本文選題：蛋白核小球藻 + 光合細(xì)菌��； 參考：《上海海洋大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖廢水會(huì)對(duì)水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖及周邊自然水體造成破壞,甚至威脅自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和人類健康。隨著水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖的快速發(fā)展,水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖廢水凈化處理技術(shù)已成為水生生物學(xué)領(lǐng)域研究的熱點(diǎn)。本論文以水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖廢水作為研究對(duì)象,選擇可去除氮磷的蛋白核小球藻和光合細(xì)菌為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料,通過對(duì)蛋白核小球藻進(jìn)行培養(yǎng)和馴化,對(duì)光合細(xì)菌進(jìn)行活化培養(yǎng),研究分析了藻菌的生長特性、固定化微生物技術(shù)、藻菌固化條件優(yōu)化等內(nèi)容,在此基礎(chǔ)上開展了固定化藻菌細(xì)胞球粒去除養(yǎng)殖廢水中氮磷的實(shí)驗(yàn)。為藻菌互利共生凈化水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖廢水及水域生態(tài)修復(fù)提供了參考。主要研究結(jié)論如下:1、培養(yǎng)、馴化了蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)藻種,通過對(duì)其生長測定分析發(fā)現(xiàn),蛋白核小球藻具有較強(qiáng)的耐污、去除能力,穩(wěn)定期的藻液為10-15 d。通過活化、培養(yǎng)光合細(xì)菌(Photosynthetic Bacteria,簡稱PSB)菌種,觀察和測定了其生長特征,發(fā)現(xiàn)光合細(xì)菌易培養(yǎng)且生長良好。2、選擇海藻酸鈉作為蛋白核小球藻和光合細(xì)菌的載體材料,以PO_4~(3-)-P、NH_4~+-N和NO_2~--N的去除率為參考指標(biāo),通過正交實(shí)驗(yàn)分析確定了固定藻菌球粒的最優(yōu)實(shí)驗(yàn)方案為:交聯(lián)時(shí)間為24 h,海藻酸鈉體積分?jǐn)?shù)為2%,氯化鈣體積分?jǐn)?shù)為6%。通過蛋白核小球藻和光合細(xì)菌之間的不同體積比對(duì)PO_4~(3-)-P、NH~+_4-N和NO_2~--N的去除率比較研究,確定了最佳藻菌體積比為2:1。在上述條件下,制備的固定化藻菌細(xì)胞球粒半徑約為r=2 mm,球粒的密度ρ約為1 g cm~(-3)。3、比較分析了固定化藻菌細(xì)胞球粒和等量的游離態(tài)藻菌對(duì)TN和TP的去除效果。發(fā)現(xiàn)固定化藻菌細(xì)胞球粒對(duì)TP和TN的去除率分別提高了21%和13%,表明固定化藻菌細(xì)胞球粒對(duì)氮磷的去除效果優(yōu)于游離態(tài)藻菌。4、研究了不同溫度、光暗比對(duì)微藻和細(xì)菌的生長及氮磷去除效果,實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,溫度和光暗比對(duì)氮磷的去除均有一定的作用。其中:在不同溫度(20、24、28℃)條件下,蛋白核小球藻和光合細(xì)菌在p H初始值為7.0,光強(qiáng)于3000 Lx左右,光暗比為12:12環(huán)境中生長良好,其24℃時(shí)培養(yǎng)8 d后,固定化藻菌細(xì)胞球粒對(duì)PO_4~(3-)-P和NH~+_4-N的去除率最高,分別達(dá)到84%和95%。在不同光暗比(持續(xù)黑暗、持續(xù)光照、光暗比12:12)條件下,蛋白核小球藻和光合細(xì)菌在p H初始值為7.0,光強(qiáng)于3000 Lx左右,溫度25士1℃環(huán)境中生長良好,其光暗比為12:12時(shí)培養(yǎng)8 d后,固定化藻菌細(xì)胞球粒對(duì)PO_4~(3-)-P和NH~+_4-N的去除率分別為88%和90%。5、研究分析了固定化藻菌細(xì)胞球粒不同投加量對(duì)水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖廢水中p H值、DO和COD、PO_4~(3-)-P、NH~+_4-N和NO_2~--N等各水質(zhì)指標(biāo)的凈化效果,發(fā)現(xiàn)確定固定化藻菌細(xì)胞球粒最佳投加量為160-200粒/L。6、對(duì)固定化藻菌細(xì)胞球粒內(nèi)部蛋白核小球藻和光合細(xì)菌的相互關(guān)系實(shí)驗(yàn)研究表明,藻、菌具有一定的互利共生關(guān)系,利用藻菌互利共生關(guān)系固定藻菌用于水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖廢水處理具有良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)性和應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Aquaculture wastewater will damage aquaculture and surrounding natural water, and even threaten the natural ecosystem and human health. With the rapid development of aquaculture, purification and treatment of aquaculture wastewater has become a hotspot in aquatic biology. In this paper, aquiculture wastewater was used as the research object. Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella and photosynthetic bacteria, which could remove nitrogen and phosphorus, were selected as experimental materials, and the photosynthetic bacteria were cultured by culture and acclimation of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella. The growth characteristics, immobilized microorganism technology and optimization of solidification conditions of algal bacteria were studied and analyzed. On the basis of this, the experiments of removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from culture wastewater by immobilized algal bacteria were carried out. It provides a reference for the purification of aquiculture wastewater and the ecological restoration of water area by symbiotic algal bacteria. The main conclusions were as follows: 1. Chlorella pyrenoidosa (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) was cultivated and domesticated. The results of growth analysis showed that Chlorella pyrenoidosa had a strong ability of anti-fouling and removal, and the stable phase of Chlorella pyrenoidosa was 10-15 days. The photosynthetic bacteria Photosynthetic Bacteria (PSB) was cultured by activation. The growth characteristics of PSBs were observed and determined. It was found that photosynthetic bacteria were easy to grow and grew well. Sodium alginate was selected as the carrier material of Chlorella proteoglycosus and photosynthetic bacteria. Based on the removal rates of PO4 ~ -N and no _ 2 N, the optimal experimental scheme for fixing algae spheroids was determined by orthogonal experiment: the crosslinking time was 24 hours, the volume fraction of sodium alginate was 2, and the volume fraction of calcium chloride was 6 batches. The results showed that the optimum conditions were as follows: the cross-linking time was 24 h, the volume fraction of sodium alginate was 2%, and the volume fraction of calcium chloride was 6 batches. Based on the comparison of the removal rates of PO4H4 and NO2 N by different volume ratios between Chlorella Proteinuca and photosynthetic bacteria, the optimum volume ratio of algae bacteria was determined to be 2: 1. Under the above conditions, the spherical radius of the immobilized algaea cells was about 2 mm and the density 蟻 of the spheres was about 1 g / cm ~ (-1) ~ (-3). The removal efficiency of TN and TP by the immobilized alga cells was compared with that of the same amount of free algae bacteria. It was found that the removal rates of TP and TN were increased by 21% and 13%, respectively, which indicated that the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus was better than that of free algal bacteria. The effects of light to dark ratio on the growth of microalgae and bacteria and the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus were studied. The results showed that the temperature and the ratio of light and dark had certain effects on the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. Under different temperatures, the initial pH value of Chlorella Proteinuca and photosynthetic bacteria was 7.0, the light intensity was about 3000 LX, and the ratio of light to dark was 12:12, and it grew well at 24 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2022049