本文選題：塑料油箱　切入點(diǎn)：PLC　出處：《齊魯工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著汽車行業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展,汽車已經(jīng)取代其他工具成為了人們主要的交通工具。為了節(jié)約能源、降低成本,汽車輕量化已成為汽車工業(yè)的重要發(fā)展趨勢(shì),這一趨勢(shì)使得汽車使用塑料油箱的比例大大增加。汽車油箱作為汽車的重要部件直接影響到汽車質(zhì)量以及安全性能的好壞,因而對(duì)汽車油箱質(zhì)量的檢測(cè)成為汽車油箱生產(chǎn)的重要環(huán)節(jié),塑料油箱沖擊試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的研制工作就顯得格外的重要。塑料油箱沖擊試驗(yàn)臺(tái)是現(xiàn)在油箱生產(chǎn)企業(yè)必須購(gòu)買(mǎi)的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備,這在國(guó)外已經(jīng)非常普遍,但是對(duì)于國(guó)內(nèi)很多汽車油箱生產(chǎn)企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō),沖擊試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的應(yīng)用還是一個(gè)新興的課題,所以設(shè)計(jì)這樣的一種設(shè)備是比較受歡迎的。本文在分析研究試驗(yàn)臺(tái)整機(jī)各部分機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)和運(yùn)行方式的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了基于三菱PLC和MCGS觸摸屏的控制系統(tǒng)�？刂葡到y(tǒng)充分利用了PLC的穩(wěn)定可靠、觸摸屏友好靈活以及兩者具有良好兼容性的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了塑料油箱沖擊試驗(yàn)臺(tái)控制系統(tǒng)的研制,整個(gè)控制系統(tǒng)以PLC為核心控制設(shè)備,控制沖擊試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的正常運(yùn)行,系統(tǒng)以觸摸屏作為人機(jī)交互界面,在操作員的操作下完成塑料油箱沖擊試驗(yàn)過(guò)程,實(shí)時(shí)更新數(shù)據(jù)。試驗(yàn)臺(tái)中輸入量和輸出量連接在分布式輸入輸出設(shè)備上,通過(guò)PLC和MCGS觸摸屏完成對(duì)輸入輸出量的控制。本試驗(yàn)臺(tái)用于塑料油箱的耐沖擊性能試驗(yàn)。全自動(dòng)塑料油箱沖擊試驗(yàn)臺(tái)控制系統(tǒng)以PLC和人機(jī)交互界面觸摸屏聯(lián)合控制的方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)了沖擊試驗(yàn)臺(tái)的基本控制要求。同時(shí)基于擺錘沖擊理論的計(jì)算得出,擺錘撞擊中心和塑料油箱的撞擊位置需要在一條水平直線上面,因此通過(guò)對(duì)沖擊試驗(yàn)臺(tái)機(jī)構(gòu)平面的坐標(biāo)系建立以及伺服電機(jī)和PID控制算法的引入,實(shí)現(xiàn)了擺錘的精確定位,通過(guò)在觸摸屏上面設(shè)置輸入坐標(biāo)或者給定的沖擊位置曲線方程,擺錘定位系統(tǒng)能夠通過(guò)伺服電機(jī)編碼器的實(shí)時(shí)反饋實(shí)現(xiàn)擺錘的撞擊中心和撞擊位置精確重合。通過(guò)對(duì)與現(xiàn)有塑料油箱沖擊試驗(yàn)臺(tái)相比,三個(gè)軸自由度可調(diào)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)各個(gè)尺寸的塑料油箱沖擊試驗(yàn)并能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)各個(gè)方向速度可調(diào),編碼器結(jié)構(gòu)可以通過(guò)在上位機(jī)靈活的選擇擺錘的仰角從而實(shí)現(xiàn)各種能量的擺錘沖擊試驗(yàn),而且通過(guò)與上位機(jī)的通信免去了繁雜的人力操作,實(shí)現(xiàn)了自動(dòng)化操作的功能。本文對(duì)試驗(yàn)用的試驗(yàn)臺(tái)做了仿真測(cè)試,機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)銜接合理,并進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)測(cè)試。整機(jī)系統(tǒng)操作合理、人機(jī)交互界面友好、系統(tǒng)可靠性程度高,可以完成對(duì)塑料油箱沖擊試驗(yàn)的測(cè)試,具有一定的使用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of automobile industry, automobile has replaced other tools as the main means of transportation.In order to save energy and reduce cost, automobile lightweight has become an important development trend of automobile industry, which makes the proportion of plastic fuel tank used in automobile increase greatly.The research and development of the plastic fuel tank impact test rig is particularly important.The plastic fuel tank impact test rig is the experimental equipment that must be purchased by the fuel tank manufacturers now, which has become very common abroad. However, for many domestic automobile fuel tank manufacturers, the application of the impact test rig is still a new topic.So the design of such a device is more popular.Based on the analysis of the mechanical structure and operation mode of the whole machine, a control system based on Mitsubishi PLC and MCGS touch screen is designed in this paper.The control system makes full use of the stability and reliability of PLC, the friendly and flexible touch screen and the good compatibility between the two. The control system of the impact test bench for plastic fuel tank is developed. The whole control system is based on PLC.To control the normal operation of the impact test rig, the system takes the touch screen as the man-machine interface, completes the impact test process of the plastic fuel tank under the operator's operation, and updates the data in real time.The input and output are connected to the distributed input and output device in the test-bed, and the input and output quantity is controlled by PLC and MCGS touch screen.This test rig is used for the impact resistance test of plastic fuel tank.The control system of automatic plastic fuel tank impact test bed is controlled by PLC and man-machine interactive interface touch screen. The basic control requirements of impact test bench are realized.At the same time, based on the calculation of pendulum impact theory, it is found that the impact position of the pendulum impact center and plastic fuel tank needs to be above a horizontal straight line.Therefore, the precise positioning of the pendulum is realized by establishing the plane coordinate system of the impact test-bed and introducing the servo motor and PID control algorithm. By setting the input coordinate or the given impact position curve equation on the touch screen,The pendulum positioning system can realize the precise coincidence of the impact center and the impact position of the pendulum by the real-time feedback of the servo motor encoder.Compared with the existing plastic fuel tank impact test bench, the three axis degrees of freedom can be adjusted to realize the impact test of the plastic fuel tank of all sizes and the speed of each direction can be adjusted.The encoder structure can flexibly select the elevation angle of the pendulum hammer in the upper computer so as to realize all kinds of energy pendulum impact test, and the communication with the upper computer eliminates the complicated manual operation and realizes the function of automatic operation.In this paper, the test bench is simulated, the mechanical structure is connected reasonably, and the test is carried out.The whole system has the advantages of reasonable operation, friendly man-machine interface and high reliability. It can be used to test the impact test of plastic fuel tank.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：齊魯工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U467.52;TP273

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