本文選題：秸稈還田 + 長期連作�。� 參考：《干旱地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：以棉花長期連作定點(diǎn)試驗(yàn)田為研究對象,研究秸稈還田對長期棉花連作土壤水穩(wěn)性團(tuán)聚體及有機(jī)碳分布的影響。試驗(yàn)設(shè)長期連作5、10、20 a和30 a的秸稈還田小區(qū)及長期棉花連作5、10 a和20 a無秸稈還田小區(qū),共計(jì)7個(gè)處理,每個(gè)處理3個(gè)重復(fù)。結(jié)果顯示:無秸稈還田條件下,隨著連作年限的增加,土壤1~0.25 mm水穩(wěn)性團(tuán)聚體含量和團(tuán)聚體中有機(jī)碳含量逐漸降低,0.053 mm水穩(wěn)性團(tuán)聚體含量逐漸增加;而秸稈還田可以顯著提高長期連作棉田土壤中1~0.25 mm水穩(wěn)性團(tuán)聚體含量、團(tuán)聚體平均重量直徑(MWD)、幾何平均直徑(GMD)值及團(tuán)聚體中有機(jī)碳含量;秸稈還田條件下隨著連作年限的增加,土壤1~0.25 mm水穩(wěn)性團(tuán)聚體含量逐漸增加,0.053mm水穩(wěn)性團(tuán)聚體含量逐漸降低,且對0~30 cm耕作層土壤影響較大;與無秸稈還田相比,秸稈還田長期連作棉田,隨著連作年限的增加,團(tuán)聚體分形維數(shù)(D)逐漸降低,而無秸稈還田分形維數(shù)(D)逐漸增加,團(tuán)聚體分形維數(shù)表現(xiàn)為隨土層加深而增大,最后在20~30 cm處趨于穩(wěn)定。說明秸稈還田顯著提高長期連作棉田水穩(wěn)性團(tuán)聚體的穩(wěn)定性,對改善土壤結(jié)構(gòu)、提升土壤的肥力具有積極作用,能夠緩解長期連作對土壤物理性狀產(chǎn)生的不利影響。
[Abstract]:The effects of straw returning on soil water stable aggregates and organic carbon distribution in cotton continuous cropping field were studied. In the experiment, there were 7 treatments with 7 treatments in which straw was returned to field for 20 years and 30 years for long term continuous cropping, and 5 years and 20 years for cotton for 5 years and 20 years, respectively, with 3 repeats in each treatment. The results showed that under the condition of no straw returning to the field, with the increase of continuous cropping years, the content of water stable aggregate and organic carbon in soil decreased gradually, and the content of water stable aggregate increased gradually with the increase of continuous cropping years. However, returning straw to field could significantly increase the content of water stable aggregates in soil of long-term continuous cropping cotton fields, the mean weight diameter of aggregates, the GMDD value of GMDs and the organic carbon content in aggregates, and the content of organic carbon in the aggregates increased with the years of continuous cropping under the condition of straw returning to the field, the average weight diameter of aggregates and the content of organic carbon in aggregates were increased with the successive cropping years. The content of water stable aggregates in soil increased gradually, and the content of water stable aggregates in 0 ~ 30 cm tillage layer decreased gradually and had a greater effect on the soil of 0 ~ 30 cm tillage layer, and compared with the return of straw, straw returning to cotton field for a long period of time increased with the increase of continuous cropping years. The fractal dimension of agglomerates decreased gradually, but the fractal dimension of returning to field without straw increased gradually. The fractal dimension of aggregates increased with the deepening of soil layer, and finally tended to be stable at 20 ~ 30 cm. The results showed that straw returning could significantly improve the stability of water-stable aggregates in long-term continuous cropping cotton fields, improve soil structure and soil fertility, and alleviate the adverse effects of long-term continuous cropping on soil physical properties.
【作者單位】： 石河子大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院新疆兵團(tuán)綠洲生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(31260307)
【分類號】：S562;S152

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