【摘要】：為合理施用含硫肥料,以沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)棕壤肥料長期定位試驗為依托,研究了長期(32年)不同處理(不施肥、單施化肥、有機(jī)肥配施化肥等)條件下,土壤不同層次無機(jī)硫時間和剖面分布的特征。本研究選取1979~2011年間的13年收獲期0~100cm土壤樣本進(jìn)行無機(jī)硫組分分析,利用連續(xù)提取法提取土壤水溶態(tài)硫、吸附態(tài)硫和酸溶態(tài)硫,提取液采用ICP-AES進(jìn)行硫濃度測定。結(jié)果表明:經(jīng)過32年長期施肥,化肥區(qū)中不含硫素投入處理(CK,N1,N2)水溶態(tài)硫、吸附態(tài)硫、酸溶態(tài)硫含量都處于降低趨勢。不施肥處理下降幅度最大,3種形態(tài)無機(jī)硫含量分別降低34.1%,29.3%和51.7%;單純施入化學(xué)氮肥,土壤無機(jī)硫降低1.2%~15.2%,隨著氮肥用量的增加,下降幅度增大;含有硫素投入處理(N1P,N1PK)土壤中水溶態(tài)硫含量處于增加趨勢,與原始土相比分別增加10.7%和46.6%;吸附態(tài)硫含量分別增加3.3%和19.8%;酸溶態(tài)硫含量處于降低趨勢,降低幅度分別為4.1%和18.2%。采用低量有機(jī)肥配施化肥或高量有機(jī)肥配施化肥均可有效提高3種形態(tài)無機(jī)硫含量,提升幅度為2.3%~81.0%,隨著有機(jī)肥用量的增加,3種形態(tài)無機(jī)硫含量提升效果更好。水溶態(tài)硫、吸附態(tài)硫、酸溶態(tài)硫剖面分布呈現(xiàn)出明顯"V"型,隨著土層加深,含量降低;在40~60cm層次其含量降到最低。長期施用不含硫素的化肥會導(dǎo)致土壤中硫素有效性降低;施用含硫化肥會增加水溶態(tài)和吸附態(tài)無機(jī)硫含量、而酸溶態(tài)硫含量降低;采用有機(jī)肥、有機(jī)肥配施化肥均可以提高不同土層無機(jī)硫各組分含量,提高了硫素有效性并增大了土壤硫庫。
[Abstract]:In order to apply sulfur-containing fertilizer reasonably, based on the long-term positioning experiment of brown soil fertilizer in Shenyang Agricultural University, the effects of different treatments (no fertilizer, single fertilizer, organic fertilizer and so on) on long-term (32 years) treatment were studied. Characteristics of time and profile distribution of inorganic sulfur in different layers of soil. In this study, 13 years harvest period of 0~100cm soil samples from 1979 to 2011 were selected to analyze inorganic sulfur components. Water soluble sulfur, adsorbed sulfur and acid soluble sulfur were extracted by continuous extraction method. Sulfur concentrations were determined by ICP-AES in the extract solution. The results showed that after 32 years of long-term fertilization, the contents of water-soluble sulfur, adsorbed sulfur and acid-soluble sulfur in the chemical fertilizer area without sulfur input treatment (CK,N1,N2) were in a decreasing trend. The content of inorganic sulfur in three forms decreased by 34.3% and 51.7%, respectively. When chemical nitrogen fertilizer was applied only, the inorganic sulfur content in soil decreased by 1.2and 15.2.The decrease increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. The content of water-soluble sulfur in the soil containing sulfur was increased by 10.7% and 46.6%, and that of adsorbed sulfur was increased by 3.3% and 19.8%, respectively, compared with the original soil. The content of acid soluble sulfur decreased by 4.1% and 18.2% respectively. The content of inorganic sulfur in three forms of organic fertilizer could be increased effectively by applying chemical fertilizer in combination with low amount of organic fertilizer or high amount of organic fertilizer with a range of 2.3% 81.0. With the increase of the amount of organic fertilizer, the content of inorganic sulfur in three forms of organic fertilizer was increased. The effect of three kinds of inorganic sulfur content is better. The profile distribution of water-soluble sulfur, adsorbed sulfur and acid-soluble sulfur showed a "V" pattern, which decreased with the deepening of soil layer, and decreased to the lowest at 40~60cm level. Long-term application of chemical fertilizer without sulfur will lead to the decrease of availability of sulfur in soil, application of sulfur-containing fertilizer will increase the content of inorganic sulfur in water soluble and adsorbed state, while the content of acid soluble sulfur in soil will decrease. Organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer can increase the content of inorganic sulfur in different soil layers, increase the availability of sulfur and increase the soil sulfur pool.
【作者單位】： 沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)土地與環(huán)境學(xué)院/土壤肥料資源高效利用國家工程實驗室/農(nóng)業(yè)部東北玉米營養(yǎng)與施肥科學(xué)觀測實驗站;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項目(41371287) 重點研發(fā)計劃課題項目(2017YFD0200803) 公益性行業(yè)科研專項項目(201203030-04-03)
【分類號】：S153

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