本文選題：車廂　切入點(diǎn)：靜力學(xué)分析　出處：《遼寧科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文針對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)某箱式貨車的實(shí)際生產(chǎn)需求,在原有車輛的設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了新型的載貨汽車車廂以及自動(dòng)密封蓋。作為載貨汽車的重要部件,車廂剛度和強(qiáng)度等性能直接關(guān)乎整車的各項(xiàng)性能和使用壽命,本文基于Solid Works軟件將初步設(shè)計(jì)完成的車廂建立了含密封蓋的車廂整體結(jié)構(gòu)的實(shí)體模型,利用ANSYS Workbench有限元分析軟件將簡(jiǎn)化后的仿真模型進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格劃分、施加約束和載荷,對(duì)其在彎曲工況、扭轉(zhuǎn)工況、緊急制動(dòng)工況和緊急轉(zhuǎn)彎工況下進(jìn)行靜力學(xué)仿真分析。基于車廂四種典型工況的靜力學(xué)分析結(jié)果,對(duì)于超過(guò)材料屈服極限的部分結(jié)構(gòu),進(jìn)行了加固設(shè)計(jì),以改善車廂的整體性能;對(duì)于受力較小的結(jié)構(gòu)部分進(jìn)行了輕量化的設(shè)計(jì)改進(jìn),已期望達(dá)到合理利用材料的目的并提高整車經(jīng)濟(jì)性。改進(jìn)后得到含密封蓋的新車廂模型,在四種典型工況下再次進(jìn)行計(jì)算分析與校核,通過(guò)前后兩次結(jié)果對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn),改進(jìn)后的車廂在剛度和強(qiáng)度方面等都有很大程度的提高,并且在滿足性能要求的前提下,較初步設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)質(zhì)量減輕6%。為了避免車廂在行駛過(guò)程中發(fā)生共振現(xiàn)象,所以研究了新車廂模型的振動(dòng)特性,提取了新車廂模型的前十階非剛模態(tài),計(jì)算了發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的怠速狀態(tài)下的激振頻率范圍,通過(guò)計(jì)算得出前10階自由模態(tài)的非剛固有頻率值在6.18-26.74Hz之間,避開發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)怠速激振頻率在32.5-145Hz,且避開了路面不平度引起的常見激勵(lì)頻率3Hz,結(jié)果可知車廂在正常狀態(tài)行駛時(shí)理論上不會(huì)引起共振。最終,本文從理論上確認(rèn)含密封蓋的新車廂的輕量化改進(jìn)滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求和國(guó)家使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn),目前該方案也已經(jīng)被企業(yè)生產(chǎn)借鑒。該分析過(guò)程和方法也可以對(duì)載貨汽車車廂及其相關(guān)產(chǎn)品的有限元分析提供借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:In this paper, according to the actual production demand of a box truck in China, a new type of truck carriage and automatic sealing cover are designed on the basis of the design of the original vehicle, which is an important part of the truck. The stiffness and strength of the car are directly related to the performance and service life of the whole car. Based on the Solid Works software, the solid model of the whole structure of the car with the seal cover is established based on the preliminary design of the car. The simplified simulation model is meshed with ANSYS Workbench finite element analysis software, and the constraints and loads are imposed on the simulation model. Based on the static analysis results of the four typical conditions of the carriage, the reinforcement design of some structures exceeding the yield limit of the material is carried out, which is based on the static analysis results of the four typical conditions of the carriage under the emergency braking condition and the emergency turning condition. In order to improve the overall performance of the carriage, the lightweight design improvement is carried out for the structural part with less stress, which is expected to achieve the purpose of reasonable use of materials and to improve the economy of the whole car. After the improvement, a new car model with a sealed cover is obtained. Under four typical working conditions, the calculation analysis and checking are carried out again. Through the comparison of the results before and after two times, it is found that the improved compartments have great improvement in stiffness and strength, and under the premise of satisfying the performance requirements, In order to avoid the resonance phenomenon, the vibration characteristics of the new car model are studied, and the first ten non-rigid modes of the new car model are extracted. The excitation frequency range of the engine in idle state is calculated. The non-rigid natural frequencies of the first 10 free modes are calculated in the range of 6.18-26.74 Hz. The excitation frequency of engine idling is 32.5-145Hz, and the common excitation frequency caused by road roughness is 3Hz. the result shows that the car does not cause resonance in theory when it is running in normal condition. In this paper, it is theoretically confirmed that the lightweight improvement of a new car with a sealed cover meets the design requirements and the national standards for use. At present, the scheme has been used for reference by enterprises. The analysis process and method can also be used for reference in finite element analysis of truck carriages and related products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U469.2

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