【摘要】：為有效解決鹽堿地植物根系因返鹽受到脅迫以及重度退化鹽堿地修復難題,利用鹽堿土地"鹽隨水動"典型特點,從淋鹽和抑鹽角度開展鹽堿化土壤的微域改良研究,設計了可快速淋鹽的引流式雙扣漏斗型防鹽害保水的植物栽培系統(tǒng)。對不同處理措施(單形漏斗試驗、雙扣漏斗試驗、引流式雙扣漏斗試驗、引流式雙扣漏斗加壤內隔層試驗)效果進行試驗研究。結果表明:(1)采用引流式雙扣漏斗加壤內隔層(處理4)降鹽效果最為顯著。0~20 cm土層處理4較對照組土壤含鹽量自3.64%下降至0.66%,降低達5.53倍。(2)采用處理4,棉花發(fā)芽、成苗率顯著提升,發(fā)芽率由對照組40.0%提升至86.0%;成苗率較對照組0%提升至82.0%。(3)不同處理措施下土壤含鹽量及棉花種子發(fā)芽、成苗率對比發(fā)現(xiàn),采用引流式雙扣漏斗加壤內隔層可快速降低引流式雙扣漏斗境內土壤鹽分,顯著提高棉花成苗率。研究表明,該系統(tǒng)可高效淋洗引流式雙扣漏斗區(qū)土壤鹽分,降低區(qū)內水分蒸發(fā),阻隔區(qū)外水鹽上行,防止區(qū)內土壤鹽化,創(chuàng)造出保護根系、適宜植物生長的"小生境"。
[Abstract]:In order to effectively solve the problem of plant root system in saline-alkali land under salt stress and severe degradation of saline-alkali soil, using the typical characteristics of saline-alkali soil "salt with water", the micro-area improvement of saline-alkali soil was carried out from the perspective of salt leaching and salt inhibition. A draining double-buckle funnel plant culture system for salt control and water preservation was designed. The effects of different treatment measures (simplex funnel test, double buckle funnel test, drainage double buckle funnel test and soil interlayer test) were studied. The results were as follows: (1) the salt-reducing effect of drainage double buckle funnel plus soil interlayer (treatment 4) was the most remarkable. The salt content in soil layer of 0 ~ 20 cm decreased from 3.64% to 0.66, which was 5.53 times lower than that in control group. (2) when treated with treatment 4, cotton germinated and seedling rate increased significantly. The germination rate was increased from 40.0% in control group to 86.0% in control group, and the seedling percentage was increased to 82.0% in control group. (3) soil salt content and cotton seed germination under different treatments. The soil salt content in the drainage double buckle funnel and soil interlayer can be reduced rapidly and the cotton seedling rate can be increased significantly by using drainage double buckle funnel and soil interlayer. The results show that the system can efficiently wash and drain the salt content of the soil in the double buckle funnel area, reduce the evaporation of water in the area, prevent the salinization of the soil in the area, and create a "niche" which can protect the root system and be suitable for plant growth.
【作者單位】： 中國科學院山地災害與地表過程重點實驗室;中國科學院水利部成都山地災害與環(huán)境研究所;中國科學院大學資源與環(huán)境學院;魯東大學地理與規(guī)劃學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金(50376031,41571277)
【分類號】：S156.4
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本文編號：2219885