【摘要】：本文針對(duì)寧夏中衛(wèi)市香山地區(qū)土壤水分蒸發(fā)過(guò)程不明確的問(wèn)題,通過(guò)田間試驗(yàn)研究了不同土壤水分條件下不同砂土覆蓋和不同砂土混合比例對(duì)土壤水分蒸發(fā)的影響,得出的主要結(jié)論如下：(1)通過(guò)對(duì)土壤蒸發(fā)閾值的正交分析,結(jié)果表明影響土壤蒸發(fā)閩值的試驗(yàn)因素重要順序?yàn)椋航涤炅可巴粱旌媳壤巴粮采w厚度,其中降雨量是高度顯著影響因素,砂土混合比例為顯著影響因素,砂土覆蓋厚度為次要影響因素。(2)通過(guò)對(duì)不同降雨量、砂土覆蓋厚度和砂土混合比例下土壤累積蒸發(fā)量隨時(shí)間變化的擬合分析和最小二乘法線(xiàn)性擬合,結(jié)果表明不同降雨量、覆蓋厚度、混合比例下土壤累積蒸發(fā)量隨時(shí)間的變化特征都可以用對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)式來(lái)表示,相關(guān)系數(shù)均大于0.83。(3)通過(guò)對(duì)不同降雨量、砂土覆蓋厚度和砂土混合比例下各處理土壤含水率隨時(shí)間變化的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)土壤含水率隨時(shí)間的變化程度隨著降雨量、砂土覆蓋厚度和砂土混合比例的增大均呈減小趨勢(shì),且覆蓋厚度越大對(duì)土壤水分蒸發(fā)的抑制效果越顯著,當(dāng)砂土混合比例增大到100%時(shí),五種處理含水率的變化幅度相一致,說(shuō)明砂石覆蓋對(duì)抑制土壤蒸發(fā)的效果最顯著。(4)利用最小二乘法對(duì)降雨量、砂土覆蓋厚度、砂土混合比例下的土壤水分蒸發(fā)計(jì)算閾值與實(shí)際閾值進(jìn)行相似性分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)土壤水分蒸發(fā)閾值與降雨量、砂土覆蓋厚度、砂土混合比例三因素間呈多項(xiàng)式函數(shù)關(guān)系,相關(guān)系數(shù)大于0.89。本文的研究結(jié)果為壓砂地灌溉制度的優(yōu)化和生態(tài)環(huán)境的恢復(fù)提供數(shù)據(jù)支撐,促進(jìn)壓砂地農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In view of the unclear process of soil moisture evaporation in Xiangshan area of Zhongwei City in Ningxia, the effects of different mulching and mixing ratio of sand and soil on soil water evaporation under different soil moisture conditions were studied through field experiments. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) through the orthogonal analysis of soil evaporation threshold, the results show that the important order of experimental factors affecting soil evaporation threshold is: rainfall sand mixed proportion sand cover thickness, Rainfall is a highly significant factor, sand mixing ratio is a significant factor, sand cover thickness is a secondary factor. (2) through the different rainfall, The fitting analysis of the variation of soil cumulative evaporation with time and the linear fitting of the least square method under sand cover thickness and sandy soil mixing ratio show that different rainfall and mulch thickness can be obtained. The variation characteristics of soil cumulative evaporation with time can be expressed by logarithmic function under mixed ratio, and the correlation coefficient is more than 0.83.3. (3) through different rainfall, The variation of soil moisture content with time under sandy soil cover thickness and sand / soil mixing ratio was analyzed. It was found that the variation degree of soil moisture content with time decreased with rainfall, and the increase of sand cover thickness and sand / soil mixing ratio showed a decreasing trend. The larger the mulching thickness is, the more significant the inhibition effect of soil moisture evaporation is. When the mixing ratio of sand and soil increases to 100, the change range of water content of the five treatments is the same. The results show that sand and stone mulch is the most effective method to restrain soil evaporation. (4) the similarity analysis between soil moisture evaporation calculation threshold and actual threshold under rainfall, sand cover thickness, sand and soil mixing ratio is carried out by least square method. It was found that the soil moisture evaporation threshold was polynomial function relation with rainfall, sand cover thickness, sand mixing ratio, and the correlation coefficient was greater than 0.89. The results of this paper provide data support for the optimization of irrigation system and the restoration of ecological environment, and promote the sustainable development of sanded land agriculture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S152.7

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