本文選題：杉木 + 馬尾松��； 參考：《林業(yè)科學》2017年06期

【摘要】：【目的】以期揭示環(huán)割對森林土壤微生物群落結(jié)構的影響�！痉椒ā�2012年6月在杉木和馬尾松人工林中分別布置6個6 m×6 m樣方,每個樣方至少包含5棵樹。杉木和馬尾松平均樹高分別為16.3和15.3 m,平均胸徑分別為18.5和17.2 cm。每種林分隨機選擇3個樣方進行環(huán)割,即在樹木胸徑處去除10 cm寬的樹皮和韌皮部,以阻斷光合產(chǎn)物的地下碳分配,剩余3個為對照。環(huán)割1個月后測定土壤基本理化性質(zhì),環(huán)割1個月和1年后采用磷脂脂肪酸方法測定土壤微生物群落結(jié)構。【結(jié)果】杉木林環(huán)割1個月后土壤可溶性有機碳含量降低了18.3%(P0.01),硝態(tài)氮增加了182.1%(P0.01),有效磷和土壤含水量分別增加了66.9%和10.6%(P0.05);馬尾松林環(huán)割1個月后土壤可溶性有機碳、硝態(tài)氮和有效磷含量分別增加了11.3%,72.7%和235.5%(P0.05),土壤含水量增加了12.1%(P0.01)。環(huán)割降低了土壤微生物生物量并改變了微生物群落結(jié)構,而且這種影響存在樹種和時間差異性。杉木林環(huán)割1個月后總磷脂脂肪酸、細菌、真菌、真菌∶細菌和革蘭氏陰性細菌含量分別降低了10.3%,10.9%,20.0%,10.1%和13.4%(P0.05),環(huán)割1年后細菌和革蘭氏陰性細菌的含量分別降低了20.3%和22.1%(P0.05);馬尾松林環(huán)割1個月后真菌和革蘭氏陽性細菌的含量分別降低了21.9%和14.5%(P0.05);環(huán)割1年后總磷脂脂肪酸、細菌和放線菌含量分別降低了17.8%,15.9%和27.4%(P0.05);環(huán)割1個月后杉木林土壤中磷脂脂肪酸cy17∶0/16∶1ω7c顯著升高(P0.05),而馬尾松林中該比值的升高則發(fā)生在環(huán)割1年后(P0.05),該比值的升高表明可利用碳有效性不足引起了微生物生長壓力。相關分析表明土壤可溶性有機碳含量與總磷脂脂肪酸、細菌、真菌、革蘭氏陽性細菌和革蘭氏陰性細菌含量極顯著正相關(P0.01),土壤NO-3-N和全氮含量均與細菌和革蘭氏陽性細菌含量顯著正相關(P0.05),土壤有效磷含量與革蘭氏陽性細菌含量顯著正相關(P0.05),土壤NH+4-N含量與總磷脂脂肪酸、細菌、革蘭氏陽性細菌和革蘭氏陰性細菌含量極顯著負相關(P0.01),與真菌含量顯著負相關(P0.05),土壤p H值與總磷脂脂肪酸、細菌、真菌和革蘭氏陽性細菌含量極顯著正相關(P0.01),與革蘭氏陰性細菌含量顯著正相關(P0.05),土壤有機碳含量與總磷脂脂肪酸、細菌、真菌和革蘭氏陽性細菌含量顯著正相關(P0.05),全磷含量與總磷脂脂肪酸、真菌和革蘭氏陰性細菌含量顯著正相關(P0.05),與細菌和革蘭氏陽性細菌含量極顯著正相關(P0.01),土壤含水量與土壤微生物生物量沒有顯著相關性(P0.05)�！窘Y(jié)論】環(huán)割導致植物光合產(chǎn)物供應變化,進而改變了土壤碳的可利用性及養(yǎng)分有效性,降低了土壤微生物生物量,改變了微生物群落結(jié)構,且對真菌群落的影響要高于細菌群落,而且環(huán)割對微生物的影響具有樹種差異性。
[Abstract]:[objective] to reveal the effect of ring cutting on the structure of soil microbial community in forest. [methods] in June 2012, 6 6 m 脳 6 m plots were arranged in Chinese fir and Masson pine plantations, each sample containing at least 5 trees. The average height and DBH of Chinese fir and Masson pine were 16.3 and 15.3 m, and the average DBH were 18.5 and 17.2 cm, respectively. Each stand was randomly selected for ring cutting, that is, the bark and phloem of 10 cm wide were removed at the DBH of the tree to block the underground carbon distribution of photosynthetic products, and the other 3 were used as control. The basic physical and chemical properties of soil were determined after 1 month of cyclization. The microbial community structure of soil was determined by phospholipid fatty acid method after 1 month and 1 year of cyclization. [results] the content of soluble organic carbon in soil decreased by 18.3% (P0.01), nitrate nitrogen increased by 182.1% (P0.01), available phosphorus and soil were increased by 182.1% (P0.01), and available phosphorus and soil were increased by 182.1% (P0.01). The water content increased by 66.9% and 10.6% (P0.05) respectively. The contents of nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus increased by 11.3% and 235.5% (P0.05) respectively, and the soil moisture increased by 12.1% (P0.01). Ring cutting reduces soil microbial biomass and changes the structure of microbial community, and this effect is different in species and time. The total phospholipid fatty acids, bacteria, fungi in Chinese fir forest were cut for 1 month. Fungi: the contents of bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria decreased by 10.3% and 10.9% respectively (P0.05), the contents of bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria decreased by 20.3% and 13.4% (P0.05) respectively, and the contents of bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria decreased by 20.3% and 22.1% (P0.05) after 1 year's circumcision, respectively, and those of fungi and Gram-positive bacteria in Pinus massoniana forest were decreased by 1 month. The contents of total phospholipid fatty acids decreased by 21.9% and 14.5% (P0.05), respectively. The contents of bacteria and actinomycetes decreased by 17.8% and 27.4% respectively (P0.05), the phospholipid fatty acid (cy17:0/16:1 蠅 7c) in soil of Chinese fir forest increased significantly (P0.05) after 1 month of cyclic cutting, while the increase of this ratio occurred after 1 year of ring cutting (P0.05) in Pinus massoniana forest. The high availability of available carbon results in microbial growth pressure. Correlation analysis showed that soil soluble organic carbon content and total phospholipid fatty acids, bacteria, fungi, Significant positive correlation was found between Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria (P0.01). Soil NO-3-N and total nitrogen contents were significantly positively correlated with bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria (P0.05). Soil available phosphorus content was significantly correlated with Gram-positive bacteria (P0.01). The content of NH _ 4-N in soil and total phospholipid fatty acids were positively correlated (P0.05). The contents of bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria were significantly negative correlation (P0.01), significant negative correlation with fungal content (P0.05), soil pH and total phospholipid fatty acids, bacteria, The content of fungi and Gram-positive bacteria was significantly positive correlation (P0.01), and the content of Gram-negative bacteria was significantly positive correlation (P0.05), soil organic carbon content and total phospholipid fatty acids, bacteria, There was a significant positive correlation between fungi and Gram-positive bacteria (P0.05), total phosphorus content and total phospholipid fatty acids, There was a significant positive correlation between fungi and Gram-negative bacteria (P0.05), a very significant positive correlation with bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria (P0.01), and no significant correlation between soil moisture content and soil microbial biomass (P0.05). Changes in the supply of photosynthetic products, Furthermore, soil carbon availability and nutrient availability were changed, soil microbial biomass was reduced, microbial community structure was changed, and the effect on fungal community was higher than that on bacterial community. Moreover, the effect of ring cutting on microorganism is different in tree species.
【作者單位】： 廣西師范學院北部灣環(huán)境演變與資源利用教育部重點實驗室廣西地表過程與智能模擬重點實驗室;中國科學院會同森林生態(tài)實驗站;
【基金】：中國科學院戰(zhàn)略性先導科技專項(XDB15010301) 國家自然科學基金項目(31570466) 國家重點研發(fā)計劃(2016YFA0600801) 廣西科學研究與技術開發(fā)計劃(14125008-2-24)
【分類號】：S714.3

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