本文選題：粉煤灰 + 降雨特征��； 參考：《水土保持學報》2016年01期

【摘要】：利用徑流小區(qū)觀測法,對裸露、覆表土撒播草灌、撒播草灌3種處理的粉煤灰在自然降雨條件下的產流產渣進行定量分析,研究不同降雨條件下產流產渣的特征,并對不同措施進行效益評價。結果表明:(1)觀測期內總降雨量為1 635.3mm,總降雨歷時為791.09h,降雨集中在4—9月,降雨量為1 160mm,累積降雨侵蝕力達到7 216.22(MJ·mm)/(hm~2·h),占全年的92.41%。7月降雨量最大,達到409.60mm,平均雨強為4.61mm/h,I30最大到67.2mm/h;降雨以大雨、暴雨為主,降雨量達828.9mm,占50.69%。(2)產流產渣集中在4—9月,3種措施產流量分別為1.67,2.27,1.49m~3,產渣量分別為0.39,1.39,0.33kg,7月產流產渣最多,分別為0.72,1.06,0.67m~3和0.30,0.90,0.21kg;3種措施暴雨的產流產渣量最多,分別為0.82,1.16,0.80m~3和0.19,0.62,0.17kg;(3)降雨量與產流產渣的相關性最大,其次為I30、再次為降雨侵蝕力,與降雨歷時相關性最小。產流產渣與降雨量、I30呈多項式函數(shù)關系,與降雨侵蝕力呈線性關系,與降雨歷時線性關系不明顯,產渣與產流呈多項式函數(shù)關系。(4)覆表土撒播草灌小區(qū)產流量、產渣量、侵蝕總量均最大,分別為2.98m~3,1.59kg,31.81t/hm~2,裸露小區(qū)次之,分別為2.24m~3,0.54kg,18.23t/hm~2,撒播草灌小區(qū)最小,分別為2.98m~3,1.59kg,31.81t/hm~2。與裸露相比,撒播草灌后產流量減少14.73%,產渣量減少5.56%,侵蝕總量減少40.65%,撒播草灌對粉煤灰減流減渣效果明顯。
[Abstract]:The runoff plot observation method was used to quantitatively analyze the yield of abortion residue of fly ash treated by naked, overlying soil and seeding grass under natural rainfall, and the characteristics of abortion slag under different rainfall conditions were studied. The benefits of different measures are evaluated. The results showed that the total rainfall during the observation period was 1 635.3 mm, the total rainfall duration was 791.09 h, the rainfall was concentrated in April-September, the rainfall was 1 160 mm, and the cumulative rainfall erosion was 7 216.22(MJ mm)/(hm~2 hu, accounting for 92.41 7 months of rainfall in the whole year. The average rainfall intensity was 4.61 mm / h to 67.2 mm / h, and the rainfall was mainly heavy rain (828.9 mm), accounting for 50.69 mm (50.69 mm). The yield of abortive slag was 1.672.271.49m3 in April-September. The amount of slags produced was 0.39 ~ 1.39 ~ 0.33 kg, respectively, and that of abortion was the most in July. The yield of abortive residue was the highest in the three measures of rainstorm (0.72 ~ 1.06m ~ (3) and 0.30 ~ 0.90 ~ 0.21 kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ 0.19 ~ (1. 16) 0.80 ~ (3) and 0.190.62 ~ 0.17 kg / m ~ (3) respectively), followed by I _ (30), I _ (30) and rainfall erosion again, and the least correlation with rainfall duration. The relationship between abortion slag and rainfall I _ (30) was polynomial function, linear relationship was with rainfall erosivity, and there was no obvious linear relationship with rainfall duration. The relationship between runoff and runoff was polynomial function. The total amount of erosion was the highest, which was 2.98 m ~ (3) ~ (3.59) kg ~ (31) ~ (-1) t 路hm ~ (-2), followed by bare plot (2.24 m ~ (3) 0.54 kg ~ (18. 23) t ~ (-1) 路hm ~ (2), and sown grass irrigation plot was the smallest (2.98 m ~ (-1) ~ 31.59 kg ~ 31.81 t 路h ~ (-1) 路hm ~ (2) respectively. Compared with bare grass irrigation, the yield of grass decreased 14.73%, the amount of slag production decreased 5.56 and the total amount of erosion decreased 40.65%. The effect of sowing grass irrigation on fly ash flow and slag reduction was obvious.
【作者單位】： 江西省水土保持科學研究院;江西省土壤侵蝕與防治重點實驗室;
【基金】：江西省水利廳科技支撐項目(200305) 江西省科技支撐項目(20111BBF60059)
【分類號】：X705;S157.1

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