【摘要】：土壤肥力是土壤可持續(xù)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ),土壤肥力的高低直接影響著農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的品質(zhì)和產(chǎn)量,因此土壤肥力的評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)有十分重要的意義。土壤肥力因素的時(shí)空變異規(guī)律是評(píng)價(jià)土壤肥力高低的重要指標(biāo),也是指導(dǎo)配方施肥的重要依據(jù)。針對(duì)目前土壤肥力評(píng)價(jià)存在的問題,為了更好地促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)信息化、現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展,本文進(jìn)行了基于GIS與數(shù)據(jù)挖掘技術(shù)的土壤肥力評(píng)價(jià)研究,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)在土壤養(yǎng)分空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的支持下,利用地理信息系統(tǒng)技術(shù)中的自然鄰域法插值算法,對(duì)農(nóng)安縣開安鎮(zhèn)2008-2010年連續(xù)三年間精準(zhǔn)施肥后土壤養(yǎng)分的空間變異情況進(jìn)行了研究。繪制了連續(xù)三年的開安鎮(zhèn)土壤堿解氮、速效鉀的空間變異圖,并根據(jù)空間變異圖對(duì)該鎮(zhèn)土壤肥力狀況進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,繪制了土壤堿解氮含量在110-140mg/kg區(qū)間、速效鉀含量在100-160mg/kg區(qū)間的連續(xù)三年面積比重圖。從研究結(jié)果可看出:精準(zhǔn)施肥后該鎮(zhèn)土壤堿解氮的空間變異特性發(fā)生了明顯變化,土壤堿解氮含量和速效鉀含量在此區(qū)間內(nèi)的面積比重逐年增大,表明土壤肥力差異性逐漸差異變小。這一結(jié)果,為依據(jù)空間分析技術(shù),提高土壤肥力評(píng)價(jià)的科學(xué)性和客觀性探明了一條有效途徑。(2)關(guān)聯(lián)規(guī)則挖掘是數(shù)據(jù)挖掘技術(shù)在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域中應(yīng)用的重要算法之一,依據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)規(guī)則算法能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)大數(shù)據(jù)中屬性之間的相互關(guān)聯(lián)性。本文結(jié)合土壤養(yǎng)分含量和玉米產(chǎn)量,運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)規(guī)則的數(shù)據(jù)挖掘方法,進(jìn)行了農(nóng)安縣開安鎮(zhèn)土壤養(yǎng)分各指標(biāo)置信度、支持度等關(guān)聯(lián)屬性的分析研究,探明了堿解氮、速效鉀、速效磷與玉米產(chǎn)量間的相關(guān)性及各屬性間的關(guān)聯(lián)度,其挖掘出的知識(shí)規(guī)則為評(píng)價(jià)土壤肥力奠定了一定基礎(chǔ)。(3)針對(duì)開安鎮(zhèn)的土壤肥力屬性,運(yùn)用地理信息系統(tǒng)軟件工程的理論和方法,設(shè)計(jì)并開發(fā)了基于GIS和數(shù)據(jù)挖掘的土壤肥力評(píng)價(jià)系統(tǒng)。以開安鎮(zhèn)為研究區(qū)域,設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)出含有用戶管理、空間數(shù)據(jù)顯示與查詢、專題數(shù)據(jù)編輯與修改、空間專題數(shù)據(jù)分析、關(guān)聯(lián)規(guī)則與肥力分析評(píng)價(jià)等五個(gè)功能模塊的土壤肥力評(píng)價(jià)系統(tǒng)。應(yīng)用該評(píng)價(jià)系統(tǒng),為農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)提供指導(dǎo),為決策提供技術(shù)支持。本文以空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、地理信息系統(tǒng)、關(guān)聯(lián)規(guī)則挖掘?yàn)榧夹g(shù)進(jìn)行的土壤肥力評(píng)價(jià)研究,在此研究基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)現(xiàn)的土壤肥力評(píng)價(jià)系統(tǒng),可以提高農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣的現(xiàn)代化水平。
[Abstract]:Soil fertility is the basis of soil sustainable development, and the soil fertility directly affects the quality and yield of agricultural products. Therefore, the evaluation of soil fertility is of great significance to agricultural production. The temporal and spatial variation of soil fertility factors is an important index to evaluate soil fertility and also an important basis to guide the formulation of fertilizer. In order to promote the development of agricultural informatization and modernization, the evaluation of soil fertility based on GIS and data mining technology was studied in this paper. The main research contents are as follows: (1) with the support of soil nutrient spatial database, the natural neighborhood interpolation algorithm in GIS technology is used. The spatial variation of soil nutrients in Kaian Town of Nong'an County during 2008-2010 after precision fertilization was studied. The spatial variation map of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium in Kaianzhen for three consecutive years was drawn, and the soil fertility was evaluated according to spatial variation map. On the basis of this, the area specific gravity map of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content in 110-140mg/kg region and available potassium content in 100-160mg/kg region was plotted for three consecutive years. It can be seen from the results of the study that the spatial variation characteristics of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in this town have changed obviously after precise fertilization, and the area proportion of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium in this area has increased year by year. The results showed that the difference of soil fertility gradually became smaller. The results prove an effective way to improve the scientific and objective evaluation of soil fertility based on spatial analysis technology. (2) Association rule mining is one of the most important algorithms in the application of data mining technology in the field of agriculture. According to the association rules algorithm, the correlation between the attributes in agricultural big data can be found. Based on soil nutrient content and corn yield, this paper analyzed and studied the correlation properties of soil nutrient index confidence and support degree in Kaian Town, Nong'an County by using association rule data mining method. The results showed that alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available potassium, and so on. The correlation between available phosphorus and maize yield and the correlation degree among each attribute, the rules of knowledge excavated by them laid a foundation for evaluating soil fertility. (3) aiming at the soil fertility attribute of Kaian Town, Based on the theory and method of GIS software engineering, a soil fertility evaluation system based on GIS and data mining is designed and developed. Taking Kaian Town as the research area, the design and development includes user management, spatial data display and query, thematic data editing and modification, spatial thematic data analysis, Soil fertility evaluation system based on five functional modules, association rules and fertility analysis and evaluation. The application of the evaluation system provides guidance for agricultural production and technical support for decision-making. The soil fertility evaluation system based on spatial database, geographic information system and association rule mining is studied in this paper. Based on this research, the evaluation system of soil fertility can improve the modernization level of agricultural technology extension.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S158;TP311.13

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