【摘要】：為解決近場聲全息(NAH)聲場測量時,測量噪聲降低近場聲全息重建精度、影響聲場重建的實現(xiàn)的問題,本文通過對基于近場聲全息噪聲源識別方法的理論研究,提出一種基于NAH的噪聲源識別方法,旨在準確識別和定位車輛噪聲源。本文的主要內(nèi)容主要有以下幾個部分:第一部分首先說明論文研究的目的和意義,接著在基礎(chǔ)理論部分對波動方程、赫姆霍茲-基爾霍夫積分定理的聲輻射理論、瑞利積分等公式對連續(xù)NAH及NAH離散化公式進行推導(dǎo);最后對NAH進行仿真分析,探討全息測量孔徑、重建距離、采樣間隔等不同重建參數(shù)對聲場重建結(jié)果的影響。第二部分論文基于傳遞函數(shù)法,提出一種基于傳遞函數(shù)估計的NAH技術(shù)。首先引入一種合理的傳遞函數(shù)估計,結(jié)合參考傳聲器信號來求解全息面復(fù)聲壓,再根據(jù)聲場重建公式進行NAH聲場重建。對該方法與傳統(tǒng)NAH的噪聲源識別效果進行試驗對比來驗證該方法的可行性及有效性,為后文該方法在車輛噪聲源識別中的應(yīng)用作了鋪墊。第三部分對熵及奇異值分解的基本理論和性質(zhì)進行研究,采用雙測量面方式進行聲場的測量,提出基于奇異值能量熵的雙測量面NAH聲源識別。并給出具體仿真方案設(shè)計流程,最后在存在測量噪聲的情況下,對基于奇異值能量熵的雙測量面NAH聲源識別進行方法的仿真驗證。第四部分對基于傳遞函數(shù)估計及奇異值能量熵的雙測量面NAH試驗系統(tǒng)進行設(shè)計,以某拖拉機前端為研究對象,進行雙測量面近場聲場測量試驗,利用前面所述的聲源識別算法進行噪聲源識別的試驗研究及分析,給出試驗結(jié)果、結(jié)論;對比分析本文所用方法與傳統(tǒng)方法實驗結(jié)果,進一步對本文所用方法的優(yōu)越性和可靠性進行驗證。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem that the measurement noise reduces the accuracy of the near-field acoustic holography reconstruction and affects the realization of the acoustic field reconstruction in the near field acoustic holography (NAH) acoustic field measurement, this paper studies the theory of the recognition method based on the near-field acoustic holographic noise source. A noise source recognition method based on NAH is proposed to accurately identify and locate vehicle noise sources. The main contents of this paper are as follows: in the first part, the purpose and significance of the research are explained, and then the sound radiation theory of the wave equation, Hem Holtzhoff integral theorem, is discussed in the basic theory. The continuous NAH and NAH discretization formulas are deduced by Rayleigh integral and other formulas. Finally, the effects of different reconstruction parameters, such as holographic measurement aperture, reconstruction distance and sampling interval, on the results of acoustic field reconstruction are discussed by simulation and analysis of NAH. In the second part, based on transfer function method, a NAH technique based on transfer function estimation is proposed. First, a reasonable transfer function estimation is introduced to solve the complex sound pressure of holographic plane with reference microphone signal, and then the NAH sound field reconstruction is carried out according to the sound field reconstruction formula. The comparison between the method and the traditional NAH method is carried out to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method, which lays the groundwork for the application of this method in vehicle noise source identification. In the third part, the basic theory and properties of entropy and singular value decomposition are studied, the sound field is measured by double measurement plane, and the NAH acoustic source recognition based on singular value energy entropy is proposed. The design flow of the simulation scheme is given. Finally, the method of NAH acoustic source recognition based on singular value energy entropy is verified in the presence of measurement noise. In the fourth part, a dual measurement plane NAH test system based on transfer function estimation and singular value energy entropy is designed. Taking the front end of a tractor as a research object, the near field acoustic field measurement test of two measuring surfaces is carried out. The experimental research and analysis of the noise source recognition are carried out by using the sound source recognition algorithm mentioned above, and the experimental results and conclusions are given. The advantages and reliability of the methods used in this paper are verified by comparing the experimental results of the methods used in this paper with those of the traditional methods.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U467.493

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