發(fā)生在礦物/水界面的化學(xué)反應(yīng)對(duì)營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)和污染物在水環(huán)境中的遷移和生物有效性有重要作用。磷酸鹽（P）是植物生長的必需營養(yǎng)元素,由于潛在磷礦資源短缺和對(duì)磷肥料需求的快速增長,P被定義為消失的養(yǎng)分。同時(shí)應(yīng)用XRD、SEM/EDX、 FTIR及MAS-NMR等技術(shù)手段研究不同碳酸鹽和磷酸鹽配比對(duì)碳酸鈣形成轉(zhuǎn)化的影響。使用ESEM和XPS研究了碳酸鹽與大量磷酸鹽結(jié)合對(duì)含碳酸鹽和不含碳酸鹽的黃土以及P形態(tài)的影響。主要結(jié)果如下：1.磷酸鹽在方解石礦物表面的吸附與沉淀磷酸鹽可以在方解石礦物表面發(fā)生吸附或沉淀反應(yīng),可能是因?yàn)樵趬A性條件下磷酸鹽有極強(qiáng)的粘結(jié)作用。在低P濃度（8.2—32.8μM）條件下,磷酸鹽會(huì)快速吸附在方解石表面,隨后吸附速率逐漸降低。使用Langmuir擬合pH8.0～9.0磷在方解石表面的結(jié)合量,其最大結(jié)合量q max分別為28.5,27.5和21μMP/g。使用ECOSAT進(jìn)行形態(tài)分布計(jì)算表明在低磷濃度下（8.2-24.6μM）主要以吸附反應(yīng)為主,并且隨著磷酸鹽濃度的增加吸附量逐漸降低,最終發(fā)生沉淀。在pH8.0時(shí),礦物/水界面的主要機(jī)理是吸附,而在高磷濃度（49.3和57.5gM... 

【文章來源】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)湖北省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：72 頁

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
ABBREVIATIONS
1 INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Adsorption/precipitation of phosphate on calcite
        1.1.1 Factors effects the phosphate binding ion exchange on pure calcite
    1.2 Interaction between calcium and phosphate
        1.2.1 Factors effects the transformation of P and calcium into calcium orthophosphate
        1.2.2 Transformation mechanisms of P and calcium into calcium orthophosphates
    1.3 Inorganic phosphate binding with components of soil
        1.3.1 Factors affect the binding amounts of inorganic phosphate on loess soil
        1.3.2 Soil constituents
    1.4 Rationale and significance
2 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
    2.1 Water and chemicals
    2.2 Syntheses method
        2.2.1 Calcite
        2.2.2 Phosphate and carbonate ratios on the transformation of calcium orthophosphates
    2.3 Soil sample
    2.4 Binding studies
        2.4.1 Calcite
        2.4.2 Soil
    2.5 Characterization
        2.5.1 X-ray diffraction
        2.5.2 Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
        2.5.3 Environmental scanning electron microscope with Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
        2.5.4 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
        2.5.5 Magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance
        2.5.6 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
3 RESULTS
    3.1 Calcite
        3.1.1 X-ray diffraction
        3.1.2 Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersed X-ray
        3.1.3 Zeta potential and specific surface area（SSA）
    3.2 Binding amounts of inorganic phosphate on calcite
    3.3 Effect of P and carbonate ratios on the transformation of calcium orthophosphates
        3.3.1 Types of synthesized products
        3.3.2 Morphology and elemental distribution of synthezied products
        3.3.3 Infrared spectrum of synthesized products
        3.3.4 P speciation of synthesized products
    3.4 Binding amounts of P with components of soil
        3.4.1 Types of soil
        3.4.2 Phosphorus speciation in tested samples
        3.4.3 Surface characterization using XPS
        3.4.4 Morphology and elemental distribution of tested samples
4 DISCUSSIONS
    4.1 Binding amounts of phosphate on calcite
        4.1.1 Summary
    4.2 Effect of carbonate and phosphate on the transformation of calcium orthophosphates
        4.2.1 Summary
    4.3 Binding amounts of P with components of loess
        4.3.1 Summary
5 CONCLUSION
INNOVIATION
PROSPECT
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]Dynamics of crystallization and dissolution of calcium orthophosphates at the near-molecular level[J]. WANG LiJun1,LU JianWei1,XU FangSen1 & ZHANG FuSuo2 1 College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;2 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China.  Chinese Science Bulletin. 2011(08)
[2]Inorganic Phosphorus Fractions and Phosphorus Availability in a Calcareous Soil Receiving 21-Year Superphosphate Application[J]. WANG Jun1,2, LIU Wen-Zhao1,2, MU Han-Feng2 and DANG Ting-Hui1 1State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 (China) 2College of Urban and Environment, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127 (China).  Pedosphere. 2010(03)



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