【摘要】：隨著全球石油消耗的增加能源危機越發(fā)嚴(yán)重,環(huán)境污染問題也日益加重。電動汽車因其具有零排放、噪聲低、污染少等優(yōu)點,使得大力發(fā)展電動汽車成為解決當(dāng)前資源與環(huán)境問題的重要途徑。當(dāng)前制約電動汽車發(fā)展的主要因素為續(xù)駛里程短、電池壽命短、使用成本高等,從近期來看制動能量回收技術(shù)是解決這一問題最直接最行之有效的方法。通過制動能量回收系統(tǒng)回收電動汽車在制動過程中的能量并將其儲存到蓄電池中,從而增加續(xù)駛里程進一步降低電池使用成本。研究能量回收率高的制動能量回收系統(tǒng)是增加續(xù)駛里程的最有效方法。本文在對制動能量回收系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)與原理研究以及永磁直流電機工作狀態(tài)與發(fā)電原理研究的基礎(chǔ)上,著重研究了制動力分配對能量回收率的影響,明確了電機再生制動力的分配將直接影響到能量回收率的大小,并建立了本文的制動力分配策略。為保證與傳統(tǒng)汽車機械摩擦式制動的一致性進而提高制動過程中的穩(wěn)定性與舒適性,本文在建立最大能量回收率制動力分配策略的基礎(chǔ)上對電機控制方法做了進一步研究,并提出了對制動強度以及電機制動力矩的雙PID閉環(huán)回饋控制方法。通過在ADVISOR高級仿真軟件中重新建立本文所需要的制動力分配控制策略,并對搭建的新模型進行ADVISOR二次仿真。仿真結(jié)果表明在本文的制動力分配策略下有效的提高了能量回收率,并增加了電動汽車的續(xù)駛里程。
[Abstract]:With the increasing oil consumption in the world, the energy crisis is becoming more and more serious, and the environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. Because of its advantages of zero emission, low noise and less pollution, electric vehicle (EV) has become an important way to solve the problem of resources and environment. At present, the main factors restricting the development of electric vehicles are short driving mileage, short battery life and high cost. In the near future, braking energy recovery technology is the most direct and effective method to solve this problem. The braking energy recovery system is used to recover the energy of the electric vehicle during the braking process and store it in the battery, thus increasing the driving mileage and further reducing the battery cost. The study of braking energy recovery system with high energy recovery rate is the most effective method to increase the driving range. On the basis of the research on the structure and principle of braking energy recovery system and the working state and generation principle of permanent magnet DC motor, the influence of braking force distribution on energy recovery is studied in this paper. It is clear that the distribution of regenerative braking force will directly affect the energy recovery rate, and the braking force allocation strategy is established in this paper. In order to ensure the consistency with the traditional friction brake and improve the stability and comfort in the braking process, this paper makes a further study on the motor control method based on the establishment of the maximum energy recovery braking force distribution strategy. A double PID closed loop feedback control method for braking strength and motor braking torque is proposed. The braking force allocation control strategy needed in this paper is re-established in the advanced simulation software of ADVISOR, and the new model is simulated by ADVISOR. The simulation results show that the braking force distribution strategy can effectively improve the energy recovery rate and increase the driving range of the electric vehicle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U469.72

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