本文選題：聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 + 改性玄武巖纖維��； 參考：《大連理工大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來隨著社會的進步,汽車不僅是代步的工具,也是移動的舒適空間,人們對汽車內(nèi)飾的綠色、環(huán)保、安全的要求越來越高,汽車內(nèi)飾塑料材質(zhì)的選擇也直接影響內(nèi)飾的環(huán)保指數(shù)。聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(Poly(butylene succinate), PBS)由于具有較好的綜合性能、良好的加工性能,成為近年來快速發(fā)展的新型生物可降解塑料。但是,其較弱的力學性能和可燃性制約了其在車用材料領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的發(fā)展。本文通過密煉機,以聚丁二酸丁二醇酯為基體材料,分別選取玄武巖纖維(Basalt Fiber, BF)做增強組分、次磷酸鋁(Aluminum Hypophosphite, AHP)做阻燃組分制備一系列改性PBS復合材料,并對比研究了改性前后PBS復合材料的結(jié)構(gòu)與性能。論文的主要內(nèi)容如下：1)以改性玄武巖纖維(Modified Basalt Fiber, MBF)為增強組分,制備了四種不同纖維含量的改性玄武巖纖維/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(MBF/PBS)口一種未改性的玄武巖纖維/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(BF/PBS),并對比研究了改性前后和不同纖維含量對復合材料結(jié)構(gòu)與性能的影響。結(jié)果表明,與純的PBS和未改性BF/PBS復合材料相比,經(jīng)硅烷偶聯(lián)劑KH550改性的MBF/PBS復合材料的拉伸性能得到明顯提高。纖維改性后,增加了表面粗糙度,纖維與樹脂之間的界面得到增強。粗糙的纖維表面為PBS結(jié)晶提供了成核點,形成了獨特的“串晶”現(xiàn)象。同時纖維在PBS結(jié)晶過程起到異相成核的作用,提高了復合材料的起始結(jié)晶溫度和結(jié)晶速率,為縮短產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)周期提供了數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)。2)以次磷酸鋁(AHP)為阻燃組分,制備了四種不同含量的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯／次磷酸鋁(PBS/AHP),詳細研究了不同含量AHP的引入對PBS/AHP性能的影響。結(jié)果表明,少量的AHP的加入使PBS/AHP拉伸強度有所提升,繼續(xù)增加AHP的含量則拉伸強度有所下降。結(jié)晶行為研究表明,AHP的加入提高了PBS結(jié)晶的成核密度,降低了晶球尺寸,提升了PBS的結(jié)晶速率。阻燃測試結(jié)果表明,純的PBS有明顯的熔滴現(xiàn)象,隨著AHP的增加,熔滴現(xiàn)象明顯改善,且AHP含量增加到20%和25%時,其復合材料氧指數(shù)大于27%,達到難燃級別,UL-94阻燃效果也達到V-0級別,具有較好的阻燃效果。這為功能改性PBS在汽車內(nèi)飾材料領(lǐng)域的進一步應(yīng)用提供了支持。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the progress of the society, the automobile is not only the tool for walking, but also the comfortable space for moving. People have higher and higher demands on the green, environmental protection and safety of automobile interior. The choice of plastic material for automotive interior also directly affects the environmental protection index of interior decoration. Poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) has become a new biodegradable plastic with rapid development in recent years due to its good comprehensive properties and good processability. However, its weak mechanical properties and flammability restrict its development in the field of automotive materials. In this paper, a series of modified PBS composites were prepared by using polybutylene succinate as matrix material, basalt fiber as reinforcing component, aluminum hypophosphite as flame retardant component, and aluminum hypophosphite as flame retardant component. The structure and properties of PBS composites before and after modification were compared. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the modified basalt fiber modified Basalt Fiber, MBF) is used as the enhancement component. Four kinds of modified basalt fibers / polybutylene succinate / MBF / PBSs with different fiber contents were prepared. An unmodified basalt fiber / polybutylene succinate / BF / PBSs was prepared. Effects of structure and properties of composite materials. The results show that compared with pure PBS and unmodified BF/PBS composites, the tensile properties of MBF/PBS composites modified by silane coupling agent KH550 are obviously improved. The surface roughness was increased and the interface between fiber and resin was strengthened. Rough fiber surface provides nucleation point for PBS crystallization, forming a unique "string" phenomenon. At the same time, the fiber plays the role of heterogeneous nucleation in the crystallization process of PBS, increases the initial crystallization temperature and crystallization rate of the composite, and provides a data basis for shortening the production cycle of the product. 2) the aluminum hypophosphate (AHP) is used as the flame-retardant component. Four kinds of poly (butylene succinate) / aluminum hypophosphate (PBS / AHP) with different contents were prepared. The effects of different AHP contents on the properties of PBS/AHP were studied in detail. The results showed that the tensile strength of PBS/AHP was increased with the addition of a small amount of AHP, and the tensile strength decreased with increasing the content of AHP. The crystallization behavior study shows that the nucleation density of PBS crystal is increased, the crystal sphere size is reduced and the crystallization rate of PBS is increased. The results of flame retardancy test showed that pure PBS had obvious droplet phenomenon. With the increase of AHP, the droplet phenomenon was obviously improved, and the content of AHP increased to 20% and 25%, respectively. The oxygen index of the composite is more than 27, and the flame retardant effect of UL-94 is also V-0. It has a good flame retardant effect. This provides support for the further application of functional modified PBS in the field of automotive interior materials.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U465.6

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