本文選題：生物炭 + 植煙土壤��； 參考：《中國土壤與肥料》2017年04期

【摘要】：為解決季節(jié)性干旱導(dǎo)致云南省烤煙減產(chǎn)的問題,開展了煙稈生物炭改善云南典型植煙土壤持水性的研究,進而為生物炭在煙葉生產(chǎn)中的推廣應(yīng)用提供依據(jù)。通過盆栽試驗研究了穴施不同用量生物炭(0%、1%、4%、7%、11%干土重)對黃紅壤(YR)、黃棕壤(YB)、赤紅壤(LR)、水稻土(PD)和紫色土(PE)5種典型植煙土壤持水性的影響。結(jié)果表明:施用生物炭顯著提升5種土壤持水性,一次澆水周期較對照延長1~5 d,對烤煙產(chǎn)量的影響因土壤類型而異。其中,1%~11%范圍內(nèi),YR土壤持水性隨著生物炭用量增加而降低,施用生物炭1%土壤持水性最好,與對照相比,烤煙生育期總補水量顯著降低59.5%,土壤含水量平均下降速度顯著下降50.4%,水分利用效率顯著提高32.3%。但施用生物炭導(dǎo)致烤煙最高減產(chǎn)37.9%。YB土壤持水性隨著生物炭用量增加呈升高趨勢,施用生物炭11%最好,相比對照,烤煙生育期總補水量顯著降低41.3%,水分利用效率顯著提高93.3%,產(chǎn)量無顯著提高。隨著生物炭用量增加,LR土壤持水性先增加后降低,施用生物炭4%效果最好,烤煙產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率分別較對照顯著提高46.2%和68.8%。隨著生物炭用量增加,PD和PE的土壤持水性及烤煙產(chǎn)量呈現(xiàn)先增加后降低趨勢,施用生物炭7%效果最佳,與對照相比,烤煙產(chǎn)量分別顯著提高17.0%和55.6%,總補水量分別顯著降低40.3%和26.8%,土壤含水量平均下降速度分別顯著降低37.4%和36.5%,水分利用效率分別顯著提高94.4%和121.7%。煙稈生物炭對于云南典型植煙土壤的保水效果明顯,其最佳施用量視土壤類型而異。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of reducing the yield of flue-cured tobacco in Yunnan province caused by seasonal drought, a study on improving the water holding capacity of typical tobacco planting soil was carried out, which provided the basis for the popularization and application of biochar in tobacco production. Pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different amounts of biochar on water holding capacity of yellow red soil (YRN), yellow brown soil (YBN), lateritic red soil (LRN), paddy soil (PDD) and purple soil (PEN). The results showed that the water holding capacity of five soils was significantly increased by applying biochar, and the primary watering period was 1 ~ 5 days longer than that of the control, and the effect on the yield of flue-cured tobacco varied with soil type. In the range of 11%, the water holding capacity of YR soil decreased with the increase of the amount of biochar, and the water holding capacity of the soil with 1% biochar was the best, compared with the control. During the growth period of flue-cured tobacco, the total water supplementation decreased significantly by 59.5%, the average rate of soil water content decreased significantly by 50.4%, and the water use efficiency (Wue) increased significantly by 32.3%. However, application of biochar resulted in the highest yield of 37.9%.YB soil water holding capacity increased with the increase of the amount of biochar, and the application of biochar 11% was the best, compared with the control. The total amount of water supplementation decreased significantly in the growing period of flue-cured tobacco, and the water use efficiency increased significantly, but the yield did not increase significantly. With the increase of the amount of biochar, the soil water holding capacity increased first and then decreased, and the effect of applying biochar 4% was the best. The yield and water use efficiency of flue-cured tobacco were significantly increased by 46.2% and 68.8%, respectively, compared with the control. The soil water holding capacity and flue-cured tobacco yield increased first and then decreased with the increase of biochar application, and the application of biochar 7% had the best effect compared with the control. The yield of flue-cured tobacco was increased by 17.0% and 55.6%, the total water supply decreased by 40.3% and 26.8respectively, the average decreasing rate of soil water content was significantly decreased by 37.4% and 36.5%, and the water use efficiency was increased by 94.4% and 121.7%, respectively. The effect of tobacco stalk biochar on water retention of typical tobacco growing soils in Yunnan was obvious, and the optimum application rate varied according to soil type.
【作者單位】： 云南省煙草公司玉溪市公司;煙草行業(yè)病蟲害生物防治工程研究中心;中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境與可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究所;
【基金】：中國煙草總公司云南省公司科技計劃項目(2013YN19) 云南省技術(shù)創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)對象培養(yǎng)基金(2014HB098) 中國科協(xié)青年人才托舉工程(No.2016QNRC001)
【分類號】：S152.7;S572

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李帥霖;王霞;王朔;張永旺;王杉杉;上官周平;;生物炭施用方式及用量對土壤水分入滲與蒸發(fā)的影響[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報;2016年14期

2 李江舟;代快;張立猛;計思貴;喬志新;焦永鴿;孟軍;蘭宇;;施用生物炭對云南煙區(qū)紅壤團聚體組成及有機碳分布的影響[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報;2016年06期

3 肖茜;張洪培;沈玉芳;李世清;;生物炭對黃土區(qū)土壤水分入滲、蒸發(fā)及硝態(tài)氮淋溶的影響[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報;2015年16期

4 王浩;焦曉燕;王勁松;武愛蓮;丁玉川;董二偉;王立革;;生物炭對土壤水分特征及水脅迫條件下高粱生長的影響[J];水土保持學(xué)報;2015年02期

5 王紅蘭;唐翔宇;張維;劉琛;關(guān)卓;校亮;;施用生物炭對紫色土坡耕地耕層土壤水力學(xué)性質(zhì)的影響[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報;2015年04期

6 陳敏;杜相革;;生物炭對土壤特性及煙草產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響[J];中國土壤與肥料;2015年01期

7 宋久洋;劉領(lǐng);陳明燦;李友軍;暴秀麗;;生物質(zhì)炭施用對烤煙生長及光合特性的影響[J];河南科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2014年04期

8 齊瑞鵬;張磊;顏永毫;文曼;鄭紀(jì)勇;;定容重條件下生物炭對半干旱區(qū)土壤水分入滲特征的影響[J];應(yīng)用生態(tài)學(xué)報;2014年08期

9 劉超;翟欣;許自成;陳雪;楊雙劍;;關(guān)于煙稈資源化利用的研究進展[J];江西農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報;2013年12期

10 陳溫福;張偉明;孟軍;;農(nóng)用生物炭研究進展與前景[J];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2013年16期

【共引文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李司童;毛凱倫;鄭璞帆;趙鵬博;李愛梅;吳薇;金保鋒;扈強;劉海輪;唐永紅;張立新;;生物炭與菜籽餅配施對土壤養(yǎng)分及煙葉產(chǎn)質(zhì)量的影響[J];中國土壤與肥料;2017年04期

2 代快;計思貴;張立猛;李江舟;喬志新;焦永鴿;張慶忠;;生物炭對云南典型植煙土壤持水性及烤煙產(chǎn)量的影響[J];中國土壤與肥料;2017年04期

3 陳懿;陳偉;高維常;程建中;林葉春;潘文杰;;煙稈生物炭對烤煙根系生長的影響及其作用機理[J];煙草科技;2017年06期

4 史東梅;蔣光毅;蔣平;婁義寶;丁文斌;金慧芳;;土壤侵蝕因素對紫色丘陵區(qū)坡耕地耕層質(zhì)量影響[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報;2017年13期

5 朱冬梅;霍軼珍;韓翠蓮;;生物炭對土壤水熱及玉米生長發(fā)育的影響[J];節(jié)水灌溉;2017年07期

6 張弘;李影;張玉軍;朱金峰;劉世亮;劉芳;姜桂英;;生物炭對植煙土壤氮素形態(tài)遷移及微生物量氮的影響[J];中國水土保持科學(xué);2017年03期

7 李鵬;潘英華;何福紅;譚麗麗;季樹新;;黃河三角洲濕地土壤毛管水運動特性研究[J];中國農(nóng)業(yè)氣象;2017年06期

8 劉領(lǐng);李繼偉;常茜茜;周俊學(xué);趙世民;陳明燦;李友軍;;蕓薹屬植物提取液對烤煙黑脛病發(fā)生及煙株生理特性的影響[J];植物生理學(xué)報;2017年06期

9 高利華;屈忠義;;膜下滴灌條件下生物質(zhì)炭對土壤水熱肥效應(yīng)的影響[J];土壤;2017年03期

10 南學(xué)軍;蔡立群;武均;劉小寧;高志強;Stephen Yeboah;張仁陟;;生物質(zhì)炭與氮肥配施對春小麥產(chǎn)量及其C，

本文編號：1915444