本文選題：取代脲類除草劑 + 降解微生物　； 參考：《微生物學(xué)通報(bào)》2017年08期

【摘要】：取代脲類除草劑主要用來防除一年生禾本科雜草和闊葉雜草,自20世紀(jì)中期推入市場(chǎng)以來,在世界范圍內(nèi)被廣泛使用,已成為重要的除草劑之一。隨著取代脲類除草劑的持續(xù)施用,其在環(huán)境中的殘留嚴(yán)重超標(biāo),危害日益凸顯。因此,取代脲類除草劑在環(huán)境中的吸附、遷移和降解等行為備受關(guān)注。研究表明細(xì)菌降解N,N-二甲基取代脲類除草劑主要是通過連續(xù)脫甲基作用后斷脲橋降解,而降解N-甲氧基-N-甲基取代脲類除草劑是通過脲橋的直接斷裂。真菌降解取代脲類除草劑的途徑則較為復(fù)雜,尚需進(jìn)一步闡明。本文綜述了近年來分離篩選的取代脲類除草劑降解菌株及其降解途徑的最新研究進(jìn)展,為取代脲類除草劑污染環(huán)境的生物修復(fù)研究提供參考。
[Abstract]:Substituted ureas herbicides are mainly used to control annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds. Since they were introduced into the market in the middle of the 20th century, they have been widely used in the world and have become one of the important herbicides. With the continuous application of substituted ureas herbicides, the residues of herbicides in the environment exceed the standard seriously, and the harm becomes more and more serious. Therefore, the adsorption, migration and degradation of substituted ureas herbicides in the environment have attracted much attention. The results showed that the degradation of N-dimethyl-substituted ureas by bacteria was mainly through the continuous demethylation of ureas, but the degradation of N-methoxy-N-methyl-substituted ureas was through the direct rupture of the urea-bridge. The way to degrade ureas herbicides by fungi is more complex, which needs further elucidation. In this paper, the recent advances in the studies on the degradation of substituted ureas herbicides and their degradation pathways were reviewed, which provided a reference for the bioremediation of environmental pollution caused by substituted ureas herbicides.
【作者單位】： 江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院植物保護(hù)研究所;淮陰師范學(xué)院江蘇省環(huán)洪澤湖生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)生物技術(shù)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)部農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境微生物工程重點(diǎn)開放實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(No.31501657,31300099)~~
【分類號(hào)】：X172;X592

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