【摘要】：為全面了解新疆阿克蘇地區(qū)棗園土壤肥力狀況及科學(xué)評價土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量,以阿克蘇市及其周邊駿棗園為研究區(qū)域,取樣分析了84個棗園土壤速效氮磷鉀及微量元素含量,并通過主成分分析法將所取樣樣地劃分為高、中、低肥力組。結(jié)果顯示:研究區(qū)棗園土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量在3.19~28.9 g/kg,土壤堿解氮含量在1.87~250 mg/kg,96%的土壤樣本有機(jī)質(zhì)含量、堿解氮含量都處于缺乏、很缺或者急缺狀態(tài);土壤速效磷含量在3.0~258.5 mg/kg,土壤樣本速效磷含量在20 mg/kg以上的占48.8%,從整體來說阿克蘇地區(qū)駿棗園土壤速效磷含量較為充足;速效鉀含量在0.09~0.56 g/kg,土壤樣品速效鉀含量大于150 mg/kg的占97.6%,速效鉀含量處于極為豐富水平。主成分分析顯示,所有取樣的84個駿棗園中,高肥力果園占7.1%,中肥力果園占36.9%,低肥力果園占56.0%,所占比重較大,因此,需不斷加強(qiáng)棗園土壤養(yǎng)分管理水平,根據(jù)棗樹生長需肥規(guī)律科學(xué)施肥,提高肥料利用率,避免果園施肥造成的面源污染和土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量惡化。
[Abstract]:In order to understand soil fertility of jujube orchard in Aksu area of Xinjiang and evaluate soil environmental quality scientifically, the contents of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements in 84 jujube orchards were sampled and analyzed in Aksu city and its surrounding jujube orchard. The samples were divided into high, middle and low fertility groups by principal component analysis. The results showed that the content of organic matter in soil of jujube orchard was 3.19 ~ 28.9 g 路kg ~ (-1), and the content of soil organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in soil samples with soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content of 1.87 ~ 250 mg/kg,96% were in the state of deficiency, deficiency or urgency. The content of available phosphorus in soil samples was more than 20 mg/kg when the content of available phosphorus in soil was 3.00.258.5 mg/kg, and the content of available phosphorus in soil of Junjube Orchard in Aksu area was relatively sufficient. The available potassium content was 0.09 ~ 0.56 g / kg, and the available potassium content of soil samples was more than 150 mg/kg. The available potassium content was very rich. Principal component analysis showed that high fertility orchard accounted for 7.1, medium fertility orchard 36.9 and low fertility orchard 56.0, which accounted for a large proportion. Therefore, the soil nutrient management level of jujube orchard should be continuously strengthened. According to the growth rule of jujube, scientific fertilization is needed to improve fertilizer utilization rate and avoid non-point pollution caused by fertilization in orchard and deterioration of soil environmental quality.
【作者單位】： 新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)林學(xué)與園藝學(xué)院;新疆林業(yè)科學(xué)院;
【基金】：新疆自治區(qū)科技攻關(guān)重大專項(201130102-2) 新疆特色林果資源管理及測土配肥技術(shù)平臺建設(shè)
【分類號】：S665.1;S158

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