【摘要】：土壤水分狀況對(duì)農(nóng)作物生長(zhǎng)具有重要意義,遙感監(jiān)測(cè)能夠準(zhǔn)確、快速地獲取土壤水分狀況。本文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)比模型特點(diǎn)及研究區(qū)域性質(zhì),認(rèn)為處于旱季時(shí)的榆林地區(qū)植被覆蓋低,適合用表觀熱慣量模型。本文數(shù)據(jù)源為榆林地區(qū)2013年10月25日、11月28日和2014年4月25日的白天與晚上的MODIS-L1B影像,基于ENVI軟件平臺(tái),以表觀熱慣量模型為定量反演依據(jù),得到三幅榆林地區(qū)表觀熱慣量圖,并以此為依據(jù),從時(shí)間與空間兩方面分析榆林地區(qū)土壤水分狀況,并得出結(jié)論如下:1.在時(shí)間上,榆林地區(qū)經(jīng)過雨量充沛的夏季后,土壤水分狀況良好,但隨著時(shí)間的推移,土壤水分減少嚴(yán)重,這主要與該地區(qū)的降雨量關(guān)系密切。2.在空間上,榆林地區(qū)土壤水分呈現(xiàn)從東南向西北減少的趨勢(shì),而這主要與當(dāng)?shù)氐耐寥蕾|(zhì)地、氣候、地質(zhì)地貌等密切相關(guān)。東南部區(qū)域以壤土為主,保水能力良好,西北部區(qū)域以砂土為主,保水能力差,東南部與西北部的過渡區(qū)域以砂壤土為主,保水能力一般;氣候上長(zhǎng)城沿線以北屬中溫帶干旱氣候和重半干旱氣候,長(zhǎng)城以南屬北暖溫帶半干旱氣候;地質(zhì)地貌上由于西北部為風(fēng)沙區(qū),地勢(shì)高而平坦,易受到西北風(fēng)的侵蝕,土壤易干燥,東南部為黃土丘陵溝壑區(qū),地勢(shì)復(fù)雜且低,受西北風(fēng)影響較弱,正是這些原因,榆林土壤水分在空間上才呈現(xiàn)由東南向西北減少的趨勢(shì)。但結(jié)合土地利用類型圖發(fā)現(xiàn),有林地覆蓋的風(fēng)沙區(qū)與無植被覆蓋的綿沙區(qū),土壤水分狀況相當(dāng),由此可以看出,植樹造林對(duì)于防風(fēng)固沙、保持土壤水分的作用和意義。
[Abstract]:Soil moisture status is of great significance to crop growth. Remote sensing monitoring can obtain soil moisture status accurately and quickly. On the basis of previous studies, this paper compares the characteristics of the model and the regional properties, and considers that the vegetation cover in Yulin area in dry season is low, which is suitable for using the apparent thermal inertia model. The data source of this paper is the daytime and evening MODIS-L1B images from October 25, November 28, 2014 and April 25, 2014 in Yulin area. Based on the ENVI software platform, the apparent thermal inertia model is used as the basis for quantitative inversion. Based on three maps of apparent thermal inertia in Yulin area, the soil moisture status in Yulin area is analyzed in both time and space, and the conclusions are as follows: 1. In terms of time, the soil moisture in Yulin area is in good condition after abundant rainfall in summer, but with the passage of time, the soil moisture decreases seriously, which is closely related to the rainfall in this area. 2. In space, the soil moisture in Yulin area decreases from southeast to northwest, which is closely related to the local soil texture, climate, geology and physiognomy. The southeastern region is dominated by loam, with good water retention capacity, while the northwest region is dominated by sandy soil, with poor water retention capacity, and the transition area between southeast and northwest is dominated by sandy loam soil, with a general water retention capacity. Climate on the north of the Great Wall belongs to the middle temperate arid climate and heavy semi-arid climate, south of the Great Wall belongs to the north warm temperate semi-arid climate; Geomorphologically, because the northwest is a sandy area with a high and flat terrain, it is easy to be eroded by the northwest wind, the soil is easy to dry, and the southeast is a loess hilly and gully area. The terrain is complex and low, and it is weak affected by the northwest wind, which is precisely the reason. The soil moisture of Yulin decreased from southeast to northwest in space. However, according to the land use type map, it was found that the soil moisture status of the sandy area covered by woodland was the same as that of the sandy area with no vegetation cover. Therefore, the function and significance of afforestation for preventing wind and fixing sand and maintaining soil moisture were found out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S152.7

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