【摘要】：汽車碰撞事故后果嚴(yán)重,甚至?xí)斐绍嚉送?因此汽車碰撞安全一直是主被動(dòng)安全領(lǐng)域研究焦點(diǎn)。而汽車追尾容易使車輛偏離行駛軌跡,產(chǎn)生二次碰撞。為了解決此問題,需要進(jìn)行汽車追尾碰撞動(dòng)力學(xué)分析及穩(wěn)定性控制研究。研究了車與車追尾碰撞的數(shù)學(xué)模型;進(jìn)行了汽車碰撞主要參數(shù)分析;搭建了包含ESC控制器的硬件在環(huán)試驗(yàn)平臺(tái);設(shè)計(jì)了PISP(Post-impact Stability Program)控制器用于控制車輛的側(cè)向軌跡,防止車輛發(fā)生二次碰撞。首先,進(jìn)行了汽車追尾碰撞動(dòng)力學(xué)建模及穩(wěn)定性分析。建立了被撞車輛碰撞過程的動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,包括四自由度車輛模型及碰撞力模型,聯(lián)合simulink和Carsim軟件進(jìn)行模型驗(yàn)證;應(yīng)用碰撞動(dòng)力學(xué)理論分析了汽車碰撞過程被追尾車輛關(guān)鍵參數(shù)對(duì)汽車穩(wěn)定性的影響規(guī)律。其次,基于dSPACE平臺(tái),搭建了車與車追尾碰撞穩(wěn)定性控制的硬件在環(huán)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)架,在臺(tái)架上分別進(jìn)行了“魚鉤”工況下的行駛試驗(yàn)和碰撞試驗(yàn)。在該平臺(tái)中導(dǎo)入汽車追尾碰撞動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,通過對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)電磁閥開度、控制器CAN信號(hào)以及模型中的輪缸壓力等參數(shù)進(jìn)行分析,得出了ESC在兩種工況下的基本控制策略及控制效果。最后,針對(duì)追尾碰撞后被追尾車輛的失穩(wěn)情況,提出了一種基于邏輯門限值與PID調(diào)節(jié)各車輪制動(dòng)力的PISP追尾碰撞穩(wěn)定性控制策略。實(shí)例仿真對(duì)比了基于ESC的穩(wěn)定性控制與基于PISP控制的效果,結(jié)果表明,該策略能夠保障被追尾車輛的穩(wěn)定性,可減輕及避免車輛追尾后發(fā)生二次碰撞造成的損失。
[Abstract]:The consequence of automobile collision accident is serious and even will cause the death of vehicle crash. Therefore, vehicle collision safety is always the research focus in the field of active and passive safety. The rear-end of the vehicle is easy to make the vehicle deviate from the track, resulting in a secondary collision. In order to solve this problem, the dynamic analysis and stability control of rear-end collision are needed. The mathematical model of rear-end collision between vehicle and vehicle is studied, the main parameters of vehicle collision are analyzed, the hardware in-loop test platform including ESC controller is built, and the PISP (Post-impact Stability Program) controller) is designed to control the lateral trajectory of vehicle. Prevent the second collision of the vehicle. Firstly, the dynamic modeling and stability analysis of rear-end collision are carried out. The dynamic model of the collision process of the collided vehicle is established, including the four-degree-of-freedom vehicle model and the collision force model. The model is verified by using simulink and Carsim software. The influence of the key parameters of the rear-end vehicle on the vehicle stability is analyzed by using the theory of collision dynamics. Secondly, based on the dSPACE platform, the hardware in loop test stand for the stability control of the rear-end collision between the vehicle and the vehicle is built, and the driving test and the impact test under the "fishhook" condition are carried out on the platform respectively. The vehicle rear-end impact dynamic model is introduced into the platform. The parameters such as the opening of solenoid valve in hydraulic system, the CAN signal of controller and the cylinder pressure in the model are analyzed. The basic control strategy and control effect of ESC under two conditions are obtained. Finally, in view of the instability of the rear-end vehicle after the rear-end collision, a stability control strategy of the PISP rear-end collision is proposed based on the logic threshold and PID to adjust the braking force of each wheel. The simulation results show that the strategy can guarantee the stability of the rear-end vehicle and can reduce and avoid the loss caused by the secondary collision.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U461.6

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