【摘要】：作者從2014年5月9日至2014年8月22日,前后兩次對(duì)長(zhǎng)白山林區(qū)進(jìn)行了80多天的標(biāo)本采集,經(jīng)統(tǒng)計(jì),共采集到葉蜂標(biāo)本6562號(hào)。結(jié)合整理中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)昆蟲(chóng)系統(tǒng)與進(jìn)化生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室模式標(biāo)本室多年來(lái)累積的長(zhǎng)白山葉蜂標(biāo)本,經(jīng)鑒定,長(zhǎng)白山的葉蜂共采集到10科70屬244種(含亞種),其中中國(guó)新紀(jì)錄屬1屬：枝跗葉蜂屬Armitarsus;中國(guó)新紀(jì)錄種37種,葉蜂新種71種。本文對(duì)其中3個(gè)新種進(jìn)行了描述：斑脛元葉蜂Taxonus maculotibialis Wei Chu, sp.nov.、黑翅元葉蜂Taxonus fuscipennis Wei Chu,sp.nov、光眶元葉蜂Taxonus minicarbonarius Wei Chu,sp.nov.。對(duì)長(zhǎng)白山葉蜂區(qū)系成分進(jìn)行了初步分析。長(zhǎng)白山記錄分布的70屬葉蜂中,跨大地理區(qū)的廣布型屬14屬,占總屬數(shù)的20%；古北型分布16屬,占22.9%；東亞型(含源自東亞型的東北亞特有分布型)分布40屬,占57.1%�？芍�,在屬級(jí)水平上東亞型成分的葉蜂屬占長(zhǎng)白山記錄葉蜂屬的一半以上,長(zhǎng)白山葉蜂區(qū)系的東亞型色彩十分明顯。在東亞型成分中,東亞-東北亞型分布12屬,占17.1%；東北亞型分布18屬,占25.7%；長(zhǎng)白山區(qū)域特有型分布10屬,占14.3%。東北亞型在東亞型葉蜂屬中稍占優(yōu)勢(shì),但占比不十分突出。在種級(jí)層次,長(zhǎng)白山葉蜂中,東亞型分布成分共178種,占總種數(shù)的72.9%；跨地理大區(qū)的廣布型成分共20種,占總種數(shù)的8.2%；古北型分布46種,占總種數(shù)的18.9%。目前的數(shù)據(jù)表明,長(zhǎng)白山葉蜂區(qū)系中,東亞型種類占明顯優(yōu)勢(shì)。在東亞型分布成分中,東亞-東北亞分布型共52種,占總種數(shù)的21.3%；東北亞分布型71種,占總種數(shù)的29.1%；長(zhǎng)白山地區(qū)特有種55種,占比22.5%。東北亞型成分在長(zhǎng)白山葉蜂區(qū)系中稍占優(yōu)勢(shì),但占比也不十分突處,與葉蜂屬級(jí)分布情況基本吻合。在葉蜂種級(jí)水平上,利用Jacard(1901)相似性計(jì)算了長(zhǎng)白山葉蜂區(qū)系與周邊國(guó)家和地區(qū)的區(qū)系相似度,其中相似度大于0.1的有日本、韓國(guó)和俄羅斯的東西伯利亞。其中,長(zhǎng)白山葉蜂區(qū)系與東西伯利亞(南部)葉蜂區(qū)系的相似度最高,相似度為0.328。其次是韓國(guó),相似度為0.217,再次是日本,相似度為0.173。其他地區(qū)與長(zhǎng)白山的相似度均小于0.1。對(duì)于東亞葉蜂地理區(qū)劃,根據(jù)長(zhǎng)白山葉蜂區(qū)系的研究結(jié)果,初步認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)白山地區(qū)的葉蜂區(qū)系屬于東亞區(qū)的東北亞區(qū),但本區(qū)與古北區(qū)也具有較密切的關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:From May 9, 2014 to Aug. 22, 2014, the author collected more than 80 days of specimens from Changbai Mountain forest area before and after two times. According to statistics, a total of 6562 specimens of leaf bees were collected. In combination with the laboratory model of insect system and evolutionary biology of the University of Forestry Science and Technology of Central South China, the collected samples of the leaf wasp of Mt. Changbai over the years have been identified and identified. A total of 244 species (including subspecies) of 70 genera and 10 families were collected from Changbai Mountain. The new record genera in China include 37 new records of Armitarsus; and 71 new species. In this paper, three new species, Taxonus maculotibialis Wei Chu, sp.nov., Taxonus fuscipennis Wei Chu,sp.nov, Taxonus minicarbonarius Wei Chu,sp.nov.., are described. The floristic composition of leaf wasp in Changbai Mountain was preliminarily analyzed. Of the 70 genera recorded in Changbai Mountain, 14 genera and 14 genera were distributed across large geographical areas, accounting for 20% of the total genera; 16 genera, 22.910; and 40 genera, accounting for 57.1 genera, were distributed in East Asia (including the endemic type of Northeast Asia originating from East Asia). It can be seen that more than half of the recorded genera in Changbai Mountain are East Asian species at the generic level, and the East Asian color of Changbai Mountain wasp fauna is very obvious. Among the East Asian type, 12 genera of East Asia to Northeast Asia type, 18 genera to Northeast Asia type, and 10 genera to 14.3 genera in Changbai Mountain region, accounted for 17.1g and 25.7g, respectively. Northeast Asia type is a little dominant in the genus Eastasia, but the proportion is not very prominent. At the species level, there are 178 species of East Asian type, accounting for 72.9% of the total species, 20 species of broad-distributed species, 8.2% of the total species, and 46 species of paleo-northern type, accounting for 18.9% of the total species. The present data show that the East Asian species are dominant in the Changbai Mountain. Among the distribution components of East Asia, there are 52 species of East Asia to North-East Asia, 71 of Northeast Asia, accounting for 29.1% of the total number of species, and 55 species of endemic species to Changbai Mountain, accounting for 22.5% of the total number of species. The Northeast Asia type is a little dominant in the fauna of Changbai Mountain, but the proportion is not very protruding, which is basically consistent with the distribution of the genus. Based on the similarity of Jacard (1901), the floristic similarity of Changbai Mountain wasp fauna with neighboring countries and regions was calculated at the species level. Among them, East Siberia of Japan, Korea and Russia were more than 0. 1. The similarity between Changbai Mountain wasp fauna and East Siberia (southern) wasp fauna is the highest, and the similarity is 0.328. South Korea, with a similarity of 0.217, followed by Japan, with a similarity of 0.173. The similarity between other regions and Changbai Mountain is less than 0.1. According to the results of the study on the flora of the East Asian wasp, it is preliminarily considered that the flora of the Changbai Mountain belongs to the Northeast Asia of the East Asian region, but it also has a close relationship with the Palaeard region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S718.7

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