發(fā)布時間：2018-07-16 22:02

【摘要】：明確黑麥草田土壤水分變化規(guī)律,對提高四川丘陵區(qū)人工草地管理水平具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義;校驗EPIC模型,有利于改進并提高模型對黑麥草的模擬精度,對推進作物生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)模擬與決策技術(shù)在草糧輪作系統(tǒng)的應用具有重要的實踐意義。本研究通過田間試驗與計算機模型相結(jié)合的方法,研究了四川丘陵區(qū)黑麥草生長過程及其土壤水分動態(tài)變化規(guī)律,明確了EPIC模型對黑麥草生長過程及土壤水分變化規(guī)律的模擬精度。結(jié)果表明,1)四川丘陵區(qū)黑麥草田土壤有效含水量在3-5月較低,深層(0.4~0.6m)土壤水分在5-10月間可以得到較好恢復,適當增加氮肥投入,可以顯著提高黑麥草最大葉面積系數(shù)和飼草產(chǎn)量,在刈割4茬的條件下,氮肥施入量不宜低于75kg/hm2,且不高于225kg/hm2;2)黑麥草田0~1m土層土壤有效含水量模擬值和觀測值間的r值為0.86~0.95,RRMSE值為6.0%~17.2%,土壤水分剖面分布動態(tài)變化的模擬值和觀測值間的r值介于0.57與0.92之間,且大部分大于0.85;3)EPIC模型模擬的黑麥草葉面積系數(shù)和株高與觀測值間的r值均大于0.90,在統(tǒng)計范圍內(nèi)模擬值和觀測值間差異不顯著;黑麥草產(chǎn)量模擬值和觀測值間的r值大于0.90,ME值和R2間差異小于0.02�？傮w而言,EPIC模型能夠較好地模擬黑麥草生長過程,對黑麥草田土壤水分動態(tài)變化規(guī)律模擬較為準確,可以用來評價四川丘陵區(qū)以黑麥草為主的草糧輪作系統(tǒng)對當?shù)貧夂驐l件的適應性。
[Abstract]:It is very important for improving the management level of artificial grassland in hilly area of Sichuan province to make clear the law of soil moisture change in ryegrass field, and to check epic model, which is helpful to improve and improve the simulation precision of ryegrass. It is of great practical significance to promote the application of crop production system simulation and decision technology in grass grain rotation system. The growth process of ryegrass and the dynamic change of soil moisture in hilly region of Sichuan Province were studied by combining field experiment with computer model. The accuracy of epic model in simulating ryegrass growth process and soil moisture change was determined. The results showed that: 1) the soil available water content of ryegrass field in Sichuan hilly area was lower in 3-5 months, and the soil moisture in deep layer (0.4 ~ 0.6m) could be recovered better in May to October, and the input of nitrogen fertilizer should be increased appropriately. The maximum leaf area coefficient and forage yield of ryegrass could be increased significantly. The N fertilizer application amount should not be lower than 75kg / hm ~ (2) and not more than 225 kg / hm ~ (2) the r value between the simulated and observed values of soil available water content in 01m soil layer of ryegrass field is 0.860.95% RMSE value is 6.0 ~ 17.20.The simulated value of soil water profile distribution dynamic change and the r value between observation value and soil moisture profile distribution dynamic change are between 0.57 and 0.92. Most of the ryegrass leaf area coefficients and the r values between plant height and observed values simulated by epic model were greater than 0.90, but there was no significant difference between the simulated values and observed values in statistical range. R value of ryegrass yield between simulated and observed values is greater than 0.90 and the difference between R ~ 2 and R _ 2 is less than 0.02. In general, the epic model can simulate the growth process of ryegrass, and simulate the dynamic change of soil water in ryegrass field accurately. It can be used to evaluate the adaptability of ryegrass rotation system to local climatic conditions in Sichuan hilly area.
【作者單位】： 西南科技大學生命科學與工程學院;西南科技大學成人與網(wǎng)絡教育學院;
【基金】：糧食豐產(chǎn)增效科技創(chuàng)新項目(2016YFD0300210) 四川省教育廳項目(13ZB0299)資助
【分類號】：S152.7;S543.6

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