【摘要】：水資源是糧食生產(chǎn)安全的重要影響因素,當(dāng)代農(nóng)業(yè)作物需水滿足度評價迫切需要科學(xué)精準(zhǔn)的診斷技術(shù),WebGIS技術(shù)已被廣泛地應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)信息化發(fā)展,為作物需水評價提供了精準(zhǔn)的決策支持。本文結(jié)合WebGIS開發(fā)技術(shù)和區(qū)域作物需水滿足度(Satisfying Degree of Crop Water Requirement,SDCWR)評價模型,基于 B/S 三層架構(gòu)模式,選用jQuery搭建了 AJAX基本框架、Openlayers作為WebGIS開發(fā)組件,設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)了基于WebGIS的SDCWR評價模型軟件系統(tǒng),規(guī)范了 SDCWR評價數(shù)據(jù)的處理流程,使SDCWR評價模型從傳統(tǒng)的手工實驗計算轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱鞒袒鸵?guī)范化的系統(tǒng)評價方法,提高了 SDCWR評價分級指數(shù)的可視化效果,能夠為糧食安全和作物需水灌溉提供一定的決策支持,本文的主要工作及取得的工作成果有:(1)SDCWR評價模型理論和開發(fā)技術(shù)研究,通過對作物需水評價系統(tǒng)研究相關(guān)的理論和方法進(jìn)行綜述,分析了現(xiàn)有研究的不足,對SDCWR評價模型的基本原理、計算過程、數(shù)據(jù)獲取及處理規(guī)范進(jìn)行了研究,結(jié)合WebGIS系統(tǒng)開發(fā)優(yōu)勢,闡述了 Web Service體系結(jié)構(gòu)、AJAX技術(shù)原理等Web開發(fā)技術(shù)。(2)SDCWR評價模型系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與實現(xiàn),系統(tǒng)基于B/S三層架構(gòu)設(shè)計模式,選用jQuery搭建了 AJAX框架,選用Openlayers作為系統(tǒng)開發(fā)組件;規(guī)范了 SDCWR評價數(shù)據(jù)輸入格式標(biāo)準(zhǔn),設(shè)計了基于Shapefile和Web Service的評價數(shù)據(jù)輸出模式;系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用MS SQLServer構(gòu)建數(shù)據(jù)庫,設(shè)計了各類評價數(shù)據(jù)的有效存取機(jī)制,實現(xiàn)了快速訪問;對系統(tǒng)功能模塊進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計與實現(xiàn),開發(fā)了基于WebGIS的SDCWR評價模型軟件系統(tǒng)。(3)SDCWR評價模型系統(tǒng)實證研究,以湖北省為整體研究區(qū)域,以其行政區(qū)劃為評價單元,根據(jù)區(qū)域作物組合及種植面積、作物生育期需水規(guī)律不同的評價理論,選取典型的3、6、9、12月作為系統(tǒng)評價時段,收集SDCWR評價數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行規(guī)范化處理,系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用研究發(fā)現(xiàn):從湖北整體上看,各個評價單元3、6、9、12月的SDCWR 評價指數(shù)分別處于[0.2-0.4]、[0.4-0.6]、[0.6-0.8]、[0.8～1.0]之間,呈現(xiàn)典型的上升趨勢,且與我國降水量規(guī)律類似,表現(xiàn)出自東南向西北逐漸遞減的基本態(tài)勢,一方面驗證了 SDCWR評價模型理論的科學(xué)性,作物需水與區(qū)域地形、降水、作物種植類型及面積、人口及工農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展分布關(guān)系密切,另一方面檢測了系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)的規(guī)范性和有效性,可以對系統(tǒng)推廣進(jìn)行有益地嘗試。
[Abstract]:Water resources are an important factor affecting the safety of grain production. The evaluation of water adequacy of contemporary agricultural crops urgently needs scientific and accurate diagnostic technology. WebGIS technology has been widely used in the development of agricultural information. It provides accurate decision support for crop water demand evaluation. In this paper, based on WebGIS development technology and regional crop water satisfaction (Satisfying Degree of Crop Water Requirement,SDCWR) evaluation model, based on the B / S three-tier architecture model, the basic framework of AJAX is built by jQuery, and Openlayers is used as the development component of WebGIS. The software system of SDCWR evaluation model based on WebGIS is designed and implemented, which standardizes the processing flow of SDCWR evaluation data, and changes the SDCWR evaluation model from traditional manual experimental calculation to process and standardized system evaluation method. The visualization effect of SDCWR evaluation classification index is improved, which can provide certain decision support for food security and crop water demand irrigation. The main work and achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) the theory of SDCWR evaluation model and the research of development technology. Based on the review of the theories and methods related to the evaluation system of crop water demand, the shortcomings of the existing research are analyzed, and the basic principle, calculation process, data acquisition and processing specifications of the SDCWR evaluation model are studied. Combined with the advantages of WebGIS system development, this paper expounds the Web development technology such as Web Service architecture, AJAX technology principle and so on. (2) the design and implementation of SDCWR evaluation model system is based on the design pattern of B / S three-tier architecture, and jQuery is selected to build the AJAX framework. Openlayers is selected as the system development component. The standard of SDCWR evaluation data input format is standardized, and the evaluation data output mode based on Shapefile and Web Service is designed, and the database is constructed by MS SQLServer, and the effective access mechanism of all kinds of evaluation data is designed, and the fast access is realized. The functional module of the system is designed and implemented in detail, and the software system of SDCWR evaluation model based on WebGIS is developed. (3) the empirical study of SDCWR evaluation model system takes Hubei Province as the whole research area and its administrative division as the evaluation unit. According to the evaluation theory of regional crop combination and planting area and the law of water demand during crop growth period, the typical 3, 6, 9, 12 months were selected as the systematic evaluation period, and the SDCWR evaluation data were collected for standardized processing. From the perspective of Hubei as a whole, the SDCWR evaluation indexes of each evaluation unit 3, 6, 9 and 12 were [0.2 鈮，

本文編號：2480841