【摘要】：黃褐天幕毛蟲Malacosoma neustria testacea是危害杏、蘋果、梨、山楂和核桃等樹木的主要食葉害蟲,在國內(nèi)外均有分布,廣泛地分布于我國各省,危害猖獗時能將大面積樹木的葉子吃光,嚴重影響樹木光合作用,進而影響樹木生長,使果實產(chǎn)量下降。試驗結(jié)果表明：黃褐天幕毛蟲羽化歷期40天左右,羽化高峰在6月19日-7月03日,羽化主要集中在17：00-19：00,雌雄平均性比為1：1.19±0.07,未交配雌雄成蟲的平均壽命分別為4.13±0.142天和4.57±0.035天,雄蛾的壽命高于雌蛾。在凌晨0：00-3：00內(nèi)均能觀察到雌蛾有明顯的求偶行為。成蟲交尾高峰在凌晨2：30左右,一日齡的成蟲交尾率最高(61.67%±2.89%),并且成蟲隨著日齡的增加交尾行為逐漸減弱。交尾持續(xù)時間最短為20min,最長可達135min。林間誘蛾實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),未交配雄蛾和空白對照都沒有引誘到成蟲,1-6日齡未交配雌蛾均能引誘到雄蟲,且1日齡未交配雌蛾誘蛾量最大,凌晨2：00-3：00是誘蛾高峰期；凌晨1：30未交配雌蛾性腺提取物的引誘量最大,1日齡未交配雌蛾性腺提取物對雄蛾的引誘效果最佳。通過氣相色譜對黃褐天幕毛蟲性信息素腺體提取物和人工合成標準性信息素類似物進行分析對比,結(jié)果表明合成的標準化合物Z5E7-12:Ald、Z5E7-12:OH和Z5E7-12:Ac的保留時間分別為16.433±0.018min、19.074±0.015min和22.212±0.023min,與其性信息素腺體提取物中三種組分的保留時間16.431±0.035min、19.092±0.047min和22.249±0.032min基本擬合。由此可以得知黃褐天幕毛蟲性信息素的組成成分可能包含Z5E7-12:Ald、Z5E7-12:OH和Z5E7-12:Ac。林間誘蛾試驗結(jié)果表明Z5E7-12:Ac和Z5E7-12:OH均有一定的引誘活性,并且Z5E7-12:Ac:Z5E7-12:OH為1：1的混合組分引誘效果較佳,但差于活體雌蛾的林間誘捕效果。
[Abstract]:Malacosoma neustria testacea is the main leaf-eating pest of apricot, apple, pear, Hawthorn and walnut, which is widely distributed in all provinces of our country. When the harm is rampant, it can eat up the leaves of a large area of trees. Seriously affect the photosynthesis of trees, and then affect the growth of trees, so that the fruit yield decreased. The results showed that the emergence duration of the caterpillar was about 40 days, the peak of emergence was from June 19 to July 03, and the emergence was mainly concentrated at 17: 00 and 19: 00, and the average sex ratio between male and female was 1: 1.19 鹵0.07, and the peak of emergence was from June 19 to July 03, and the average sex ratio between male and female was 1: 1.19 鹵0.07. The average life expectancy of unmated male and female adults was 4.13 鹵0.142 days and 4.57 鹵0.035 days, respectively. the life span of male moths was higher than that of female moths. Obvious courtship behavior of female moths was observed at 0: 00 in the morning and 3: 00 in the morning. The peak of adult mating was about 2:30 in the morning, and the mating rate of one-day-old adults was the highest (61.67% 鹵2.89%), and the mating behavior of adults decreased gradually with the increase of age. The shortest duration is 20 min and the longest is 135 min. It was found that the unmated male moths and the blank control did not seduce the adults, and the 1-6-day-old unmated female moths could seduce the male moths, and the 1-day-old unmated female moths induced the largest number of moths, and the peak period was 2: 00 in the morning. At 1:30 in the morning, the amount of gonadal extract of unmated female moths was the largest, and the effect of gonadal extract of unmated female moths on male moths was the best. The sex pheromone gland extract and synthetic standard sex pheromone analogues were analyzed and compared by gas chromatography. the results showed that the synthesized standard compound Z5E7 鈮，

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