本文選題：小麥 + 冠層�。� 參考：《南京信息工程大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于高光譜遙感可以提供連續(xù)的光譜信息,因此可利用這一特點(diǎn)探測(cè)植被的生長狀況(葉面積指數(shù)、冠層光合有效輻射)或者各種生化組分(SPAD、氮、磷含量等),反演各組分含量。從而為農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)管理提供重要依據(jù),也為農(nóng)業(yè)遙感的推廣提供技術(shù)支撐。本文以小麥作為研究對(duì)象,開展了2年不同品種、不同氮素水平的田間試驗(yàn)。利用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)分析等技術(shù)手段,研究高光譜遙感(反射率、反照率)參數(shù)與小麥生理生化參數(shù)之間的相關(guān)關(guān)系,確立小麥生物物理、生物化學(xué)參數(shù)的特征光譜參數(shù)及相應(yīng)監(jiān)測(cè)模型,并對(duì)模型精度進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,快速、準(zhǔn)確、客觀的監(jiān)測(cè)小麥長勢(shì)的變化,以為期提高優(yōu)質(zhì)小麥的產(chǎn)量提供理論依據(jù)。本研究得出的主要結(jié)論如下：(1)隨著施氮量的增加,小麥葉面積指數(shù)(LAI)逐漸變大,且隨生育期呈現(xiàn)先增加后減小的變化特征；對(duì)葉面積指數(shù)與小麥冠層高光譜反射特征的相關(guān)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),LAI與1044nm處一階導(dǎo)數(shù)光譜參數(shù)(FD1044)擬合效果最佳,決定系數(shù)為0.62。獨(dú)立年際試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的預(yù)測(cè)精度為0.46。(2)小麥冠層截獲光合有效輻射(IPAR)與可見光各波段反射率呈負(fù)相關(guān),在近紅外波段呈正相關(guān)；與小麥冠層IPAR相關(guān)性較好的高光譜參數(shù)較多,其中與水分指數(shù)(WI)擬合效果最好,線性擬合方程決定系數(shù)為0.72。(3)小麥地上部生物量隨施氮量的增加而增加,不同年度、品種表現(xiàn)出類似規(guī)律；在此基礎(chǔ)上了討論了小麥生物量與高光譜參數(shù)的關(guān)系,提出了監(jiān)測(cè)小麥生物量的光譜參數(shù)及其預(yù)測(cè)模型。其中基于一階導(dǎo)數(shù)光譜參數(shù)(FD793)的方程擬合效果最佳。獨(dú)立年際試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的測(cè)試表明,FD793能夠?qū)π←溕锪窟M(jìn)行可靠的監(jiān)測(cè)。(4)分析了不同氮素水平下,小麥整個(gè)生育期葉片SPAD值的變化狀況,并且討論了小麥葉片SPAD值與高光譜參數(shù)的關(guān)系,提出了小麥葉片SPAD值的敏感光譜參數(shù)及預(yù)測(cè)方程。發(fā)現(xiàn)葉片SPAD值與紅藍(lán)邊面積比(Sdr/Sdb)、紅邊最小值Lo、歸一化植被指數(shù)(NDVI)等關(guān)系密切,以線性方程擬合效果最好。監(jiān)測(cè)模型給出了較好的檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果,尤其是NDVI。(5)小麥氮、磷含量均隨施氮量的增加而增加；紅藍(lán)邊面積比(Sdr/Sdb)與小麥葉片氮含量相關(guān)性好,方程擬合精度高(R2=0.71)；導(dǎo)數(shù)光譜參數(shù)SD721與小麥葉片磷含量關(guān)系密切,方程擬合效果較好(R2=0.42)；利用土壤調(diào)節(jié)植被指數(shù)(SAVl2)可以較好的表達(dá)莖稈氮含量營養(yǎng)狀況的變化,線性方程的決定系數(shù)為0.55。(6)小麥葉片、莖稈碳氮比均隨施氮水平的提高而下降；光譜參數(shù)P-Depthl690和SD741與小麥葉片碳氮比關(guān)系密切,以線性方程擬合效果最好：小麥莖稈碳氮比與光化學(xué)反射指數(shù)(PRI)和ND672相關(guān)性較好,方程擬合精度高。(7)小麥冠層反照率隨施氮量的增加而增加,不同生育期變化趨勢(shì)一致；小麥冠層反照率與LAI、NDVI、EVI(增強(qiáng)型植被指數(shù))均呈顯著正相關(guān),其中與LAI和EVI與反照率擬合方程決定系數(shù)分別為0.70和0.73,高于NDVI;小麥冠層反照率與冠層透射率呈線性負(fù)相關(guān),擬合方程的決定系數(shù)為0.41；小麥冠層反照率與小麥葉片SPAD值之間的關(guān)系,采用分階段的擬合方法更佳,兩段線性擬合函數(shù)均呈現(xiàn)極顯著關(guān)系；小麥葉片、莖稈氮含量與反照率的相關(guān)性好于小麥磷含量,小麥冠層反照率與葉片、莖稈氮含量均呈線性相關(guān),擬合方程的決定系數(shù)分別為0.81和0.60；與葉片、莖稈磷含量均呈顯性正相關(guān),方程擬合效果較好,決定系數(shù)分別為0.52和0.40。本文基于高光譜遙感綜合分析了小麥生物物理指標(biāo)(LAI、光合有效輻射、生物量)和生物化學(xué)指標(biāo)(SPAD、氮、磷含量及碳氮比)與光譜參數(shù)的關(guān)系,確定了擬合度較好的光譜監(jiān)測(cè)模型,并對(duì)模型進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)和完善,實(shí)現(xiàn)了小麥生物物理和生物化學(xué)參數(shù)的快速、無損監(jiān)測(cè),為高光譜遙感在農(nóng)業(yè)遙感中的應(yīng)用提供了技術(shù)支撐和理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the relationship between the parameters of high spectral remote sensing ( LAI ) and the physiological and biochemical parameters of wheat by means of mathematical statistics and so on . The main conclusions are as follows : ( 1 ) With the increase of nitrogen application , LAI gradually increases , and the variation of wheat leaf area index ( LAI ) decreases with the growth period .
Based on the correlation analysis of leaf area index and canopy height spectral reflectance , it is found that the best fitting effect of LAI and the first order derivative spectral parameter ( FD1044 ) at 1044nm is the best , the final coefficient is 0.62 . The prediction accuracy of the interannual test data is 0.46 . ( 2 ) There is a negative correlation between the canopy interception of the canopy and the reflectance of the visible light , and is positively correlated with the near infrared band .
The high spectral parameters of wheat crown layer IPAR were much better , and the best fit effect with water index ( WI ) was the best , the coefficient of linear fitting equation was 0.72 . ( 3 ) The biomass of the ground part of wheat increased with the increase of nitrogen application , and the varieties showed similar laws in different years .
In this paper , the relationship between wheat biomass and high spectral parameters is discussed , and the spectral parameters of wheat biomass and its prediction model are presented . The relationship between SPAD value and high spectral parameters of wheat leaves is discussed . The relationship between SPAD value and high spectral parameters of wheat leaves is discussed .
The ratio of red and blue side area ( Sdr / Sdb ) was correlated with the nitrogen content of wheat leaves , and the equation fitting precision was high ( R2 = 0.71 ) .
The spectral parameters SD721 are closely related to the phosphorus content of wheat leaves , and the equation fitting effect is better ( R2 = 0.42 ) .
By using the soil - adjusted vegetation index ( SAVl2 ) , the nutrient status of stalk nitrogen could be expressed well , and the coefficient of determination of linear equation was 0.55 . ( 6 ) The carbon - to - nitrogen ratio of wheat leaves and stem decreased with the increase of nitrogen application level ;
The spectral parameters P - Depthl690 and SD741 were closely related to the carbon - to - nitrogen ratio of wheat leaves . The best results were as follows : the carbon - to - nitrogen ratio of wheat stem was better than that of photochemical reflection index ( PRI ) and ND672 , and the fitting accuracy of equation was high . ( 7 ) The incidence of wheat canopy was increased with the increase of nitrogen application , and the variation trend of different growth periods was consistent ;
The contrast ratio of LAI , EVI ( enhanced vegetation index ) was positively correlated with LAI and EVI ( enhanced vegetation index ) .
The relationship between the canopy reflection rate and SPAD value of wheat leaves is better than that of wheat leaf SPAD value , and the two stage linear fitting functions have very significant relationship with each other .
The correlation of nitrogen content of wheat leaf and stem was better than that of leaf and stem nitrogen , and the coefficient of the fitting equation was 0.81 and 0.60 , respectively .
Based on the high - spectrum remote sensing , the relationship between LAI , photosynthetic active radiation ( biomass ) and biochemical indexes ( SPAD , nitrogen , phosphorus content and carbon / nitrogen ratio ) and spectral parameters was analyzed .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S512.1;S127

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本文編號(hào)：2021983