【摘要】：庫(kù)布齊沙漠發(fā)展沙產(chǎn)業(yè),風(fēng)沙防護(hù)是必要舉措。通過(guò)風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)與野外觀測(cè)探討了礫石覆蓋固沙措施的風(fēng)沙防護(hù)效益及其對(duì)土壤溫濕度的影響,旨在為礫石覆蓋在庫(kù)布齊沙漠防風(fēng)固沙中的應(yīng)用提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。研究表明:3cm粒徑礫石床面具有顯著的防風(fēng)固沙效應(yīng):10~16m/s試驗(yàn)風(fēng)速下,10%~90%覆蓋度礫石床面風(fēng)蝕防護(hù)效應(yīng)介于49.4%~100%,其中,50%覆蓋度礫石床面空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)粗糙度達(dá)到最大值,風(fēng)蝕防護(hù)效應(yīng)在96%以上,已達(dá)到理想的防風(fēng)固沙效果。鑒于庫(kù)布齊沙漠風(fēng)況特征,從工程防護(hù)角度講,40%覆蓋度礫石覆蓋固沙措施能夠達(dá)到防風(fēng)蝕的目的,風(fēng)蝕防護(hù)效應(yīng)在93%以上,且能起到白天降溫、夜間保溫的作用,減少極端氣溫對(duì)作物的傷害,還能提高土壤含水量。本研究可為礫石覆蓋固沙措施在干旱區(qū)風(fēng)蝕防護(hù)中的應(yīng)用提供借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:Development of sand industry in Kubuqi desert, sand protection is a necessary measure. Through wind tunnel test and field observation, the effect of gravel covering and sand fixation measures on soil temperature and humidity is discussed. The purpose of this paper is to provide scientific basis for the application of gravel covering in wind and sand fixation in Kubuqi desert. The results show that the 3cm particle size gravel bed mask has significant wind and sand fixation effect: under the wind speed of 10~16m/s test, the wind erosion protection effect of the gravel bed surface with 10% coverage is between 49.4% and 100%, and the wind erosion protection effect of the gravel bed surface is between 49.4% and 100% under the wind speed of 10~16m/s test. The aerodynamics roughness of gravel bed with 50% coverage reached the maximum value and the effect of wind erosion protection was above 96%, which had reached the ideal effect of wind and sand fixation. In view of the characteristics of wind conditions in Kubuqi Desert, from the point of view of engineering protection, 40% gravel coverage and sand fixation measures can achieve the purpose of preventing wind erosion, and the effect of wind erosion protection is more than 93%, and it can play the role of cooling during the day and keeping heat at night. Reducing the damage to crops caused by extreme temperatures can also increase soil moisture content. This study can be used for reference in the application of gravel covering and sand fixation measures in the protection of wind erosion in arid areas.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)科學(xué)院西北生態(tài)環(huán)境資源研究院敦煌戈壁荒漠研究站;億利資源集團(tuán);
【基金】：國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015BAC06B01-02) 中國(guó)科學(xué)院西北生態(tài)環(huán)境資源研究院青年人才成長(zhǎng)資助基金(51Y651K41)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S157

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