本文關(guān)鍵詞： 復(fù)雜曲面 矢量法 刀具軌跡 數(shù)控加工　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前,雖然傳統(tǒng)汽車發(fā)展受到限制,著力發(fā)展新能源汽車,但是汽車覆蓋件和汽車模具的發(fā)展仍然是汽車工業(yè)中不可小覷的部分。數(shù)控加工在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位,復(fù)雜形狀的零件和模具的加工依賴于數(shù)控加工,其過程是相當(dāng)耗時。高質(zhì)量的數(shù)控加工刀具軌跡對減少加工時間和提高加工質(zhì)量有重要作用。針對目前多軸數(shù)控加工刀具軌跡設(shè)計方法存在的軌跡零散、重疊大和軌跡光滑性問題,論文提出了一種基于運用B樣條基函數(shù)構(gòu)成的流函數(shù)進行五軸數(shù)控加工刀具軌跡優(yōu)化的矢量方法。論文基于給定的點云數(shù)據(jù)在參數(shù)域上進行刀軌的優(yōu)化。首先采用插值法進行自由曲面的重構(gòu),接著將構(gòu)建的三維曲面進行均勻采樣,形成離散數(shù)據(jù)點并計算出每個采樣點處優(yōu)化的走刀方向。然后,在參數(shù)域進行刀具軌跡規(guī)劃。包括走刀方向在參數(shù)域內(nèi)的表達,運用流函數(shù)進行參數(shù)空間上的矢量場逼近和選擇等值線方式規(guī)劃出參數(shù)域上的刀具軌跡模型。最后,將參數(shù)域上的軌跡映射到原來曲面上,形成原來加工曲面的刀具的刀觸點軌跡。根據(jù)選擇的刀具參數(shù)對刀觸點軌跡進行偏置,而形成刀位點軌跡并將其生成的文件導(dǎo)出,以便于進行數(shù)控加工的NX仿真。論文的整個算法過程都是借助于VS2010軟件,使用C++語言、MFC等,對上面的算法進行了實現(xiàn)。論文中,采用平底刀建立計算模型,推導(dǎo)出有效加工輪廓計算公式,并計算出流函數(shù)值和等值線值,從而生成了刀具軌跡,將該軌跡導(dǎo)入NX,借助NX CAM進行了數(shù)控加工的仿真。結(jié)果顯示,用矢量法規(guī)劃出的刀具路徑軌跡較為光滑、連續(xù)、整齊。
[Abstract]:At present, although the development of traditional vehicles is restricted, efforts to develop new energy vehicles. However, the development of automobile panels and dies is still an important part of the automotive industry. NC machining plays a leading role in industrial production, and the machining of parts and dies with complex shapes depends on NC machining. The process is very time-consuming. High quality NC machining tool path is important to reduce the processing time and improve the machining quality. Aiming at the current multi-axis NC machining tool path design method the trajectory is scattered. The problem of overlap and smoothness of trajectories. In this paper, a vector method of tool path optimization for five-axis NC machining based on the current function of B-spline basis function is proposed. The tool path is optimized in the parameter domain based on the given point cloud data. The free form surface is reconstructed by interpolation method. Then the constructed 3D surface is uniformly sampled to form the discrete data points and the optimized path direction at each sampling point is calculated. Then. The tool path planning is carried out in the parameter domain, including the expression of the cutter direction in the parameter domain. The vector field approximation in parameter space and the selection of isoline are used to program the tool path model in the parameter domain. Finally, the trajectory on the parameter domain is mapped to the original surface. According to the tool parameters selected, the cutter contact trajectory is biased, and the tool locus trajectory is formed and the generated files are exported. In order to facilitate the NX simulation of NC machining, the whole algorithm process of this paper is implemented with the help of VS2010 software and C language. The calculation model is established by using the flat-bottom cutter, and the calculation formula of the effective machining contour is deduced, and the value of the flow function and the isoline are calculated, thus the tool path is generated, and the trajectory is imported into NX. The simulation of NC machining with NX CAM is carried out. The results show that the path path is smooth, continuous and neat.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U466

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