本文選題：赤眼蜂 + 柞蠶卵��； 參考：《吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：柞蠶卵是我國人工大量繁育赤眼蜂的特色優(yōu)勢資源,但因柞蠶卵可繁育優(yōu)勢赤眼蜂種類過少,而極大限制了許多優(yōu)勢赤眼蜂種類的生產(chǎn)和推廣應用。初步研究結果表明,從大豆食心蟲卵采集的黏蟲赤眼蜂可成功寄生柞蠶卵并完成發(fā)育,且有少量個體可以穿破卵殼正常出蜂。本研究主要以松毛蟲赤眼蜂和黏蟲赤眼蜂為研究對象,通過測定并觀察不同條件下松毛蟲赤眼蜂和黏蟲赤眼蜂共寄生柞蠶卵的各項生物學參數(shù),明確松毛蟲赤眼蜂和黏蟲赤眼蜂共寄生柞蠶卵的互作機制及其在協(xié)同繁育上的應用。研究的主要結果如下:1、接蜂方式對黏蟲赤眼蜂和松毛蟲赤眼蜂共寄生柞蠶卵的影響?zhàn)はx赤眼蜂和松毛蟲赤眼蜂共寄生柞蠶卵時,同期接蜂的寄生率明顯高于錯期接蜂,兩種赤眼蜂共寄生柞蠶卵的單卵黏蟲赤眼蜂總蜂數(shù)和單卵黏蟲赤眼蜂出蜂數(shù),均在同期接蜂時高于錯期接蜂。因此,在開發(fā)一卵多蜂產(chǎn)品時,應采取同期接蜂的方式。此外,當2頭黏蟲赤眼蜂單獨寄生柞蠶卵時,同時接蜂24h寄生的柞蠶卵28.6%可以正常羽化出蜂,而錯期各寄生12h的寄生卵未見羽化出蜂。在提供1粒柞蠶卵的情況下,1頭松毛蟲赤眼蜂和5頭黏蟲赤眼蜂混合接蜂時,單卵黏蟲赤眼蜂出蜂數(shù)為8.8頭,與1頭松毛蟲赤眼蜂和1頭黏蟲赤眼蜂混合接蜂處理無顯著差異;但松毛蟲赤眼蜂、黏蟲赤眼蜂、柞蠶卵以5:25:5數(shù)量接蜂時,其寄生率高達98%,羽化率為81.6%,單卵黏蟲赤眼蜂總蜂數(shù)和出蜂數(shù)分別為42.1、26.7頭。2、環(huán)境條件對黏蟲赤眼蜂和松毛蟲赤眼蜂共寄生柞蠶卵的影響當松毛蟲赤眼蜂和黏蟲赤眼蜂共寄生柞蠶卵時,23-26℃條件下,寄生率高達90%,其寄生率隨溫度的升高表現(xiàn)出下降的趨勢。26℃條件下的平均單卵黏蟲赤眼蜂的出蜂數(shù)最多(3.5頭),顯著高于23℃下的出蜂數(shù)。因此開發(fā)一卵多蜂產(chǎn)品的最適宜接蜂溫度為26℃。此外,黏蟲赤眼蜂偏好于在相對較低溫度條件下寄生柞蠶卵,在溫度20℃的條件下,其單獨寄生柞蠶卵的寄生率可達53.3%,羽化率達43.8%。當兩種赤眼蜂共寄生柞蠶卵時,在相對濕度50%和80%條件下,赤眼蜂的寄生率、羽化率、單卵總蜂數(shù)和單卵出蜂數(shù)較高,特別是在相對濕度80%條件下,其單卵黏蟲赤眼蜂總蜂數(shù)達9.6頭,單卵黏蟲赤眼蜂出蜂數(shù)達6.9頭,明顯高于相對濕度50%和60%處理。開發(fā)一卵多蜂產(chǎn)品的最適宜接蜂相對濕度為80%。此外,黏蟲赤眼蜂偏好在高濕條件下寄生柞蠶卵,在相對濕度90%的條件下,其單獨寄生柞蠶卵的寄生率可達83.3%,羽化率達32%。當兩種赤眼蜂共寄生柞蠶卵時,在接蜂的24h中,光照時間越長,各項生物學指標越高,光照時間在19-24h時,其寄生率高達93.3%,光照時間24h時,其羽化率可達96.4%,單卵黏蟲赤眼蜂總蜂數(shù)和出蜂數(shù)分別為9.2頭、6.3頭,明顯高于24h全部黑暗處理。開發(fā)一卵多蜂產(chǎn)品時的適宜接蜂光照條件為L24:D0 h。此外,黏蟲赤眼蜂偏好于在光照時間居中的條件下寄生柞蠶卵,在光照時間為10-14h時,其單獨寄生柞蠶卵的寄生率可達83.3%,羽化率達33.3%,單卵黏蟲赤眼蜂出蜂數(shù)為13.1頭。3、柞蠶卵協(xié)同繁育的兩種赤眼蜂對靶標害蟲生防潛能研究結果表明,米蛾卵和柞蠶卵繁育的松毛蟲赤眼蜂或黏蟲赤眼蜂對黏蟲卵的寄生能力不存在明顯差異�？偟膩砜�,柞蠶卵繁育的松毛蟲赤眼蜂24h寄生黏蟲卵42.3粒明顯高于黏蟲赤眼蜂。此外,兩種不同中間寄主繁育的兩種赤眼蜂在黏蟲卵上的寄生能力及發(fā)育適合度,結果發(fā)現(xiàn),不同的中間繁殖寄主對兩種赤眼蜂在黏蟲卵上的羽化率、后代雌蜂比率和發(fā)育歷期影響不大。研究證明,柞蠶卵協(xié)同繁育的赤眼蜂與米蛾卵繁育的赤眼蜂對靶標害蟲具有相似的防治潛能。通過比較不同條件下黏蟲赤眼蜂和松毛蟲赤眼蜂共寄生柞蠶卵的生物學參數(shù),研究結果初步表明,松毛蟲赤眼蜂、黏蟲赤眼蜂和柞蠶卵按照1:5:1比例同期接蜂,環(huán)境條件控制為溫度26℃、相對濕度80%、光照L24:D0 h是協(xié)同繁育黏蟲赤眼蜂和松毛蟲赤眼蜂的適宜條件。
[Abstract]:Antheraea pernyi egg is the dominant resource of artificial multiplication of Trichogramma in China. However, there are too few species of Trichogramma due to the breeding advantage of tussah eggs, which greatly restricts the production and application of many dominant species of Trichogramma. Preliminary results show that the Trichogramma tricusperdum can successfully parasitism and develop the ooplastic eggs. A small amount of individuals can be worn out of the egg shell. This study mainly uses the pine caterpillar Trichogramma and the Trichogramma tricuspid, by measuring and observing the biological parameters of the parasitic tussah eggs of Dendrolimus Trichogramma and Trichogramma tricuspid in different conditions, and the parasitic tussah eggs of Dendrolimus Trichogramma and Trichogramma tricuspid Interaction mechanism and its application in cooperative breeding. The main results are as follows: 1, the parasitoids parasitic on the eggs of Trichogramma tricuspid and Dendrolimus Trichogramma parasitized on the eggs of Trichogramma tricuspid and Dendrolimus tricuspid in the same period, the parasitism of the same period wasp was significantly higher than that of the mistletoe, and the two species of Trichogramma parasitized the tussah eggs. The number of total wasps and monozygote Trichogramma number of monozygote and monozygote wasp were higher than that of the wrong period. Therefore, the same period should be adopted when developing the monozygotic bee products. In addition, when 2 Trichogramma parasitoids parasitic on Tussah eggs alone, 28.6% of the tussah eggs sent by the 24h of the wasp can normally be feathered out of the wasp and at the wrong date. The parasitic eggs of each parasitic 12h were not found. In the case of 1 Antheraea pernyi eggs, the number of Trichogramma tricuspid wasp was 8.8, and there were no significant differences with 1 pine caterpillar Trichogramma and 1 Trichogramma tricuspid, but pine caterpillar Trichogramma and Trichogramma Trichogramma, when the 1 pine caterpillar Trichogramma and 5 tricuspid tricuspid were mixed with the wasp. The parasitism of Antheraea pernyi eggs is up to 98%, the parasitism rate is as high as 98%, the emergence rate is 81.6%, the number and number of the total wasp of the monoostrum tricuspid are 42.1,26.7.2 respectively. The environmental conditions have parasitized the eggs of the Trichogramma and Dendrolimus Trichogramma parasitized when the pine caterpillar Trichogramma and the Trichogramma Trichogramma parasitized the tussah eggs at 23-26. The parasitism rate was up to 90%, and the parasitism rate decreased with the increase of temperature. The average number of monosid Trichogramma Trichogramma was most (3.5) at.26 C, which was significantly higher than the number of wasps at 23 degrees C. Therefore, the optimum temperature for the development of the monozygotic bee products was 26. Under the condition of temperature 20 C, the parasitism of the parasitic Antheraea pernyi egg can reach 53.3%. The emergence rate is up to 43.8%.. When two species of Trichogramma are parasitized in the tussah eggs, the parasitism rate, the emergence rate, the number of monozygote and the number of monozygotic wasps are higher under the condition of relative humidity 50% and 80%, especially under the condition of relative humidity 80%, The number of total wasps of monoyse tricuspid wasp reached 9.6, and the number of Trichogramma Trichogramma was 6.9, which was significantly higher than the relative humidity of 50% and 60%. The most suitable relative humidity for the development of monozygotic bee products was 80%., and the Trichogramma Trichogramma preferred to parasitism of tussah eggs under the condition of high humidity. Under the condition of relative humidity 90%, it parasitized the tussah eggs alone. The parasitism rate is up to 83.3%, the emergence rate reaches 32%., when two species of Trichogramma parasitized tussah eggs, in the 24h of the wasp, the longer the light time is, the higher the biological index is, the parasitic rate is up to 93.3% when the light time is 19-24h, the emergence rate can reach 96.4% when the light time is 24h, and the number of total wasps and the number of wasps of monozygote Trichogramma are 9.2, 6.3, respectively. The head is obviously higher than all dark treatments of 24h. The suitable illumination condition for the development of the monozygotic bee products is L24:D0 h.. In addition, the Trichogramma Trichogramma prefers to parasitism of tussah eggs under the medium of light time. When the light time is 10-14h, the parasitic rate of the single parasitic tussah egg can reach 83.3%, the emergence rate is 33.3%, and the monozygotic Trichogramma Trichogramma The results of the study on the biocontrol potential of two species of Trichogramma of tussah eggs with 13.1 heads of.3 and two species of Trichogramma of tussah eggs showed that the parasitism of the Trichogramma tricuspid or the tricuspid tricuspid of the Antheraea pernyi eggs had no significant difference to the parasitic ability of the egg. In addition, the parasitic egg of the Dendrolimus Trichogramma, the parasite of the pine caterpillar of the Antheraea pernyi, was 42.3 seeds of the parasitic egg of the parasite. In addition, the parasitism and developmental fitness of two species of Trichogramma on the eggs of two different intermediate hosts were found. The results showed that the percentage of the two species of Trichogramma on the eggs of the two species of Trichogramma was not affected by the ratio of female to female and development period. Trichogramma and Trichogramma have similar control potential to target pests. By comparing the biological parameters of Trichogramma Trichogramma and Dendrolimus Trichogramma parasitized under different conditions, the results of the study showed that the pine caterpillar Trichogramma, Trichogramma and tussah eggs were connected according to the proportion of 1:5:1 in the same period, and the environmental conditions were controlled. The optimum conditions for CO breeding of Trichogramma armyworm and Trichogramma dendrolimi were made at 26 L24:D0 and 80% H.
【學位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S476.3

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