本文選題：生物質(zhì) + 車用燃料�。� 參考：《東南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著全球能源危機(jī)和環(huán)境污染日益嚴(yán)重,利用清潔可再生的生物質(zhì)能轉(zhuǎn)化制備高品位液體燃料,部分替代化石燃料,不僅可緩解能源危機(jī),而且能減少溫室氣體排放。但生物質(zhì)能利用過程中存在環(huán)境污染、資源消耗及經(jīng)濟(jì)成本等問題,因此開展生命周期綜合評(píng)價(jià),對(duì)高效、清潔利用生物質(zhì)有重要指導(dǎo)意義。首先,基于生命周期評(píng)價(jià)(LCA)和層次分析法(AHP),建立了生命周期綜合評(píng)價(jià)模型,并對(duì)以玉米稈為原料的生物質(zhì)熱解加氫制汽柴油(Bio-FPH)和生物質(zhì)氣化費(fèi)托合成(Bio-FTL)兩種工藝進(jìn)行研究分析,獲得了環(huán)境-資源-經(jīng)濟(jì)的綜合性能指標(biāo)。結(jié)果顯示：(1)不同視角下,總環(huán)境影響值分別在0.30～0.46人·a/t和0.33-0.54人·a/t之間,呈現(xiàn)全球性同等性區(qū)域性局地性的特點(diǎn),Bio-FPH的環(huán)境性能優(yōu)于Bio-FTL; GWP、AP和POF是生物質(zhì)基工藝主要的環(huán)境影響類型,總占比為80%～95%,但各視角下環(huán)境影響類型所占份額不同；不同階段對(duì)環(huán)境影響的作用也不同,以生長階段和生產(chǎn)階段為主。(2)Bio-FPH和Bio-FTL的資源消耗潛值分別為0.04人·a/t和0.05人·a/t,Bio-FPH在資源方面具有優(yōu)勢(shì)：生產(chǎn)階段的資源消耗最大,且以電力消耗為主。(3)Bio-FPH的經(jīng)濟(jì)性能優(yōu)于Bio-FTL,生產(chǎn)成本分別為7800元/t和8830元/t；其中,原料成本和折舊費(fèi)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)成本影響較大,所占份額分別為44.6%～47.3%和13.9%～15.7%。(4)采用極差變換法,獲得了Bio-FPH和Bio-FTL的綜合指標(biāo)。Bio-FPH的綜合性能優(yōu)于Bio-FTL,兩工藝的綜合指標(biāo)分別在0.22-0.34和0.26-0.40之間；其中,經(jīng)濟(jì)成本對(duì)綜合性能指標(biāo)的作用最大,其次是環(huán)境影響,資源消耗最小。(5)敏感性分析表明,環(huán)境性能和資源消耗對(duì)原料消耗率和生產(chǎn)電耗等因素較為敏感;原料消耗率和固定投資對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)成本影響最大；原料消耗率、生產(chǎn)電耗和固定投資費(fèi)用是影響綜合性能的主要因素。(6)與化石柴油相比,生物質(zhì)基燃料對(duì)緩解溫室效應(yīng)和資源消耗具有優(yōu)勢(shì),Bio-FPH的效果更明顯,而在經(jīng)濟(jì)性能方面處于劣勢(shì)。其次,將數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo)矩陣和不確定度法結(jié)合,建立了數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量評(píng)估模型,提出以相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差RSD為指標(biāo)對(duì)Bio-FPH和Bio-FTL進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量評(píng)估,并結(jié)合敏感度分析,辨識(shí)出具有高敏感度和高不確定度的指標(biāo)質(zhì)量改善關(guān)鍵數(shù)據(jù)。結(jié)果顯示：(1)對(duì)于Bio-FPH和Bio-FTL,各視角下總環(huán)境影響值的不確定度Uh在6.2%～7.0%之間,其中環(huán)境影響分類指標(biāo)EP的不確定度達(dá)到了15.8%-15.9%,其他環(huán)境影響分類指標(biāo)的不確定度均小于8.5%。(2)資源消耗潛值A(chǔ)DP和經(jīng)濟(jì)成本的不確定度分別在6.7%-6.8%和8.0%～8.3%之間,均滿足數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量要求。(3)生產(chǎn)電耗與原料消耗量是GWP、AP、SW和ADP數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量改善最為關(guān)鍵的清單數(shù)據(jù)；原料消耗量和消費(fèi)階段HC排放對(duì)POF的數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量改善作用較大;生產(chǎn)電耗和消費(fèi)階段NOx排放是HTP的關(guān)鍵數(shù)據(jù)；EP的數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量改善依賴于原料消耗量和N肥施用量；此外,原料收購價(jià)格、原料消耗量和固定投資對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)成本數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量改善作用較大。最后,以Visual Basic 6.0為系統(tǒng)開發(fā)平臺(tái),以Microsoft Access為數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng),采用ADO數(shù)據(jù)訪問技術(shù),基于生命周期綜合評(píng)價(jià)模型,創(chuàng)建了生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化利用的生命周期綜合評(píng)價(jià)軟件。軟件可實(shí)現(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)查詢、生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化生命周期的環(huán)境、資源、經(jīng)濟(jì)及綜合性能評(píng)價(jià)和分析,并具有界面友好,操作簡單,可擴(kuò)展性等特點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:As the global energy crisis and environmental pollution become more and more serious , using clean renewable biomass energy transform to prepare high - grade liquid fuel , partial replacement of fossil fuel can not only alleviate the energy crisis but also reduce greenhouse gas emissions . The results show that : ( 1 ) The environmental performance of Bio - FPH is better than that of Bio - FTL ;
( 2 ) Bio - FPH and Bio - FTL ' s resource consumption potential is 0.04 person 路 a / t and 0.05 person 路 a / t , Bio - FPH has the advantage in resources : the resource consumption of Bio - FPH is the biggest and the power consumption is the main . ( 3 ) Bio - FPH has better economic performance than Bio - FTL , the production cost is 7800 yuan / t and 8830 yuan / t , respectively ;
( 4 ) The comprehensive indexes of Bio - FPH and Bio - FTL were obtained . The comprehensive properties of Bio - FPH were better than that of Bio - FTL . The comprehensive indexes of Bio - FPH were 0.22 - 0.34 and 0.26 - 0.40 , respectively .
( 5 ) Sensitivity analysis indicates that environmental performance and resource consumption are sensitive to the factors such as raw material consumption rate and production power consumption .
The data quality evaluation model is established by combining the data quality index matrix with the uncertainty method . The results show that : ( 1 ) The uncertainty of the total environmental impact value of Bio - FPH and Bio - FTL is between 6.2 % and 7.0 % .
The consumption of raw materials and the HC emission in the consumption stage have a great effect on the data quality improvement of POFs , and NOx emission at the production and consumption stages is the key data of HTP ;
The data quality improvement of EP is dependent on raw material consumption and N fertilizer application ;
In the end , using Visual Basic 6.0 as the system development platform , using Microsoft Access as the database management system , using ADO data access technology , based on the life cycle comprehensive evaluation model , the life cycle comprehensive evaluation software for biomass conversion utilization is created . The software can realize the basic data query , the environment , resources , economy and comprehensive performance evaluation and analysis of biomass conversion life cycle , and has the characteristics of friendly interface , simple operation , expansibility and the like .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U473

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 瞿婷婷;肖軍;沈來宏;;生物質(zhì)制取高品位液體燃料的生命周期評(píng)價(jià)[J];太陽能學(xué)報(bào);2014年09期

2 陳莎;李q諗，

本文編號(hào)：1843297