本文選題：曲軸 + 減重孔�。� 參考：《中北大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：曲軸是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)中結(jié)構(gòu)最復(fù)雜、承受載荷最大、成本極高的核心零件,它的質(zhì)量直接影響著柴油機(jī)的整體性能。曲軸在工作中承受著來自活塞連桿傳遞的周期性變化的扭矩作用,會(huì)產(chǎn)生扭轉(zhuǎn)強(qiáng)迫振動(dòng),當(dāng)外界激勵(lì)頻率和曲軸的自振頻率接近或者相同時(shí),就會(huì)發(fā)生共振現(xiàn)象。共振會(huì)使曲軸動(dòng)力特性突變,扭振幅度劇增,加大曲軸承受的附加應(yīng)力,產(chǎn)生噪音,加速曲軸齒輪的磨損,影響氣門定時(shí)和供油提前角,嚴(yán)重影響發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的耐久性能。曲軸減重孔的增設(shè),可以減輕曲軸重量,降低過渡圓角處的應(yīng)力集中,改善曲軸模態(tài)及連桿負(fù)荷。研究減重孔對(duì)曲軸特性的影響規(guī)律,對(duì)曲軸結(jié)構(gòu)的改進(jìn)與優(yōu)化具有重要意義。本文以東風(fēng)CY4102BZQ型號(hào)車用柴油機(jī)曲軸為研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行了以下研究工作:(1)根據(jù)曲軸的實(shí)際尺寸參數(shù),用Solidworks軟件建立曲軸及軸瓦和軸承座的三維實(shí)體模型,將模型導(dǎo)入到workbench中,研究單元類型和尺寸對(duì)網(wǎng)格質(zhì)量和網(wǎng)格收斂性的影響,設(shè)置適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧愋秃蛦卧叽?得到曲軸的有限元模型;(2)分別對(duì)不同尺寸減重孔的曲軸進(jìn)行曲軸自由模態(tài)分析和約束模態(tài)分析,得到曲軸模態(tài)隨減重孔尺寸的變化規(guī)律;(3)分析曲軸載荷,對(duì)曲軸施加適當(dāng)?shù)倪吔鐥l件,對(duì)不同尺寸減重孔的曲軸進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度分析和剛度分析,得到不同減重孔尺寸對(duì)曲軸應(yīng)力和剛度的影響規(guī)律。通過對(duì)曲軸減重孔的研究,綜合對(duì)比各模型的模態(tài)、強(qiáng)度和剛度,選取25mm來設(shè)定曲軸減重孔直徑,實(shí)現(xiàn)曲軸減重4.65%。
[Abstract]:Crankshaft is the core part of engine with the most complex structure, maximum load and high cost. Its quality directly affects the overall performance of diesel engine. The crankshaft is subjected to the periodic variation of torque from the piston and connecting rod in the work, which will produce torsional forced vibration. When the external excitation frequency and the natural vibration frequency of the crankshaft are close to or the same, resonance will occur. Resonance will cause sudden change of crankshaft dynamic characteristics, increase the amplitude of torsional vibration, increase the additional stress of crankshaft, produce noise, accelerate the wear of crankshaft gear, affect valve timing and fuel supply advance angle, and seriously affect the durability of engine. The addition of weight loss holes in the crankshaft can reduce the weight of the crankshaft, reduce the stress concentration at the transition corner, and improve the crankshaft mode and the connecting rod load. It is of great significance to study the influence of weight loss holes on the characteristics of crankshaft and to improve and optimize the structure of crankshaft. This paper takes the crankshaft of Dongfeng CY4102BZQ diesel engine as the research object. (1) according to the actual size parameters of the crankshaft, the 3D solid model of crankshaft, bearing bush and bearing seat is established by Solidworks software, and the model is imported into workbench. To study the effect of cell type and size on mesh quality and mesh convergence, set appropriate cell types and cell sizes, The finite element model of crankshaft is obtained. The free mode analysis and constrained modal analysis of crankshaft with different sizes of weight reducing holes are carried out, and the crankshaft load is analyzed according to the variation of crankshaft mode with the size of weight reducing hole. By applying proper boundary conditions to the crankshaft, the strength and stiffness of the crankshaft with different sizes of weight reducing holes are analyzed, and the influence of the different size of the reducing hole on the stress and stiffness of the crankshaft is obtained. Through the study of the weight loss hole of the crankshaft, the mode, strength and stiffness of each model are compared synthetically, and the diameter of the weight loss hole of the crankshaft is set by selecting 25mm to realize the weight loss of the crankshaft 4.65.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U464.172

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