本文選題：黃土高原 + 整地方式��； 參考：《環(huán)境科學(xué)》2017年09期

【摘要】：水分是維持旱區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康與可持續(xù)性的關(guān)鍵因子.整地措施能夠重塑地表微地形,利于旱區(qū)雨水收集、侵蝕防控和促進(jìn)植被恢復(fù),整地長期影響下的土壤水力學(xué)性質(zhì)是本文的研究重點(diǎn).以定西龍灘流域?yàn)檠芯繀^(qū),通過野外采樣與室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合,分析植被恢復(fù)過程中典型整地措施(魚鱗坑、反坡臺(tái))的土壤水分時(shí)空分布、土壤水分特征曲線和水分常數(shù),并輔以自然坡面為對(duì)照定量評(píng)價(jià)工程措施的土壤水力學(xué)特性.結(jié)果表明:(1)整地可以有效提高土壤水分含量.整地后土壤水分體積分?jǐn)?shù)平均提高1.883%,相比自然坡面高出了22.62%.反坡臺(tái)和魚鱗坑整地后,土壤水分含量分別提高了29.69%和15.55%.(2)與對(duì)照相比,魚鱗坑和反坡臺(tái)的飽和含水量分別提高了7.52%和4.24%,有效水含量分別提高了4.74%和11.40%,整地措施能夠提高土壤持水力和供水力,改善土壤水力學(xué)性質(zhì).(3)整地措施對(duì)表層土壤持水能力和供水能力的影響較深層大,與對(duì)照相比,魚鱗坑和反坡臺(tái)表層土壤(0~20 cm)有效水分提高了38.75%和23.84%,而深層(60~80 cm)有效水分與自然坡面差異只有3.34%和3.85%;土壤水分差異也隨著土層深度而減少.本研究定量評(píng)價(jià)了不同整地方式和自然坡面的土壤水分特性,其結(jié)果期望為脆弱生態(tài)系統(tǒng)植被恢復(fù)和水土資源管理提供科學(xué)依據(jù).
[Abstract]:Water is a key factor to maintain ecosystem health and sustainability in arid areas. Land preparation measures can reshape the surface microtopography, which is conducive to Rain Water collection, erosion prevention and control and vegetation restoration in arid areas. The soil hydraulic properties under the long-term influence of land preparation are the focus of this paper. Taking the Longtan watershed of Dingxi as the study area, through the combination of field sampling and laboratory experiments, the temporal and spatial distribution of soil moisture, soil moisture characteristic curves and water constants of typical land preparation measures (fishscale pit, backslope platform) in the process of vegetation restoration were analyzed. The soil hydraulics characteristics of engineering measures were evaluated quantitatively with natural slope. The results showed that: (1) soil preparation could effectively increase soil moisture content. The volume fraction of soil moisture increased by 1.883, 22.62% higher than that on natural slope. The soil moisture content increased by 29.69% and 15.55% respectively. (2) compared with the control, the soil moisture content increased by 29.69% and 15.55% respectively. The saturated water content of the fishscale pit and the backslope platform increased by 7.52% and 4.24% respectively, and the effective water content increased by 4.74% and 11.40%, respectively. The soil preparation measures could improve the water holding capacity and water supply capacity of the soil. (3) the effect of soil preparation measures on the water holding capacity and water supply capacity of surface soil was greater than that of the control. The effective water content of surface soil (0 ~ 20 cm) increased by 38.75% and 23.84%, while that of deep layer (60 ~ 80 cm) was only 3.34% and 3.85%, and the difference of soil moisture decreased with the depth of soil layer. In this study, the soil moisture characteristics of different land preparation methods and natural slopes were quantitatively evaluated, and the results were expected to provide scientific basis for vegetation restoration and soil and water resource management in fragile ecosystems.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院生態(tài)環(huán)境研究中心城市與區(qū)域生態(tài)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中國科學(xué)院大學(xué);中國水利水電科學(xué)研究院泥沙研究所水利部水土保持生態(tài)工程技術(shù)研究中心;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41371123,41501091) 國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFC0501701) “十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015BAC01B02) 中國科學(xué)院青年創(chuàng)新促進(jìn)會(huì)項(xiàng)目
【分類號(hào)】：S152.7

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前5條

1 張航，，徐明崗, 張富倉，武天云;陜西農(nóng)業(yè)土壤持水性能及其與土壤性質(zhì)的關(guān)系[J];干旱地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)研究;1994年02期

2 莊季屏,王偉;土壤低吸力段持水性能及其與早期土壤干旱的關(guān)系研究[J];土壤學(xué)報(bào);1986年04期

3 馬愛生;劉思春;呂家瓏;權(quán)定國;郭文龍;趙懿;;黃土高原地區(qū)幾種土壤的水分狀況與能量水平[J];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2005年11期

4 栗現(xiàn)文;周金龍;靳孟貴;劉延鋒;;高礦化度土壤水分特征曲線及擬合模型適宜性[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào);2012年13期

5 程?hào)|會(huì);王文科;李威;王會(huì);;風(fēng)積砂非飽和水力參數(shù)研究[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2010年10期

本文編號(hào)：2096491