【摘要】：為了探明不同地區(qū)青檀(Pteroceltis tatarinowii Maxim.)根際土壤真菌多樣性及其與土壤肥力的關系,對國內7省(廣西、安徽、河南、陜西、四川、山東和遼寧)1市(北京)8個樣地野生青檀根際土壤的肥力指標(包括pH值、速效磷含量和速效鉀含量)進行比較,并采用Illumina MiSeq高通量測序技術對其根際土壤的真菌多樣性進行了分析;在此基礎上,對土壤真菌多樣性指數(shù)與土壤肥力指標的相關性以及土壤真菌科水平相對豐度前20位的操作分類單元(OTUs)與土壤肥力指標的相關性進行分析。結果表明:供試8個樣地青檀根際土壤的pH值為pH 6.06~pH 7.61,速效磷含量為0.49~3.27μg·g~(-1),速效鉀含量為150.24~636.89μg·g~(-1)。基于土壤真菌DNA測序結果,以有效序列相似度97%為閾值獲得7 143個OTUs,鑒定出6門32綱106目254科,其中,包括子囊菌門(Ascomycota)、擔子菌門(Basidiomycota)和接合菌門(Zygomycota)3個優(yōu)勢門以及Incertae sedis(GenBank數(shù)據(jù)庫中存在,但未準確分類的科)、被孢霉科(Mortierellaceae)、發(fā)菌科(Trichocomaceae)、叢赤殼科(Nectriaceae)和Archaeorhizomycetaceae 5個共有優(yōu)勢科;不同樣地的土壤真菌多樣性差異明顯,Chao1指數(shù)、Shannon-Wiener指數(shù)和Simpson指數(shù)分別為1 041.37~1 793.19、5.39~6.14和0.007~0.020,蓋度為98.90%~99.84%。相關性分析結果表明:土壤真菌Chao1指數(shù)與土壤速效鉀含量呈顯著(P0.05)負相關,其余土壤真菌多樣性指數(shù)與土壤肥力指標的相關性均不顯著;在相對豐度前20位的OTUs中,55%OTUs與土壤pH值呈負相關,并且,多數(shù)OTUs與土壤的速效磷含量和速效鉀含量呈正相關,其中,OTU0(被孢霉科)與土壤pH值呈顯著負相關,OTU1(叢赤殼科)和OTU4(傘型束梗孔菌科)(Agaricostilbaceae)與土壤速效鉀含量呈顯著正相關。研究結果顯示:野生青檀根際土壤呈弱酸性至弱堿性,并具有富鉀少磷的特點;青檀根際土壤真菌多樣性與土壤肥力有一定相關性,并且,被孢霉科、叢赤殼科和傘型束梗孔菌科與土壤肥力有顯著相關性。
[Abstract]:In order to find out the (Pteroceltis tatarinowii Maxim.) in different areas, The relationship between fungal diversity and soil fertility in rhizosphere soil was studied in 7 provinces (Guangxi, Anhui, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Shandong and Liaoning). The fertility indexes (including pH value) of wild green sandalwood rhizosphere soil in 8 sample plots (Beijing) were studied in 7 provinces of China (Guangxi, Anhui, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Shandong and Liaoning). The content of available phosphorus and available potassium were compared, and the fungal diversity in rhizosphere soil was analyzed by Illumina MiSeq high throughput sequencing technique. On this basis, the correlation between soil fungal diversity index and soil fertility index and the correlation between soil fertility index and operating classification unit (OTUs), which is the top 20 relative abundance of soil mycetes, were analyzed. The results showed that the pH value of Rhizosphere soil was pH 6.06~pH 7.61, the content of available phosphorus was 0.49 ~ 3.27 渭 g 路g ~ (- 1), and the content of available potassium was 150.24 ~ 636.89 渭 g 路g ~ (- 1). Based on the DNA sequencing results of soil fungi, 7143 OTUs, were obtained with 97% similarity of effective sequences to identify 6 phylum, 32 classes, 106 orders and 254 families, including ascomycetes (Ascomycota),. There are three dominant families of basidiomycetes, (Basidiomycota) and (Zygomycota), as well as Incertae sedis (GenBank database, but not accurately classified families). There are five dominant families, (Nectriaceae) and Archaeorhizomycetaceae, of (Mortierellaceae), (Trichocomaceae), and Archaeorhizomycetaceae, which are common to Basidiomycetes and Phyllostachys pubescens in the database of Basidiomycetes and Phyllostachys pubescens. There were significant differences in soil fungal diversity between different places. Chao1 index, Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index were 1041.37 鹵1 793.19, 5.39 鹵6.14 and 0.007 鹵0.020, respectively, and the coverage was 98.90% 99.84%. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between soil fungal Chao1 index and soil available potassium content (P 0.05), but there was no significant correlation between soil fungal diversity index and soil fertility index. In OTUs with the top 20 relative abundance, 55%OTUs was negatively correlated with soil pH value, and most OTUs was positively correlated with available phosphorus content and available potassium content in soil, and OTU0 was negatively correlated with soil pH value. There was a significant positive correlation between OTU1 and OTU4 () (Agaricostilbaceae) and soil available potassium content. The results showed that the rhizosphere soil of wild sandalwood was weakly acidic to weakly alkaline, and had the characteristics of rich potassium and less phosphorus. There was a certain correlation between soil fungal diversity and soil fertility, and there was a significant correlation between soil fertility and Artemiaceae, Artemiaceae and Umbels.
【作者單位】： 安徽師范大學生命科學學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金資助項目(41401062) 中國科學院南京地質古生物研究所國家重點開放實驗室開放基金項目(143115)
【分類號】：S714

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