【摘要】：拖拉機(jī)在我國農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中有著舉足輕重的作用,除在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中提供牽引力外,還主要通過動力輸出機(jī)構(gòu)來實現(xiàn)配套機(jī)械的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化。動力輸出機(jī)構(gòu)的損壞直接導(dǎo)致拖拉機(jī)不能正常使用,給農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)帶來不利影響。因此,隨著拖拉機(jī)用途的不斷延伸,提高動力輸出機(jī)構(gòu)的承載能力,快速分析拖拉機(jī)在實際使用中的故障原因,提出改進(jìn)方案,并通過有效手段驗證改進(jìn)效果就顯得很有必要,從而可避免批量質(zhì)量事故的產(chǎn)生,降低企業(yè)損失。本文在理論分析和金相檢驗的基礎(chǔ)上,系統(tǒng)性歸納出動力輸出機(jī)構(gòu)的損壞形式,采用金相、經(jīng)驗等常規(guī)失效分析手段找到了動力輸出機(jī)構(gòu)相關(guān)零件的失效原因,逐一提出控制措施。其中重點(diǎn)研究了動力輸出殼體擋圈卡槽結(jié)構(gòu)失效的原因,根據(jù)動力輸出機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)和零件相互干涉磨損的損壞形式,確定軸向力是導(dǎo)致了動力輸出殼體失效的主要原因。結(jié)合國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和實際使用情況,創(chuàng)新性的采用有限元分析的方法,對技術(shù)中心改進(jìn)前和改進(jìn)后的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行有限元分析,并將分析結(jié)果與實際損壞零件進(jìn)行對比,確認(rèn)有限元建模的正確性,進(jìn)而發(fā)現(xiàn)原擋圈卡槽結(jié)構(gòu)承受軸向力的能力難以達(dá)到國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的要求。經(jīng)與其他拖拉機(jī)動力輸出的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對比,結(jié)合該動力輸出機(jī)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn),提出臺階承受軸向力的改進(jìn)方案。該改進(jìn)方案的涉及更改零件少,加工容易實現(xiàn),且裝配方案與原裝配基本相同,企業(yè)投入低,并經(jīng)過有限元分析,驗證了該改進(jìn)方案是可行和可靠的。
[Abstract]:Tractors play an important role in agricultural production in China. In addition to providing traction in agricultural production, agricultural mechanization of supporting machinery is mainly realized by means of power output mechanism. The damage of the power output mechanism directly causes the tractor not to be used normally, and brings the adverse effect to the agricultural production. Therefore, with the extension of tractor application, it is necessary to improve the bearing capacity of the power output mechanism, analyze the causes of the failure of the tractor in practical use, put forward the improvement scheme, and verify the effect of the improvement by effective means. Thus, the accident of batch quality can be avoided and the loss of enterprises can be reduced. On the basis of theoretical analysis and metallographic examination, this paper systematically induces the damage form of power output mechanism, and finds out the failure reason of relevant parts of power output mechanism by means of conventional failure analysis, such as metallography and experience. Put forward control measures one by one. According to the structure of the power output mechanism and the damage form of the interference wear of the parts, the axial force is the main cause of the failure of the dynamic output shell. Combining with the national standard and the actual application, the finite element analysis method is used to analyze the structure before and after the improvement of the technical center, and the results are compared with the actual damaged parts. The correctness of finite element modeling is confirmed, and it is found that the ability of the original retaining ring clamped groove structure to bear axial force is difficult to meet the requirements of the national standard. By comparing with other tractor power output structures and combining the characteristics of the power output mechanism, an improved scheme of step bearing axial force is put forward. The improvement scheme involves fewer parts changed, easy to be processed, and the assembly scheme is basically the same as the original assembly, and the enterprise investment is low. Through finite element analysis, it is proved that the improved scheme is feasible and reliable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S219.03

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