生物炭對(duì)土壤微生物量及其群落結(jié)構(gòu)的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-08-01 18:43
【摘要】:大量研究表明,生物炭對(duì)不同類型土壤中微生物量及群落結(jié)構(gòu)特征影響不同,為探討這種影響差異是來自生物炭類型還是土壤本身特征,選擇紅壤和黑土兩類典型土壤同時(shí)開展了生物炭對(duì)不同類型土壤微生物量及其群落結(jié)構(gòu)的影響作用研究,為生物炭在不同類型農(nóng)田土壤中的應(yīng)用提供一定借鑒和參考。采用玉米秸稈生物炭(炭化溫度500℃)作為供試材料,分別按照炭土質(zhì)量比0、1%、2%和4%施用于紅壤和黑土中,通過41d的好氣培養(yǎng)試驗(yàn),研究生物炭對(duì)土壤pH、有機(jī)碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、銨態(tài)氮(NH_4~+-N)、硝態(tài)氮(NO_3~--N)、微生物量碳(MBC)、微生物量氮(MBN)的影響,以及磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)表征的微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。結(jié)果表明:從時(shí)間尺度變化規(guī)律來看,兩類土壤中SOC和TN含量隨著培養(yǎng)時(shí)間的延長而逐漸降低,土壤NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N、MBC以及MBN呈現(xiàn)波動(dòng)性變化規(guī)律,這與土壤中可利用態(tài)碳氮養(yǎng)分消耗有關(guān)。從生物炭添加效果來看,生物炭對(duì)兩類土壤生化性質(zhì)和微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)的影響差異顯著:生物炭能夠顯著提高紅壤pH,達(dá)1.9%~17.0%,而對(duì)黑土pH影響不明顯;生物炭能顯著提高紅壤和黑土中SOC含量,對(duì)紅壤SOC的提升潛力更大,達(dá)18.6%~85.7%,而對(duì)NH_4~+-N和NO_3~--N含量影響不顯著。生物炭會(huì)降低紅壤中MBC、MBN和PLFA含量及其微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)多樣性,降低幅度分別為17.4%~50.2%、19.8%~23.9%、24.9%~43.1%,對(duì)細(xì)菌/真菌沒有顯著影響;然而,生物炭的添加能夠提高黑土MBC、MBN和PLFA含量及其微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)多樣性,PLFA總量是對(duì)照的1.2~1.6倍,并增加微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)中細(xì)菌的比例。施用生物炭能夠改善紅壤和黑土的養(yǎng)分狀況,且對(duì)有機(jī)質(zhì)含量較低的酸性紅壤的提升潛力更強(qiáng);生物炭對(duì)土壤微生物量及群落結(jié)構(gòu)的短期影響受特定土壤生化性質(zhì)影響很大,其長期作用影響還需進(jìn)一步研究。
[Abstract]:A large number of studies have shown that biochar has different effects on microbial biomass and community structure characteristics in different types of soils. The effects of biochar on microbial biomass and community structure of different types of soil were studied simultaneously in red soil and black soil in order to provide some reference for the application of biochar in different types of farmland soil. Corn straw biochar (charring temperature 500 鈩,
本文編號(hào):2158493
[Abstract]:A large number of studies have shown that biochar has different effects on microbial biomass and community structure characteristics in different types of soils. The effects of biochar on microbial biomass and community structure of different types of soil were studied simultaneously in red soil and black soil in order to provide some reference for the application of biochar in different types of farmland soil. Corn straw biochar (charring temperature 500 鈩,
本文編號(hào):2158493
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