本文選題：燕麥 + 谷子　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：針對內(nèi)蒙古黃土高原春旱嚴重、春播保苗困難的問題,在防雨棚和與盆栽兩種條件下,采用311-A最優(yōu)回歸設(shè)計方法,研究不同土壤墑情、不同黃腐酸浸種濃度和播種補水量對燕麥和谷子的抗旱保苗效果,建立以出苗率為目標函數(shù)的三因子非線性回歸方程,揭示3因素對燕麥和谷子的抗旱保苗機制,為該地區(qū)抗旱播種保苗提供理論依據(jù)與技術(shù)支持。研究結(jié)果主要如下：1、在黃腐酸浸種和播種補水量的共同作用下,燕麥和谷子的出苗率、株高、莖粗均有所提高。燕麥出苗率、株高、莖粗分別提高了8.19%～29.21%、2.41%～61.72%、41.4%～152.80%；谷子出苗率、株高、莖粗分別提高了15%～122%、42.28%～1.54%、19.23%～85.59%。2、黃腐酸浸種結(jié)合補水處理能夠有效的調(diào)節(jié)燕麥和谷子的滲透調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)、質(zhì)膜系統(tǒng)及保護酶系統(tǒng)。燕麥游離脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、過氧化物酶(POD)含量分別增加21.90%～113.90%、6.89%～58.74%、7.16%～80.42%、3.35%～146.12%,丙二醛含量降低0.85%～32.35%、相對電導率降低13.64%～51.02%;谷子游離脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、過氧化物酶(POD)含量分別增加9.94%～75.36%、5.04%～50.25%、4.80%～48.07%、18.29%～111.25%,丙二醛含量降低3.79%～32.31%、相對電導率降低12.28%～71.79%。3、單因素對燕麥和谷子出苗率的影響效果均表現(xiàn)為土壤墑情補水量黃腐酸浸種。經(jīng)三因素數(shù)學模型模擬尋優(yōu)得,在黃腐酸浸種濃度為0.22%、補水量為0.49L/m2及土壤墑情為田間持水量的71.25%時,燕麥出苗率在各單因素達到最大值,分別為90.76%、91.72%、93.27%；在黃腐酸浸種濃度為0.28%、播種補水量為0.23L/穴、土壤墑情為田間持水量的47.69%時,谷子出苗率在各單因素下達到最大值,分別為90.59%、90.72%和90.48%。4、兩因素互作時為在土壤墑情為田間持水量的62.11%下結(jié)合黃腐酸浸種濃度為0.22%時對提高燕麥出苗率效果較好,達93.05%；土壤墑情為田間持水量的45.95%并結(jié)合濃度為0.29%黃腐酸浸種,谷子出苗率達到最大為90.59%。兩因素互作時,黃腐酸浸種濃度和補水量、補水量和土壤墑情、黃腐酸浸種和土壤墑情對燕麥而言均存在互作效應(yīng),而只有黃腐酸浸種和補水量對谷子有互作效應(yīng)。5、黃腐酸浸種、補水并結(jié)合一定的土壤墑情可以明顯提高燕麥和谷子的出苗率。經(jīng)模擬尋優(yōu),黃腐酸浸種濃度為0.23%、補水量為0.47L/m2、土壤墑情為田間持水量的為68.85%的組合下,燕麥的出苗率達到最高為94.13%;當黃腐酸浸種濃度為0.27%、補水量為0.23L/穴、土壤墑情為田間持水量的為46.5%時,谷子的出苗率最高,達到91.05%。6、用黃腐酸浸種可以達到抗旱保苗節(jié)水的效果。在單因素影響下,黃腐酸浸種濃度最適,即0.22%時,燕麥出苗率最高達84.76%,若不浸種,需補水0.71L/m2；當谷子浸種濃度最適為0.28%時,谷子出苗率達到90.59%,若不浸種則需補水0.21L/穴。
[Abstract]:In view of the serious spring drought in the Loess Plateau of Inner Mongolia and the difficulty of planting and protecting seedlings in spring, the optimum regression design method of 311-A was used to study different soil moisture under the conditions of rain shelter and pot planting. Different concentration of fulvic acid soaking seed and amount of seeding supplementation on drought resistance and seedling preservation of oats and millet were studied. A three factor nonlinear regression equation with seedling emergence rate as objective function was established to reveal the mechanism of drought resistance and seedling preservation of oat and millet by three factors. To provide theoretical basis and technical support for drought-resistant seeding and seedling preservation in this area. The main results were as follows: under the combined action of seed soaking with fulvic acid and the amount of supplementary water, the emergence rate, plant height and stem diameter of oat and millet were improved. The seed emergence rate, plant height and stem diameter of oats were increased by 8.19% and 29.21% and 2.41% and 61.72%, 41.4% and 152.80%, respectively, and the seed emergence rate of millet, the height of plant, The diameter of stem increased respectively by 42.28 and 1.54, and 19.23 and 85.59.2. the osmotic regulation system, plasma membrane system and protective enzyme system of oat and millet could be effectively regulated by fulvic acid seed soaking combined with water supplementation. The contents of free proline, soluble protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in oats were increased by 21.90% and 6.89%, respectively. The contents of free proline, soluble protein, soluble protein, The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) increased by 9.945.36 and 5.04, and 50.25 and 4.800.804.800.707 and 18.291.25, respectively. The content of MDA decreased 3.790.32. 31 and the relative conductivity decreased 12.2871.79.3.The effect of single factor on the seedling emergence rate of oats and cereals was as follows: (1) the effect of single factor on the seedling emergence rate of oats and cereals was as follows: (1) the effect of single factor on the seedling emergence rate of oats and cereals was as follows. Soil moisture supplement amount of fulvic acid soaking seeds. Through three factors mathematical model simulation and optimization, when the seed soaking concentration of fulvic acid is 0.22, the amount of supplementary water is 0.49 L / m ~ 2 and the soil moisture is 71.25% of the field water holding capacity, the emergence rate of oat has reached the maximum value in each single factor, which is 90.76% 91.72% and 93.2727; When the seed soaking concentration of fulvic acid is 0.28%, the seeding amount is 0.23 L / hole, the soil moisture content is 47.69% of the field water holding capacity, the emergence rate of millet reaches the maximum in each single factor. 90.59.2% and 90.48.4.When the two factors interacted with each other, when soil moisture was 62.11% of the field water holding capacity, the seed soaking concentration of fulvic acid was 0.22%, and the effect was better when the seed soaking concentration was 0.22%, reaching 93.05%. Soil moisture content was 45.95% of the field water capacity and the combination concentration was 0.29% fulvic acid soaking the seed, the maximum emergence rate of millet was 90.59%. When the two factors were interacted, there were interaction effects on oats, such as the seed concentration and water supply of fulvic acid, the amount of water supplement and soil moisture, and the soaking of fulvic acid and soil moisture. However, only fulvic acid seed soaking and water supplementation had interaction effect on millet, and fulvic acid soaking seed, adding water and soil moisture could obviously increase the emergence rate of oat and millet. After simulated optimization, the seed soaking concentration of fulvic acid was 0.23, the amount of supplementary water was 0.47 L / m ~ 2, the soil moisture content was 68.85% in the field, the emergence rate of oat reached the highest 94.13%, when the soaking concentration of fulvic acid was 0.27%, the amount of supplementary water was 0.23 L / hole. When the soil moisture content is 46.5, the emergence rate of millet is the highest, reaching 91.05.6. soaking seeds with fulvic acid can achieve the effect of drought resistance and water saving. Under the influence of single factor, the best seed soaking concentration of fulvic acid was 0.22, the highest emergence rate of oat was 84.76%, if not soaking seed, it was necessary to replenish 0.71 L / m2, when the optimum concentration of seed soaking was 0.28%, the seed emergence rate of millet was 90.59%, and that of non-soaking seed was 0.21 L / hole.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S512.6;S515;S423

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