發(fā)布時間：2018-05-27 21:44

  本文選題：GDI + 噴油器積碳��； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：GDI汽車憑借其優(yōu)越的動力性、燃油經(jīng)濟性和排放性能得到越來越多的普及。但是,相較于PFI汽油機,GDI汽油機直噴噴油器直接暴露于環(huán)境惡劣的燃燒室內(nèi)而存在嚴(yán)重積碳的問題,會影響到在用車發(fā)動機的性能。本文針對GDI噴油器積碳問題,開展了噴油器積碳理化特性研究和噴油器積碳對噴霧性能的影響研究,為認(rèn)識噴油器積碳的本質(zhì)提供了依據(jù),豐富和發(fā)展了噴油器積碳形成機理,為進一步采取措施降低積碳提供理論依據(jù)。因此,本文研究具有一定的基礎(chǔ)研究意義。本研究開發(fā)了一套模擬噴油器積碳形成的裝置,借助于SEM、X射線能譜分析、FTIR分別對實車噴油器積碳和模擬噴油器積碳進行理化分析對比�；诩y影法原理搭建了一套噴霧高速攝影臺架,分別對清凈噴油器、積碳噴油器、清洗后噴油器在噴油壓力6MPa、12MPa、15MPa下進行噴霧攝影,然后利用噴霧圖像處理軟件對噴霧錐角、貫穿距、噴霧投影面積進行對比分析。噴油器積碳理化特性研究結(jié)果表明,多孔噴油器噴孔積碳相差較大。對于模擬噴油器積碳,在模擬時間段里內(nèi)孔積碳呈孤立的顆粒狀,外孔積碳沿著噴孔周邊鋪展開來。實車積碳和模擬積碳X射線光譜趨勢具有一致性,前者含有C、O、Na、Mg、Al、Si、P、S、K、Ca、Cr、Mn、Fe、Zn等元素,后者含有C、O、Na、P、S、K、Ca、Fe等元素。FTIR分析結(jié)果顯示,實車積碳和模擬積碳紅外光譜類似,兩者都有羥基官能團、伸縮振蕩亞甲基官能團、碳氧雙鍵官能團、烯烴類官能團、伸縮振蕩甲基官能團、硫化合物官能團,但是各個官能團含量不同。噴油器積碳對噴霧特性的研究結(jié)果表明,對于噴霧貫穿距,在噴霧油束慣性力和破碎的綜合相互作用下,積碳噴油器噴霧油束有的變長,有的變短,使整個噴霧呈現(xiàn)不對稱性特點,積碳噴油器清洗后噴霧油束貫穿距接近清凈噴油器,整個噴霧骨架也接近清凈噴油器;對于噴霧錐角,積碳噴油器不管在任何噴油壓力下,其噴霧錐角都小于清凈噴油器噴霧錐角,清洗后噴油器噴霧錐角介于兩者之間。積碳噴油器噴霧錐角隨噴油壓力增加的幅度變化比較小,而清凈噴油器在一定噴油壓力范圍內(nèi),噴霧錐角增加幅度隨噴油壓力增大而增大,超過這個壓力范圍時,其噴霧錐角增加幅度降低;對于噴霧投影面積,積碳噴油器噴霧投影面積始終小于清凈噴油器噴霧投影面積,清洗后噴油器噴霧投影面積非常接近后者。
[Abstract]:With its superior power, fuel economy and emission performance, GDI vehicles are becoming more and more popular. However, compared with the direct injector of PFI gasoline engine, there is a serious problem of carbon deposition, which will affect the performance of in-use engine. Aiming at the problem of carbon deposition in GDI injector, the physical and chemical characteristics of carbon deposition in injector and the effect of carbon deposition on spray performance are studied in this paper, which provides a basis for understanding the essence of carbon deposition in injector, and enriches and develops the formation mechanism of carbon deposition in injector. It provides a theoretical basis for further measures to reduce carbon deposition. Therefore, this study has certain basic research significance. In this paper, a set of apparatus for simulating the formation of carbon deposits in injectors has been developed. The physical and chemical analysis and comparison of carbon deposits in real vehicle injectors and simulated injectors have been carried out by means of SEMX ray energy spectrum analysis and FTIR, respectively. Based on the principle of schlieren method, a set of spray high speed photography bench was set up. The clean injector, the carbon accumulator and the cleaned injector were sprayed under the injection pressure of 6 MPA and 12 MPA, and the spray coning angle was analyzed by using the spray image processing software. The penetration distance and spray projection area were compared and analyzed. The results show that there is a big difference in carbon deposition between the holes of the porous injector. For the simulated fuel injector, the carbon deposits in the internal holes are isolated particles in the simulation period, and the carbon deposits in the outer holes spread along the periphery of the nozzle holes. The results of FTIR and FTIR analysis showed that the infrared spectra of solid carbon deposits and simulated carbon deposits were similar to those of simulated carbon deposits, and both of them had hydroxyl functional groups, and the latter contained elements such as C _ (O) O _ (Na) P _ (+) P _ (+) P _ (+) (K _ (+) K _ (+) Ca _ (Fe) and so on. The results of FTIR analysis showed that the infrared spectra of solid and simulated carbon deposits were similar to those of simulated carbon deposits, and both of them had hydroxyl functional groups, and the latter had hydroxyl functional groups. Telescopic oscillating methylene functional groups, carbon-oxygen double bond functional groups, olefin functional groups, telescopic oscillating methyl functional groups, sulfur functional groups, but the content of each functional group is different. The results of the study on the spray characteristics of the fuel injector show that, for the spray penetration, under the combined interaction of the inertial force and the breakage of the spray fuel beam, the spray fuel beam of the carbon accumulator becomes longer or shorter. The whole spray is asymmetrical. After cleaning, the spray jet penetration distance is close to the clean injector, and the whole spray skeleton is close to the clean injector. For the spray cone angle, no matter under any injection pressure, The spray cone angle of the injector is smaller than that of the clean injector, and the spray cone angle of the injector after cleaning is between the two. The spray cone angle of the carbon injector varies slightly with the increase of the injection pressure, while the increase of the spray cone angle increases with the increase of the injection pressure in a certain range of fuel injection pressure. For the spray projection area, the spray projection area of the carbon accumulator is always smaller than that of the clean injector, and the spray projection area of the injector after cleaning is very close to the latter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U464.171

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