【摘要】：從貴州高原山地煙草種植現(xiàn)狀出發(fā),以SAR技術為手段,結合地理信息系統(tǒng)和全球定位系統(tǒng)等其他現(xiàn)代信息技術,實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代煙草種植信息收集、定量分析和建立煙草鮮葉片產(chǎn)量模型。通過遙感手段能夠快速地收集農(nóng)業(yè)資源生產(chǎn)的信息,光學遙感廣泛應用于作物理化參數(shù)反演中。由于貴州高原山地處在亞熱帶季風氣候區(qū),常年多云雨,光學遙感數(shù)據(jù)獲取十分困難。另外,貴州山地多為喀斯特地貌,地表大面積裸露,地勢起伏崎嶇,地塊零散破碎,使得煙田無法集中分布,煙田地形地貌復雜多樣,煙草農(nóng)業(yè)集約化生產(chǎn)難以達到,也給煙草生長監(jiān)測以及煙葉估產(chǎn)方面帶來了極大的不便與困難。SAR采用主動遙感方式,利用微波成像不受云雨限制,更適合多云雨山區(qū)的應用。對喀斯特山區(qū)的SAR影像進行多極化、多波段、多時相的分析研究,利用其特性將其應用于貴州高原山地現(xiàn)代煙草農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)調查當中。有助于現(xiàn)代煙草農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)監(jiān)測,完成煙葉鮮重產(chǎn)量估測模型的建立,并對其關鍵技術進行研究。遙感技術可以從宏觀的角度掌握煙草的生長信息做出適當?shù)囊?guī)劃和調整,以高分辨率星載SAR為研究數(shù)據(jù),通過濾波去噪、DEM地形校正、正射校正等SAR數(shù)據(jù)處理,提取星載SAR遙感影像亮度值。野外調查數(shù)據(jù)與衛(wèi)星監(jiān)測時間同步,將野外調查數(shù)據(jù)與SAR數(shù)據(jù)結合起來分析煙草的生長狀況和煙草葉片產(chǎn)量建立不同的煙草估產(chǎn)模型。煙草綜合估產(chǎn)模型分析不同極化HH、VV的SAR亮度值與煙草葉面積指數(shù)(LAI)的相關性,構建線性回歸模型反演煙草葉面積指數(shù)。葉面積指數(shù)是代表農(nóng)作物生長的植物學參數(shù)也是非常重要的生長狀況評價指標。煙草的產(chǎn)量為葉片,所以葉面積指數(shù)與煙草產(chǎn)量的狀況有密切的關系。其次,對煙草種植環(huán)境的適宜性進行綜合評價,對煙草生長適宜性評價的目的是為了針對煙草種植的環(huán)境情況鑒定其生態(tài)條件是否有利于煙草的順利生長和優(yōu)質煙葉的形成,對煙草產(chǎn)量的估測提供重要依據(jù),計算煙草種植適宜性并作為估產(chǎn)模型中的一項參數(shù)來完善模型。通過理論模型和經(jīng)驗模型相結合的方法,結合煙草生長環(huán)境的適宜性、長勢狀況葉面積指數(shù)等參數(shù)建立出煙草的綜合估產(chǎn)模型。煙草的遙感估產(chǎn)模型選用煙草不同生育期的SAR遙感影像,通過SAR遙感影像的處理和計算得出煙草不同生育期SAR亮度值,利用野外實地考察煙草數(shù)據(jù),將煙草生長各個時期的不同極化方式SAR亮度值與對應時期煙草鮮重產(chǎn)量建立線性回歸關系的產(chǎn)量估測模型。通過所建立煙草估產(chǎn)模型計算出煙草產(chǎn)量的估測值與煙草實際產(chǎn)量值對比驗證精度。論文的主要貢獻主要集中在以下三個方面:(1)分析提取煙草葉片不同化方式的SAR影像亮度值與反映煙草生長狀況的葉面積指數(shù)(LAI)進行反演,構建線性回歸模型反演煙草葉面積指數(shù)。(2)建立高原山地煙草種植適宜性評價體系,通過定量計算煙草適宜性指數(shù),合理評價了研究區(qū)域內煙草種植適宜性所屬范圍。(3)應用高分辨率星載SAR在高原山地進行煙草種植定量監(jiān)測和估產(chǎn)是可行的,通過結合SAR技術建立不同方法的煙草估產(chǎn)模型,滿足高原山區(qū)大面積快速估產(chǎn)需要,為貴州喀斯特山地煙草估產(chǎn)提供研究思路。
[Abstract]:Based on the present situation of the tobacco planting in the mountainous area of the plateau, the modern tobacco planting information collection, quantitative analysis and the establishment of the tobacco fresh leaf yield model are realized by using the SAR technology as a means, combining with other modern information technologies such as the geographic information system and the global positioning system. By means of remote sensing, the information of agricultural resource production can be quickly collected, and the optical remote sensing is widely used in the inversion of the physical and chemical parameters of crops. The remote sensing data acquisition is very difficult due to the subtropical monsoon climate in the mountain area of the plateau. in addition, most of that mountainous area of Guizhou are the karst landform, the surface area of the surface is exposed, the terrain is rough and the land is scattered and broken, so that the tobacco field cannot be concentrated and distributed, the terrain and the landform of the tobacco field are complex and diverse, and the intensive production of the tobacco is difficult to reach, And also brings great inconvenience and difficulty to the tobacco growth monitoring and the estimation of tobacco leaves. The active remote sensing method is adopted in the SAR, and the microwave imaging is not limited by the cloud rain, and is more suitable for the application of the multi-cloud-rain mountain area. The multi-polarization, multi-band and multi-temporal analysis of the SAR image in the karst mountainous area is studied, and its characteristics are used in the investigation of the modern tobacco agricultural production in the mountain area of the plateau. It is helpful for the production and monitoring of the modern tobacco agricultural production, and the establishment of the model for estimating the fresh weight of the tobacco leaves is finished, and the key technology of the tobacco leaf is researched. The remote sensing technology can properly plan and adjust the growth information of the tobacco from a macroscopic angle, using the high-resolution space-borne SAR as the research data, and extracting the satellite-borne SAR remote sensing image brightness value through the SAR data processing such as the filtering, de-noising, the DEM terrain correction, the positive-emission correction and the like. The field survey data is synchronized with the satellite monitoring time, and the field survey data and the SAR data are combined to analyze the growth condition of the tobacco and the tobacco leaf yield to establish a different tobacco estimation model. The correlation between the SAR luminance value of different polarization HH and VV and the tobacco leaf area index (LAI) was analyzed by the tobacco comprehensive estimation model, and a linear regression model was constructed to invert the tobacco leaf area index. The leaf area index is the botanical parameter that represents the growth of the crop, and it is also a very important index for the evaluation of the growth condition. The yield of tobacco is the leaf, so the leaf area index is closely related to the tobacco yield. secondly, the suitability of the tobacco planting environment is comprehensively evaluated, and the purpose of the evaluation on the suitability of the tobacco growth is to identify whether the ecological condition of the tobacco planting environment is favorable for the smooth growth of the tobacco and the formation of high-quality tobacco leaves, An important basis for the estimation of tobacco yield is to calculate the suitability of tobacco planting and to improve the model as a parameter in the model. Based on the combination of the theoretical model and the empirical model, the comprehensive evaluation model of tobacco was established by using the parameters such as the suitability of the tobacco growth environment and the leaf area index of the long-potential condition. The remote sensing model of the tobacco uses the SAR remote sensing images of different growth stages of the tobacco, and the SAR brightness values of different growth stages of the tobacco are obtained through the processing and calculation of the SAR remote sensing images, and the field visits of the tobacco data are utilized, And a yield estimation model for establishing a linear regression relationship with the tobacco fresh weight yield of the corresponding period is established by using the different polarization mode SAR brightness value of each period of the tobacco growth and the tobacco fresh weight yield of the corresponding period. And comparing the estimated value of the tobacco yield with the actual yield value of the tobacco through the established tobacco estimation model. The main contribution of the thesis is mainly on the following three aspects: (1) analyzing the SAR image brightness value and the leaf area index (LAI) reflecting the tobacco growth condition, and constructing a linear regression model to invert the tobacco leaf area index. (2) The suitability evaluation system for tobacco planting in the plateau is set up, and the range of the suitability of the tobacco planting in the study area is reasonably evaluated by the quantitative calculation of the tobacco suitability index. (3) The application of high-resolution space-borne SAR to the quantitative monitoring and estimation of tobacco planting in the high-altitude mountainous area is feasible, and the tobacco estimation model of different methods is established by combining the SAR technology, so that the large-area rapid estimation and production requirement of the high-altitude mountain area is met, To provide a study on the production of tobacco in karst mountainous area in guizhou.
【學位授予單位】：貴州師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S572;S127

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