內(nèi)蒙古大興安嶺火燒跡地土壤微生物學(xué)特性的研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-26 21:20
【摘要】：本研究以內(nèi)蒙古大興安嶺多年凍土林區(qū)火燒跡地為研究樣地,以不同火燒年份(2003、2008、2012)和不同火燒程度(輕度、重度)的火燒跡地土樣為研究對象,分別于2013年5月、7月、10月采集土樣,采用常規(guī)微生物分析法及PCR-DGGE法對其土壤微生物學(xué)特性進(jìn)行了分析,旨在揭示大興安嶺火燒跡地恢復(fù)過程中土壤微生物的變化特征,為火燒后森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的科學(xué)管理和森林更新提供理論依據(jù)。1.在相同火燒跡地,細(xì)菌、放線菌和真菌數(shù)量呈現(xiàn)出季節(jié)性動態(tài)變化的特征,均表現(xiàn)出7月10月5月。不同火燒程度對上述3大類微生物數(shù)量的影響在不同年份其結(jié)果不同,2003年火燒跡地在不同火燒程度之間無顯著差異,2008年和2012年均有顯著或極顯著差異。不同火燒年份對微生物數(shù)量的影響程度均達(dá)到了顯著或極顯著差異(除個別外)。2.相同火燒跡地土壤過氧化氫酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性均呈現(xiàn)季節(jié)性動態(tài)變化的特征,除個別例外均表現(xiàn)出7月5月、10月。過氧化氫酶和蔗糖酶活性在不同月份之間有極顯著差異,而脲酶活性無顯著差異。說明不同月份對不同的酶活性有不同的影響。不同火燒程度對過氧化氫酶和蔗糖酶活性有極顯著影響,對脲酶活性有顯著影響。不同火燒年份對過氧化氫酶和蔗糖酶活性有極顯著影響,對脲酶活性無顯著影響。3.相同樣地土壤微生物生物量碳和氮含量表現(xiàn)出季節(jié)性動態(tài)變化規(guī)律,即7月10月5月,不同月份對微生物量碳氮有顯著或極顯著影響。不同火燒程度對生物量碳氮含量均有一定的影響,對2008年、2012年火燒跡微生物量碳有極顯著影響,而對2003年有顯著影響,對氮含量無顯著影響。不同火燒年份對土壤微生物生物量碳氮含量均有顯著或極顯著影響。4.土壤細(xì)菌16S rDNA PCR-DGGE分析結(jié)果表明,相同樣地土壤細(xì)菌多樣性指數(shù)(H)、豐富度(S)除個別例外均有7月10月5月的季節(jié)性動態(tài)變化特征,而均勻度(EH)的最高值出現(xiàn)在不同月份里。上述3個指標(biāo)在不同月份之間達(dá)到了顯著或極顯著差異(除個別外)。不同年份和不同火燒程度的火燒跡地之間土壤細(xì)菌多樣性指數(shù)(H)、均勻度(EH)、豐富度(S)均達(dá)到顯著或極顯著差異(除個別外)。DGGE圖譜的聚類分析中,相同年份的輕度和重度火燒跡地聚成一簇,相似性在63%～80%之間,與未過火樣地未聚成一簇,相似性在47%-69%之間。說明火燒與否對細(xì)菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生的影響大于火燒程度。不同火燒年份之間的相似性在47%-65%之間。說明不同火燒年份也對細(xì)菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生了重要影響。
[Abstract]:In this study, the burning area in permafrost forest region of Daxing'an Mountains, Inner Mongolia was used as the sample land, and the soil samples of different fire years (2003t / 2008 / 2012) and different burning degrees (mild and severe) were used as the research objects. Soil samples were collected in May, July and October of 2013. The microbiological characteristics of soil were analyzed by conventional microbiological analysis and PCR-DGGE method in order to reveal the variation characteristics of soil microbes during the restoration of burned areas in Daxing'an Mountains. It provides theoretical basis for scientific management and forest regeneration of forest ecosystem after burning. The number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in the same burning area showed a seasonal dynamic change, showing that the number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi showed a seasonal dynamic change in July, October and May. The effect of different burning degree on the quantity of the above three kinds of microorganisms was different in different years. In 2003, there was no significant difference between the burning sites in different burning degrees, but there were significant or extremely significant differences between 2008 and 2012. The effect of different years of fire on the number of microorganisms reached significant or extremely significant difference (except individual). 2. The activities of catalase, urease and sucrase in the same burning area all showed seasonal dynamic changes, except for a few, they all showed July, May and October. The activities of catalase and sucrase were significantly different from each other in different months, but urease activity had no significant difference. The results showed that different months had different effects on enzyme activity. The catalase and sucrase activities were significantly affected by different burning degrees, and urease activities were significantly affected. The catalase and sucrase activities were significantly affected by different burning years, but not by urease activity. Similarly, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content showed seasonal dynamic changes, that is, July, October, May, different months have significant or extremely significant effects on microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen. The biomass carbon and nitrogen content were affected by different burning degrees, and the biomass carbon was significantly affected in 2008 and 2012, but not in 2003. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents were significantly or extremely significantly affected by different burning years. 4. The results of 16s rDNA PCR-DGGE analysis showed that the soil bacterial diversity index (H),) richness (S) had the seasonal dynamic characteristics of July October and May except for a few exceptions, and the highest value of evenness (EH) appeared in different months. The above three indexes had significant or extremely significant differences between different months (except individual). In the cluster analysis of soil bacterial diversity index (H),) evenness (EH), richness (except individual), the (EH), richness of soil bacterial diversity index reached significant or extremely significant difference between different years and different burning degree. In the same year, the light and heavy burning areas were clustered into a cluster, the similarity was between 63% and 80%, and the similarity was between 47% and 69%. It shows that the effect of burning or not on the structure of bacterial community is greater than that on fire. The similarity between different years of fire ranged from 47% to 65%. The results showed that different burning years also had an important effect on the structure of bacterial community.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S714.3
本文編號：2206188
[Abstract]:In this study, the burning area in permafrost forest region of Daxing'an Mountains, Inner Mongolia was used as the sample land, and the soil samples of different fire years (2003t / 2008 / 2012) and different burning degrees (mild and severe) were used as the research objects. Soil samples were collected in May, July and October of 2013. The microbiological characteristics of soil were analyzed by conventional microbiological analysis and PCR-DGGE method in order to reveal the variation characteristics of soil microbes during the restoration of burned areas in Daxing'an Mountains. It provides theoretical basis for scientific management and forest regeneration of forest ecosystem after burning. The number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in the same burning area showed a seasonal dynamic change, showing that the number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi showed a seasonal dynamic change in July, October and May. The effect of different burning degree on the quantity of the above three kinds of microorganisms was different in different years. In 2003, there was no significant difference between the burning sites in different burning degrees, but there were significant or extremely significant differences between 2008 and 2012. The effect of different years of fire on the number of microorganisms reached significant or extremely significant difference (except individual). 2. The activities of catalase, urease and sucrase in the same burning area all showed seasonal dynamic changes, except for a few, they all showed July, May and October. The activities of catalase and sucrase were significantly different from each other in different months, but urease activity had no significant difference. The results showed that different months had different effects on enzyme activity. The catalase and sucrase activities were significantly affected by different burning degrees, and urease activities were significantly affected. The catalase and sucrase activities were significantly affected by different burning years, but not by urease activity. Similarly, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content showed seasonal dynamic changes, that is, July, October, May, different months have significant or extremely significant effects on microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen. The biomass carbon and nitrogen content were affected by different burning degrees, and the biomass carbon was significantly affected in 2008 and 2012, but not in 2003. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents were significantly or extremely significantly affected by different burning years. 4. The results of 16s rDNA PCR-DGGE analysis showed that the soil bacterial diversity index (H),) richness (S) had the seasonal dynamic characteristics of July October and May except for a few exceptions, and the highest value of evenness (EH) appeared in different months. The above three indexes had significant or extremely significant differences between different months (except individual). In the cluster analysis of soil bacterial diversity index (H),) evenness (EH), richness (except individual), the (EH), richness of soil bacterial diversity index reached significant or extremely significant difference between different years and different burning degree. In the same year, the light and heavy burning areas were clustered into a cluster, the similarity was between 63% and 80%, and the similarity was between 47% and 69%. It shows that the effect of burning or not on the structure of bacterial community is greater than that on fire. The similarity between different years of fire ranged from 47% to 65%. The results showed that different burning years also had an important effect on the structure of bacterial community.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S714.3
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，本文編號：2206188
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