared. Finally, the natural frequencies of the cantilever before and after optimization are compared by modal analysis. The results show that the anti-vibration performance of the optimized cantilever can be greatly improved. Finally, the vibration curve of the moving trailer is obtained. Compared with the change of the vibration characteristics of the trailer before the cantilever optimization, it shows that the vibration stability of the trailer after the optimization is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：V351.35;TP391.9

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本文編號：1443802